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Biomedical subjects

Y Ushijima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ushijima.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy in a case of pheochromocytoma before and after resection of it].

A 55-year-old man with pheochromocytoma was examined by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy before and after resection of the tumor. MIBG images showed decreased uptake in infero-posterior wall before operation. The heart to upper mediastinum uptake ratio was low at the delayed anterior planar image, and mean MIBG clearance from the left ventricle was increased. These abnormal scintigraphic findings improved after resection of the tumor. We thought that these abnormal MIBG findings were not due to abnormal cardiac sympathetic nerve function, because ECG, chest X-ray, UCG and 201Tl myocardial scintigram did not reveal any abnormality. It may be presumed that these abnormal MIBG findings were caused by high plasma catecholamines concentration. The mechanism of abnormal MIBG findings of the heart remains uncertain in various heart diseases. MIBG findings in this case with pheochromocytoma before and after resection may contribute to interpretation of the kinetics of MIBG in heart.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1994

[The measurement of insulin antibodies and insulin autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant human insulin antigen and its clinical application].

Insulin antibodies (IA) are detectable in the sera of most insulin-treated patients with diabetes mellitus. Antibodies to exogenous insulin sometimes cause clinical symptoms of insulin resistance, allergy, and local lipoatrophy. Although the frequency of these complications has diminished with the use of highly purified porcine insulin or recombinant human insulin, there are some patients with high titer of IA. Autoantibodies to insulin (IAA) are also described. IAA has been reported to be in association with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. For many years these antibodies have been measured by radiobinding assay (RBA) in which the complexes are precipitated non-specifically by polyethylene glycol. In the present study we developed a rapid and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for measuring IA and IAA using recombinant human insulin antigen. We applied this method to the samples obtained from patients with diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disease and then compared the results with those obtained from the RBA method. The calibration curve for ELISA was derived from the dilution curve of a single serum from a patient positive for insulin antibody, and the results were expressed arbitrarily as ELISA UNIT. The calibration curve was approximately linear on the log-log scale within the range of 0.1-2.0 at optical density (OD)450nm, (6.25-200 ELISA UNIT). The intra-assay (CV = 2.3-3.1%) and inter-assay (CV = 2.8-7.2%) precisions were acceptable. Recovery rate varied from 74.5% to 118.5% and dilution experiments showed good linearity. Specificity was demonstrated by substituting purified human IgG for the test serum and glucagon for insulin. Except for hemoglobin, coexisting substances in serum had almost no effect on ELISA. The range of ELISA UNIT (Mean +/- SD) of 83 normal sera was 12.7 +/- 4.6. Positivity for IA by ELISA (> normal Mean + 3SD) was 11 out of 58 (19.0%) and 26 out of 55 (47.3%) in patients with IDDM and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who were treated with insulin, respectively. Positivity for IAA by ELISA was 5 out of 173 (2.8%) and 1 out of 20 (5.0%) in patients with NIDDM without insulin therapy and hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, respectively. However, by RBA, we detected 4 other cases positive for IAA in NIDDM without insulin therapy and one case in Graves' disease. The present study demonstrates that the newly developed method of ELISA using recombinant human insulin antigen is clinically useful for measuring IA and IAA.

Antigens↗
PubMed1994

A simple luminescence method for detecting lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity in vitro.

The excited carbonyl species formed during lipid peroxidation may transfer their energy to dye molecules containing heavy atoms such as rose bengal to produce excited singlet state dye molecules. The excited dye then emits photons to return to its ground state. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between methemoglobin (metHb)-induced lipid peroxidation, rose bengal luminescence, and O2 consumption in a system containing 0-850 mu M phospholipid and 1 mu M metHb and 1 mu M rose bengal in Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4. The rapid rise in rose bengal luminescence was accompanied by a rapid rise in O2 consumption. Further, the luminescence of rose bengal could be quenched by alpha -tocopherol or probucol present in the phospholipid liposomes, with the latter being strikingly more effective than the former. This simple luminescence method is a useful practical approach to detect lipid peroxidation and determined antioxidant effects of water insoluble compounds in vitro.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1994

Dose intensity of mitomycin C in adjuvant cancer chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer.

Using a cohort of macroscopic curative resections of gastric cancer at stages II, III, and IV, a randomized controlled trial was performed to elucidate the dose efficacy of intensive adjuvant cancer chemotherapy with mitomycin C. Between June 1983 and December 1986, 336 patients with gastric cancer from 31 institutes were enrolled in the study. The cohort was stratified randomly by the telephone method into two arms. Group A received 20 mg and 10 mg of mitomycin C per body intravenously (IV) on postoperative days 0 and 1, respectively, and then tegafur at 600 mg/body daily perorally (PO) from postoperative week 2 for 1 year. Group B also received 0.2 mg of mitomycin C per kg IV at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. The background factors in groups A and B were essentially identical, and the adverse effects were tolerable in both groups. The total administered doses of mitomycin C were significantly higher in group B than in group A, according to the protocol. Although no significant differences were observed in the actuarial overall survival rates between groups A and B at stages II, III, and IV, favorable survival was observed in group B, which received histologically absolute curative resection. This dose-intensive adjuvant cancer chemotherapy would be useful for gastric cancer patients treated by histologically curative surgery.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant↗
PubMed1994

Fully enzymatic method for determining 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol in serum.

We have developed a fully enzymatic method to measure 1,5 anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5-AG) in serum through use of pyranose oxidase (PROD: EC 1.1.3.10), glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2), and an ATP-regenerating system. In a previous report (Clin Chem 1989;35:2039-43) the glucose interfering with the measurement of 1,5-AG was removed with a minicolumn. In the method used here, glucokinase and an ATP-regenerating system efficiently convert glucose to the unreactive compound, glucose 6-phosphate, making the method selective for 1,5-AG. The hydrogen peroxide produced in the oxidation of 1,5-AG by PROD is detected with a standard enzymatic color-developing system. The within-run and day-to-day precision (CV) of this method was 0.52-1.29% and 1.17-4.48%, respectively. The correlation (r) between the results obtained with our proposed method (y) and those obtained with the mini-column method (x) was 0.998 (y = 1.007x + 0.493 mg/L; n = 100; Sy/x = 0.641 mg/L). This newly developed method allows quicker and easier measurement of serum 1,5-AG than previously described methods.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of renal function by factor analysis using 99mTc-MAG3].

The kinetics of 99mTc-mercapto-acetyltriglycine (MAG3), a new renal scintigraphic agent, was studied by factor analysis in patients with chronic renal disorders, and its application to assessment of the renal function was evaluated. Data were collected for 30 minutes from immediately after intravenous injection of MAG3 at 370 MBq, the first pass image and serial renal scintigrams were obtained, and factor analysis was attempted simultaneously. Since most of MAG3 is excreted via the kidney during the first pass, factor analysis was performed. Two factors reflecting renal parenchymal components and pelvic components could be separated in 8 (Cre < or = 2.9 mg/dl) of 10 patients, and they corresponded with respective segmental renograms. In the remaining 2 (Cre > or = 3.0 mg/dl), separation was impossible by 2-factor analysis, and 3-factor analysis was needed. Factor analysis is considered to allow objective evaluation of renal function without setting the ROI.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical markers in endocrine-metabolic diseases].

We attempted to reevaluate the clinical significance of two parameters, 1,5-anhydroglucitol (AG) and type IV collagen, which are widely available in the fields of clinical activity. 1) 1,5 AG 1,5 AG was measured as a marker of glycemic control for diabetic patients by means of a column-enzymatic test (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd). Serum 1, 5 AG levels in diabetic patients (3.0 +/- 5.8 micrograms/ml, mean +/- SD) were significantly lower than in normal subjects (22.4 +/- 6.9 micrograms/ml). 75 g OGTT was performed on 428 subjects with urinary glucose detected on previous medical examination. According to the selectivity index (sensitivity value x specificity value) and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was slightly superior to 1,5 AG and fructosamine for diabetes screening. Furthermore, unexpectedly high levels of 1, 5 AG were obtained from the plasma of diabetic patients with this kit, when the patients were given a drip infusion containing maltose. We found that the maltose contained in the assay system interfered with measurement of 1, 5 AG. Nevertheless, 1, 5 AG measurements are thought to be useful in the diagnosis and screening of diabetes mellitus because of its wideranging fluctuations under relatively good glycemic control, as suggested by Yamanouchi, et al. 2) type IV collagen The type IV collagen peptide is known as a useful marker of progressive liver diseases and early stages of diabetic nephropathy. Type IV collagen was measured by one step sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using monoclonal antibodies (Panaassay IV CL; Fuji Chem. Ind., Ltd).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

[Detection of A-P shunt by MR angiography].

Magnetic Resonance Angiography using a time-of-flight method was performed on two cases with arterial-portal shunting (A-P shunt). Each case was examined both with and without presaturation applied above the diaphragms. Signal intensity in the portal vein on these cases decreased with presaturation. This presaturation normally eliminates signal from inflowing spins in the artery but never effect on that in portal vein. Therefore the decrease of signal intensity in the portal vein with presaturation indicates the arterial inflow to the portal vein.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1991

Chromosome changes in desmoid tumors developed in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Chromosome analyses were performed on benign desmoid tumors obtained from two female patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), one of whom was diagnosed as having Gardner syndrome (GS). The modal chromosome number was 46 in both specimens, and detailed Q-banding analysis in Case 1 (GS) revealed a clonal abnormality of an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5, del(5)(q21q31). The deleted region included an assigned locus for an FAP major gene (5q21-q22). All of the metaphases analyzed in this case showed an extra segment of bright fluorescence on the short arm of chromosome 15, but this unusual chromosome (15p+) was observed in both peripheral lymphocyte and skin fibroblast cultures from the patient, indicating that the 15p+ was constitutional in nature. In Case 2, no clonal rearrangements were identified and most cells had a normal karyotype. However, two cells showed rearrangements involving a 17q with non-identical breakpoints, one of which was observed as a solitary chromosome change. Based on the present findings in Case 1 and those reported so far, the chromosomal defect on 5q might be one of the causal genetic events primarily associated with the development of both benign desmoid tumors and colorectal adenomas and carcinomas in FAP patients.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between aging and renal function: a positron emission tomographic study].

Blood volume (V), blood flow (F) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) per 100 g (100 ml) of kidney were calculated with C15O, H(2)15O and 68Ga-EDTA, to study age-related changes per unit tissue in 19 subjects using positron emission tomography. Age was negatively correlated with V, F and GFR. The aging-related decrease in V was less marked than those in F and GFR. Analysis by regression formula induced that F, GFR for subjects in their 70s are 76%, 46% and 55% for those in their 20s, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of renal blood volume by PET--the aorta-kidney equilibrium monitored with C15O].

Twenty subjects inhaled C15O and its dynamics were monitored to determine when equilibrium between the aorta and kidney occurred. One minute after inhalation, the increase in radioactivity in the aorta paralleled that in the kidney, but thereafter, both declined slowly. The ratio of aorta/kidney radioactivity become constant 1 min after inhalation and remained unchanged for 4 min. Thus renal blood volume can be measured 1 min after inhalation of C15O its distribution in the aorta and kidney has attained equilibrium.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1986

Chemiluminescence probe with Cypridina luciferin analog, 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one, for estimating the ability of human granulocytes to generate O2-.

The Cypridina luciferin analog, 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one (CLA), in Hanks' balanced salt solution, emitted a weak luminescence which was not affected by superoxide dismutase or catalase and was not augmented by resting human granulocytes. In contrast, activated granulocytes caused a dramatic increase in the luminescence of CLA. The light emission by CLA in the presence of activated granulocytes was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, but not by catalase or benzoate. Azide at 0.5 mM did not inhibit light emission significantly. These results indicate that O2-, rather than H2O2, HO., singlet oxygen, or HOCl, was the agent responsible for eliciting the chemiluminescence of CLA. Moreover, the intensity of light emission by CLA correlated with the rate of production of O2- either by activated neutrophils or by the xanthine oxidase reaction.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1985

Chemiluminescence in L-tyrosine-H2O2-horseradish peroxidase system: possible formation of tyrosine cation radical.

Tyrosine-H2O2-horseradish peroxidase system at pH 7.4 emitted light in visible region. Phenolic compounds other than tyrosine were also emissive, whereas methoxy phenylalanine and phenyl compounds were not, in H2O2-peroxidase systems. Chemiluminescence spectrum of tyrosine of tyrosine-H2O2-horseradish peroxidase system showed two prominent peaks at 478 nm and 500 nm (Luminescence 1) and additional two or three peaks near 550 and 610 nm (Luminescence 2). Luminescence 1 is quite similar to the phosphorescence originated from an excited tyrosine in triplet state, while Luminescence 2 is quite similar to the phosphorescence originated from an indole in triplet state. Possible formation of tyrosine cation radical (a precursor of the excited tyrosine) and indole cation radical in the enzyme protein (a precursor of the excited tryptophan residue) were discussed.

Free Radicals↗
PubMed1984

Species difference in sensitivity to the diabetogenic action of triphenyltin hydroxide.

The sensitivity to the diabetogenic action of triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTOH) was investigated in 5 species of experimental animals. A single oral administration of TPTOH produced marked hyperglycemia and triglyceridemia in rabbits and hamsters, but no evidence of diabetes was found in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. No morphological abnormality was observed in islet tissue from TPTOH-treated hamsters.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of triphenyltin chloride on superoxide (O2-.) production in human neutrophils].

Brief treatment (3 min at 37 degrees C) of human neutrophils with triphenyltin chloride (TPTC1) resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide (O2-.) production stimulated by concanavalin A+ cytochalasin D. It was considered from the following findings that the inhibition may be caused by some functional disorders of neutrophils: 1) O2-. generated by xanthine oxidase-acetaldehyde system was not inhibited by TPTC1. 2) There was no change in cell viability after treatment with TPTC1. When the other phenyltin compounds were examined, the relative potencies of inhibitory effect were shown to be in the order of TPTC1 greater than diphenyltin dichloride greater than phenyltin trichloride greater than tetraphenyltin on a molar basis. Lysosomal enzyme release caused by neutrophils stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was also inhibited by TPTC1. These results suggest that TPTC1 inhibits the common pathway(s) of the two stimulus responses.

Glucuronidase↗