Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Takamizawa.
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We have reviewed the clinical usefulness of tumor markers in gynecologic malignancy. In cervical squamous cell carcinoma. SCC and CEA showed increase in frequency of elevated cases according to the clinical stages (FIGO), and the frequency was significantly higher in recurrent cases than in patients with no evidence of disease. In endometrial carcinoma, presently, no specific tumor marker has been found. The diagnostic efficiency of CA 125, CA 19-9 and TPA were 25.2, 23.8 and 32.6, respectively. Further investigation must be necessary to establish markers sensitive enough. In primary ovarian malignancy, combination assay might be much more useful than single assay. The most effective combinations were TPA/CA 125/Ferritin in serous cystadenocarcinoma, and CEA/CA 19-9/TPA in mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. In the monitoring of the disease, it seems to be essential to select suitable combination of markers in each case. In addition, recently, multivariate analysis systems, such as CAMPAS (computer-aided multivariate and pattern analysis system), have become available.
The choriocarcinoma was one of the most curable malignant neoplasms. This is chiefly because the effective chemotherapy was introduced and the sensitivity of hCG was improved. But about 10-20% cases with choriocarcinoma were drug resistant or recurrent cases. And now, the treatment of these refractory choriocarcinomas were one of the most important clinical problems. We describe a new combination chemotherapy for these refractory choriocarcinomas in this paper. This high dose 5-FU + Act-D protocol was effective for drug resistant cases with MEA protocol.
The CA-50 enzyme immunoassay kit (EIA kit) that has been developed with the use of C-50 monoclonal antibody prepared by L. Lindholm et al. was evaluated for diagnosis of human cancer. The levels of CA-50 in the sera were determined using this kit supplied from Mitsui Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Co. in 759 healthy donors, 728 patients with benign disease and 1,263 untreated patients with cancer. A CA-50 concentration of 40 U/ml of serum was used as the cut-off value. Patients with pancreatic cancer and patients with bile duct cancer had high positive incidence of 75% and 68%, respectively, compared with a low positive incidence of under 40% in patients with other cancers. On the other hand, positive rates in patients with benign disease were as low as 13%. Comparison of the serum levels of CA-50 with CA19-9 in the same samples did not exhibit complete positive correlation in patients with pancreatic cancer, patients with bile duct cancer and patients with liver cancer. These findings indicated that C-50 antibody reacted with two epitopes of CA19-9 and sialosyllactotetraose. From the above results, the usefulness of CA-50 as a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer and bile duct cancer was recognized with this EIA kit.
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