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Biomedical subjects

Y Urano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Urano.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

In vitro synthesis of a 5S RNA precursor by isolated nuclei of rat liver and HeLa cells.

Isolated rat liver nuclei were incubated under appropriate conditions in the presence of 0.5 micrograms/ml alpha-amanitin and an RNAase inhibitor prepared from cytosol fraction, together with alpha-32P-UTP or alpha-32P-CTP and three other nucleoside triphosphates. RNA extracted by an SDS-hot phenol procedure was fractionated with sucrose density gradient centrifugation followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Fingerprint analysis of the in vitro synthesized "5S" RNA, which was slightly larger than mature 5S RNA on gel electrophoresis, showed that it contained all the sequences of mature 5S RNA except for the oligonucleotide at the 3' end. Instead, it contained two additional spots which were not present in mature 5S RNA. Analysis of the extra spots revealed that they were derived from the 3' end of the in vitro synthesized "5S RNA, which were sequenced tentatively as -CUUGAUGCUUoh (extra sequence underlined). The 5' end of the product was (p)pGU--. Isolated HeLa cell nuclei synthesized similar sized "5S" RNA under the same conditions. We conclude from these results that in isolated nuclei of these mammalian cells RNA polymerase III starts transcription of 5S RNA gene at the same site as the 5' end of mature 5S RNA, proceeds toward the 3' direction and stops at a site probably 8 nucleotides downstream from the 3' end of mature 5S RNA. Experiments with a short pulse and with various "chases" have demonstrated the presence of a short-lived precursor 5S RNA which is similar in size and sequence to in vitro "5S" RNA, suggesting that 5S RNA is synthesized in vivo as a longer precursor molecular as demonstrated in this in vitro system, and is rapidly processed into mature 5S RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Alpha-fetoprotein, prealbumin, albumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and transferrin as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for endodermal sinus tumors.

According to Gitlin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, prealbumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and transferrin are normal products of the human yolk sac. They are expected to reappear in human endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor). The synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein and other serum proteins by human endodermal sinus tumor was studied in the culture cells and in the tumor tissue transplanted into nude mice. The results gave evidences of synthesis of some of these proteins including alpha-fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin. Serum concentrations of these proteins were studied in eight children having endodermal sinus tumors. Serum AFP levels were abnormally high in all cases, whereas concentrations of other serum proteins were almost within normal ranges. This might be simply reflected by the fact that pre-albumin, albumin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and transferrin are already present in large quantities in sera of normal subjects while alpha-fetoprotein is present only in a negligible quantity. Alpha-fetoprotein, as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker of endodermal sinus tumor, showed good correlation to the tumor growth. Serum AFP concentrations declined almost to 0 ng/ml with a half-life of 4 days when surgical removal was complete, whereas serum AFP decreased only to 100-200 ng/ml with radiation and chemotherapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Bone-lengthening for shortness of the fourth toe.

Short fourth metatarsals were observed in 102 patients, often bilaterally. Forty-six of these patients were treated by variations on Jinnaka's bone-lengthening method--that is, interposing a spindle-shaped bone graft within the metatarsophalangeal joint. We examined twenty-six patients clinically and roentgenographically after a follow-up averaging 11.4 years. Satisfactory results were obtained in 74.4 per cent.

Adolescent↗