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Biomedical subjects

Y Watabe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Watabe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Proliferative activity of the parathyroid cells in rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Proliferative kinetics of parathyroid cells in secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) are still unknown. We examined the histopathological changes and proliferative activity of parathyroid cells in spontaneously hypercholesterolemic (SHC) rats that exhibit secondary HPT and in normal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats from 3 weeks to 32 weeks of age. Proliferative activity [proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) labeling index], evaluated by means of immunohistochemical examination of PCNA, declined in SD rats with age from 10.8% at 3 weeks of age to 0.15% at 32 weeks of age. In SHC rats, a PCNA labeling index of 11.6% declined to 3.12% at 14 weeks of age and rebounded to 6.15% at 26 weeks of age. Parathyroid glands increased in size as determined by the maximum cross-sectional area, but in SHC rats, the increase was significantly greater, paralleling the progression of renal dysfunction, and at 32 weeks they were almost three times larger than in SD rats. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in SHC rats also rose sharply after 20 weeks and reached 611 pg/ml at 32 weeks, while PTH in SD rats remained unchanged at approximately 110 pg/ml. This study showed that in the course of developing HPT in SHC rats, there is a large increase in the size of the parathyroid gland, a concomitant increase in PTH levels, and a PCNA labeling index that is higher than in normal SD rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The action of a novel vitamin D3 analogue, OCT, on immunomodulatory function of keratinocytes and lymphocytes.

Topical vitamin D3 has relatively recently been introduced for the treatment of psoriasis. Synthetic vitamin D3 analogues with a high potential for inducing differentiation of cells, but with a low hypercalcemic effect have recently been developed. One such synthetic analogue of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), 22-oxacalcitriol (OCT), is a novel agent for the topical treatment of psoriasis. The activity of OCT in vitro was investigated and compared with that of a series of vitamin D3 analogues as to their ability to inhibit murine T lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by con-A, to suppress IL-6 and IL-8 production by keratinocytes stimulated with IL-1alpha and TNFalpha, and to inhibit AP-1- and NFkappaB-dependent reporter gene expression. OCT inhibited the proliferation of lymphocytes and suppressed IL-8 and IL-6 production by keratinocytes to the same extent as the other vitamin D3 analogues. It also inhibited AP-1- and NFkappaB-controlled luciferase activity to the same extent as the other vitamin D3 analogues, which demonstrates its mechanism of action in the suppression of inflammatory processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Spinal intramedullary ependymal cyst: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Spinal intramedullary ependymal cysts are extremely rare. Only seven pathologically proven cases have been reported in the literature. METHOD: We present an 18-month-old female with thoracic spinal intramedullary ependymal cyst that was diagnosed pathologically. RESULTS: Histological diagnosis was made by light microscopy after immunostaining. After partially removing the cyst wall and establishing communication between the cyst and the subarachnoid space, the patient improved neurologically. CONCLUSIONS: For spinal intramedullary ependymal cyst we recommend diagnosis by MR imaging without myelography, then enucleation of the cyst, if possible. Otherwise, we remove the cyst wall as much as possible and create adequate communication between the cyst and the subarachnoid space.

Cysts↗
PubMed1998

Intradural spinal hibernoma: case report.

BACKGROUND: Hibernoma is a rare, benign tumor arising from vestigial remnants of brown adipose tissue. It usually affects muscle and subcutaneous tissue and is asymptomatic and slow growing. METHODS: A review of the worldwide literature contains about 110 cases of hibernomas. However, only two cases (including our case) of hibernoma located in the intradural spine have been reported. We present an extremely rare case of intradural extramedullary spinal hibernoma and summarize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the lesion. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 35-year-old woman suffered from motor weakness and numbness of the left upper extremity. Cervical spinal MRI revealed an intradural extramedullary mass at C7. She underwent surgery via the posterior approach and the lesion was completely removed. Histopathologic examination showed multivacuolated cells with centrally placed nuclei, and the diagnosis of hibernoma was made. CONCLUSIONS: Because the CT and MRI findings of hibernoma are almost same as those of other lipomatous tumors, a surgical specimen of this tumor is necessary to establish the correct diagnosis. Early diagnosis and total resection are necessary as some cases showed malignant features or rapid growth. Etiologically, the tumor may have developed by the ectopic growth or migration of adipose tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Prevalence of affective disorders on the basis of DSM-III among the elderly in a rural community in Japan].

The prevalence rates of affective disorders among the elderly in a rural community according to the criteria of the third edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were investigated. The survey used a two-phase method which combined a self-administered depression scale and diagnostic interviews by psychiatrists. The subjects were all 766 persons aged 65 years or older in a rural village in Japan. In the first phase, 698 persons completed a self-administered scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). In the second phase, 83 persons scoring 12 points or more on the CES-D and an additional 8 persons who, for unknown reason, did not respond to the CES-D were assessed by psychiatrists using a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. The subjects' physical health and life events, the presence of dementia, and other factors were taken into account when diagnoses were made. The point prevalence rates of depression without dementia as a comorbid condition by category were as follows: major depression, 0.5%; dysthymic disorder, 0.3%; and atypical depression, 0.4%. The point prevalence rates of depression with dementia as a comorbid condition were as follows: major depression, 0.7%; dysthymic disorder, 0.4%; and atypical depression, 0.4%. Major depression was more prevalent in women than in men and was more prevalent in persons aged 75 years of older than in younger subjects.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Superior sagittal sinus occlusion due to calvarial metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: 2 cases report].

We report two cases of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) occlusion due to calvarial metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Both cases were presented with bulging of the skull. No stigmata of increased intracranial pressure was detected. Cerebral angiogram showed the occlusion of the SSS. Tumor cells did not penetrate into the dura mater nor the galea and the tumors were able to be removed easily in both cases. One case without collateral circulation showed recanalization of the SSS on the postoperative angiography. Another case with development of collateral circulation did not show recanalization of SSS on the postoperative magnetic resonance angiography. In the latter case, cortical veins flowed into the occluded portion. We consider that SSS should be preserved to prevent venous congestion in the cases where collateral circulation has not developed.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

A clinical study of elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.

UNLABELLED: In recent years, an increase in average life expectancy has led to a rapid rise in the number of elderly patients undergoing surgery for acute cholecystitis. We studied the clinical characteristics of elderly patients (aged 75 years of more) undergoing surgery for acute cholecystitis, as compared with those of non-elderly patients (aged less than 75 years) undergoing similar procedures. Twenty-four of the patients were elderly, and 44 were non-elderly. RESULTS: Echography and abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed no characteristic findings specific to elderly patients, but a smaller proportion of elderly patients showed a three-layered structure of the gallbladder wall. The leukocyte count on admission was significantly lower in elderly patients than in non-elderly patients. As for therapy, a significantly higher proportion of elderly patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) + cholecystectomy + choledochotomy/choledocholithotomy, as compared with non-elderly patients. In contrast, cholecystectomy alone was performed more frequently in non-elderly patients than in elderly patients. The main postoperative complications were psychic symptoms and respiratory tract infections. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer for elderly patients, in part because they requested to remain in the hospital until they were able to perform activities of daily living.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Multiple intramedullary spinal sarcoidosis: case report.

BACKGROUND: According to past reported cases, spinal intramedullary sarcoidosis has the radiologic characteristics of a single enhanced lesion with cord swelling. However, it is difficult to make a diagnosis using only radiologic examinations. Including our case, 20 cases have been reported of intramedullary spinal sarcoidosis. Only six cases were diagnosed as primary spinal sarcoidosis. We present a rare case of multiple spinal intramedullary sarcoidosis without cord swelling. CASE DESCRIPTION: This 63 year-old man was afflicted with progressive paraparesis and numbness of the lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed intramedullary lesions without cord swelling. The patient underwent biopsy for diagnosis and the specimen showed a noncaseating granuloma mainly composed of epitheloid cells. Postoperative corticosteroid therapy was effective and the lesion disappeared 1 month after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Biopsy is a less invasive method and is useful for early diagnosis. Early diagnosis is important for spinal sarcoidosis so that high-dose corticosteroid therapy can be commenced while the lesion still has a good chance of being successfully treated.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Identification of histone H2A.X as a growth factor secreted by an androgen-independent subline of mouse mammary carcinoma cells.

Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC 115) cells and Chiba subline 2 (CS 2) cells are clones of an androgen-responsive mouse tumor cell line and its autonomous subline, respectively. We have shown previously that CS 2 cells produce a heparin-binding growth factor that stimulates the growth of SC 115 cells as well as the growth of themselves. In this study, a growth factor was purified from serum-free conditioned media of CS 2 cells cultured without testosterone. A heparin-binding fraction showed growth- promoting activity on SC 115 cells and BALB/3T3 cells. The amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the components were identical to histones H2A.1 and H2A.X. Since histone H2A purified from bovine thymus had almost no growth-promoting activity on SC115 cells, histone H2A.X was assumed to be a growth factor. cDNA of histone H2A.X was cloned from a library of CS 2 cells, and its sequence was confirmed. The expressed product of histone H2A.X cDNA in Escherichia coli showed remarkable stimulatory effects on growth of SC 115 cells cultured in the absence of testosterone. These results indicate that histone H2A.X is secreted from CS 2 cells cultured without testosterone and plays a role as a growth factor.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1996

Characteristics of androgen-independent growth of androgen-responsive Shionogi carcinoma 115 cells.

BACKGROUND: The effects of castration on the biological features of an androgen-responsive carcinoma were examined in order to clarify the mechanism responsible for the relapse of an androgen-responsive carcinoma after androgen ablation therapy. METHODS: A well-characterized androgen-responsive mammary carcinoma, Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC115), was used for these experiments. Male mice were examined for the effects of castration on the growth rate of the tumor, the number of androgen receptor-positive cells, and the karyotype of the SC115 tumors. Castration was performed 1 week prior to tumor transplantation, or 2 or 3 weeks after tumor transplantation. RESULTS: SC115 tumors did not develop when transplanted into castrated male mice. When castration was performed 2 weeks after transplantation, the tumor showed androgen-independent growth with temporary regression of growth rate. However, when castration was performed more than 3 weeks after transplantation, the tumor showed androgen-independent growth not associated with any temporal regression of growth rate. There were no significant differences in histological features or the number of androgen receptor-positive cells between SC115 tumors in untreated or castrated mice. To test whether SC115 tumors growing under androgen-deprived conditions became fully androgen-independent, SC115 tumors were transplanted in both male and female mice. A transplanted tumor piece grew progressively only in male mice. This indicates that the SC115 tumor maintains its androgen response in the next generation, even though growth of the tumor resumed after temporary suppression due to castration. Chromosomal analyses revealed no apparent cytogenetic changes in the SC115 tumors that resumed growth under androgen-deprived conditions. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that no gross changes in the number of androgen receptor-positive cells or karyotype are necessary for androgen-independent growth in this system once the size of tumor increased.

Androgens↗
PubMed1996

Cervical ventral epithelial cyst treated by anterior corpectomy--case report.

A 15-year-old boy presented with a cervical ventral epithelial cyst manifesting as intractable cervical pain. Neurological examination revealed weakness of his left grasp and increased deep tendon reflexes. The anterior approach was selected because the lesion was located directly ventral to the spinal cord. He underwent C4-5 anterior corpectomy and subtotal resection of the cyst wall. He made a good recovery without additional deficits. Most previously reported cases have been treated using the posterior approach despite the ventral location of the lesion. The anterior approach offers a safer and more effective means of treating such lesions because it allows direct access to the lesion without manipulation of the spinal cord.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effect of early exposure of flutamide on subsequent growth of transplantable rat prostatic tumor (dunning R-3327).

Rat transplantable prostatic tumors (Dunning R-3327) were treated with flutamide before tumors grew palpable, in order to examine the effect of short term treatment of antiandrogen for prostatic cancer in latent period on the growth after appearance of tumor. Flutamide delayed an appearance of the tumor nodule and retarded the growth rate in proportion as treatment began earlier. Flutamide also reduced final tumor volume. Flutamide-treated tumors histologically consisted of small or dilated glandular structure with an increase in stromal area, but androgen receptors were preserved. Flutamide-treated tumor showed slow growth with androgen sensitivity when transplanted to intact rats, showing prolonged influences of antiandrogen on tumor growth. There was no significant difference between flutamide-treated and control groups in weight of accessory sex organs and serum androgen or estrogen levels. In conclusion, flutamide treatment may retard an appearance of prostatic cancer concomitant in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The "turn-over" technique for selective cerebral angiography.

In older patients with severe aortic atherosclerosis or pronounced tortuosity of the brachiocephalic vessels, selective catheterisation may be impossible. In order to overcome this difficulty we introduced a new "turn-over" technique. This involves introduction of a long guidewire through the catheter, advancing it and turning it over just above the aortic valves and finally introducing it into each major vessel, followed by the catheter. Selective catheterisation was completely achieved with the turn-over technique in 13 patients. Turning over the catheter just above the aortic valves and introducing it into the vessels was very easy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Total excision of a thalamic arteriovenous malformation using an orbito-fronto-malar approach: case report.

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to Osaka Neurological Institute after the sudden onset of left hemiplegia, hemihypesthesia, and ipsilateral hemianopia on February 4, 1992. Computed tomography (CT) disclosed the presence of hemorrhage in the right thalamus extending to the ipsilateral internal capsule. Cerebral angiography after CT scanning disclosed the presence of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) fed by copsulothalamic and lateral geniculate body arteries originating from the right anterior choroidal artery. She was operated on with removal of the AVM using a right orbito-fronto-malar approach (OFM approach), which did not require transection of the cerebral parenchyma. The anterior choroidal artery could be followed distally from its origin and small feeding branches originating from the parent artery were easily identified, and the cerebral base could be examined in greater detail than with the conventional frontotemporal approach. The nidus could be excised in its entirety without difficulty. Postoperative angiography confirmed total excision of the AVM. She was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation on April 13, 1992. Motor strength on the left side had improved to 3/5 by that time. The OFM approach appears to be potentially useful for the resection of inferolateral thalamic AVMs, because it does not require corticotomy and feeding branches can be identified and dealt with prior to other surgical manipulations.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Lateral approach for anterior thoracic spinal lesions.

A lateral approach, consisting of a modified transversectomy, hemilaminectomy, and adequate transversectomy with costectomy of 7-8 cm, was used to treat four cases of anterior or anterolateral thoracic lesions, including two cases of thoracic disc herniations, one of thoracic meningioma, and one of hypertrophic pachymeningitis. All patients presented with gait disturbance, but recovered well postoperatively except for one who needed rehabilitation of the lower extremities. This approach provides a greater access to the anterior thoracic canal, and can achieve effective anterior decompression, and a good outcome for thoracic spinal disease if recognized early.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Postoperative intravesical installation of tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin (THP) and cytosine arabinoside (CA) for superficial bladder cancer: clinical results of prophylactic effects on recurrence].

Intravesical instillation of tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin (THP) and cytosine arabinoside (CA) was performed on 42 patients with superficial bladder cancer after transurethral resection (TUR) for the purpose of prophylaxis of recurrence. The instillation was carried out with 30 mg of THP dissolved in 30 ml of distilled water and 200 mg of CA (total 40 ml). These drugs were instilled 7 times for the initial 2 weeks after TUR, and then 7 times every two weeks, 8 times every month, and 4 times every three months. Cases eligible for evaluation of efficacy were 38 out of 42 patients. The cumulative non-recurrence rate at one, two and three years were 94%, 84% and 75%, respectively. These high non-recurrence rates were demonstrated regardless of the size, number and pathological grade of the tumors. Severe bladder irritability was demonstrated in 8 (19%) of 42 patients, but generalized side effects were not seen in any case. The reformed regimen with 20 mg of THP in 30 ml of physiological saline solution was then performed on trial in several patients and there were no severe symptoms. THP combined with CA seems to be remarkably effective for the prophylaxis of recurrence, while a high concentration of THP in distilled water may lead to severe bladder irritability.

Administration, Intravesical↗