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Biomedical subjects

Y Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Wu.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Analyses of the prevalences for neural tube defects and cleft lip and palate in China from 1988 to 1991].

This paper reports the monitoring results of two main categories of birth defects-neural tube defects (NTD) and cleft of lip and palate (CLP) in China during the period of continuous monitoring (1988-1991). The method of hospital-based monitoring was adopted for data collection. From Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1991, a total of 2,750,588 births were monitored, and 28,168 cases of congenital malformations were identified. The prevalence of total birth defects was 102.4 per 10,000. 6885 cases of NTD were identified during this period, the prevalence of NTD being 25.0 per 10,000. The prevalence of NTD varied geographically; it declined gradually from the north to the south of China with the highest rate of NTD in the Taihang Mountain Regions. A total of 4548 cases of CLP were identified, and the provincial prevalence of CLP varied from 11.2 to 25.7 per 10000 with a mean of 16.5 per 10000. The prevalence of NTDs varied seasonally with the peak in winter (January). The sex ratio of NTD was 0.59, the prevalences in female births (32.1 per 10,000) being higher than that in male births (17.4 per 10,000) (P < 0.01). The sex ratio of CLP was 1.33. A significant difference was noted between the sex ratio of cleft palate (0.80) and that of the total cleft lip (1.46) (P < 0.01). The prevalence of NTD in rural areas (44.3 per 10,000) was 3 times as high as that in urban areas (14.4 per 10,000), but no difference in occurrence of CLP was observed between the urban and rural areas (P > 0.05).

China↗
PubMed1995

Enhanced nitric oxide synthase activity in portal hypertensive rabbits.

Portal hypertension (PHT) is characterized by splanchnic hyperemia caused by a reduction in mesenteric vascular resistance. Mediators of this hyperemia include nitric oxide (NO). This is based on several reports indicating a marked splanchnic hyporesponsiveness in PHT to vaso-constrictor stimuli, both in vitro and in vivo, and a subsequent reversal using specific inhibitors of NO synthase (NOS). The objective of this study was to determine directly if the generation of NO is altered in PHT vasculature. Thus, we compared NOS activity in the hyperemic vasculature of normal rabbits and rabbits with PHT (after undergoing partial portal vein ligation). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase staining indicated the presence of NOS within the vascular endothelium. Ca(2+)-dependent NOS activity was significantly increased (P < .05) in PHT particulate fractions from the superior mesenteric artery and thoracic aorta, but not from the portal vein. There was no change in NOS activity within the cytosolic fractions. Arterial wall cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels and plasma nitrite levels were both significantly increased in PHT. These results show enhanced NOS activity in PHT hyperemic vessels concurrent with increased tissue cGMP levels. We conclude that enhanced NO synthesis contributes to the hyperdynamic circulation of PHT.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

[Coriaria lactone on gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion and glutamic acid decarboxylase and its receptor binding in rat].

The effects of coriaria lactone (CL) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) secretion, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity and glutamate (Glu) receptor binding were studied by using cultured neurons, P2 component and synaptic membranes from rat cerebral cortex. It was found that GABA secretion was depressed by CL, the depression rate was 8.3%, 10.6%, 14.5% at 12h 24h 48h respectively. GAD activity was depressed by CL in concentration of 0.15-150 mumol/L. The depression rate was 1.32%, 5.96%, 13.24%, 18.76% respectively. The Glu receptor binding capability was decreased by CL with obvious dose-effect relation in the extent of 2.8-350 mumol/L; the decrease rate was 4.4%, 12.7%, 15.2%, 19.5% respectively. The difference was significant as compared to control (P < 0.01).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical analysis of 6 cases of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms complicated by cardiotoxicity after chemotherapies].

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm treated by large dosage of 5-fluorouracil and actinomycin could cause cardiotoxicity. In 6 cases of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms admitted to our hospital from March to December 1993, cardiotoxicity was found to have occurred after chemotherapies in 10/21 courses. There were 2 cases with heart failures, 4 cases with palpitation and 4 cases with feelings of oppression and (or) chest pains. In 7 cases the electrocardiogram (EKG) findings were abnormal (70.0%) and in 5 cases there were increased sera glutamic oxalacetic transaminase enzyme (AST). 90.0% of these complications were brought under control after decreasing the dosages and changing the methods of administration. If the proper managements were not given on time, patient may even expire. So attention should be paid to this complication. It is suggested that attention should be paid to patients' subjective symptoms, and proper surveillance by EKG and serum AST determinations should be conducted to minimize deaths due to chemotherapeutic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Loss of angiotensin-II receptors in portal hypertensive rabbits.

Decreased splanchnic vascular response to exogenous angiotensin-II (A-II) infusion in portal hypertension has recently been documented. A-II receptor density and binding affinity in the mesenteric artery, portal vein, and adrenal gland of normal and portal hypertensive rabbits were studied. Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation 3 weeks before study. There were no significant differences in serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, A-II, serum osmolality, or hematocrit between normal and portal hypertensive rabbits. The portal hypertensive portal vein exhibited a 60% fall in A-II receptor number from 65.1 +/- 0.3 fmol/mg in normal to 27.0 +/- 8 fmol/mg (P < .05) in portal hypertension. A significant decrease in receptor number occurred in the portal hypertensive mesenteric artery, 224 +/- 39 fmol/mg compared with 345 +/- 45 fmol/mg in normal rabbits, and in the adrenal cortex 6.8 +/- 1.3 pmol/mg compared with 12.1 +/- 2.5 pmol/mg in normal controls (P < .05). No significant difference in A-II receptor affinity was observed in tissues studied between normal and portal hypertensive rabbits. Autoradiographic study on A-II receptors was consistent with data from membrane binding assays. Receptor subtype analysis showed exclusive type I receptor binding in the mesenteric artery and portal vein. We conclude there is a global reduction in the A-II receptor number in portal hypertension that may mediate much of the decreased response to A-II seen in this disorder. This loss of the A-II receptor may partially explain hemodynamic derangements peculiar to portal hypertension.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. on gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin and plasma somatostatin concentration].

The patients with chronic superficial gastritis were perfused in the stomach with 20 g of Dendrobium nobile to observe the variations in gastric acidity output, serum gastrin and plasma somatostatin concentration. The result showed a significant increase in both acidity output and serum gastrin concentration (P < 0.01). No significant change occurred in plasma somatostatin concentration (P > 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The protective effects of drugs H and X on liver cold ischemic injury].

Using isolated perfusion rat liver model (IPRL), we studied the protective effects of drugs H and X on rat's liver cold ischemic injury. After the rat's liver was preserved for 12 hours in Collins II solution with the addition of drugs H and X, the necrotic rate of sinusoidal lining cells was significantly lower than that of control group. Within certain range of the dosage of drugs H and X, the necrotic rate of sinusoidal lining cells was in the inverse ratio of the dosage in the Collins II solution. We also found that drugs H and X had obvious protective effect on liver cell redox function. But these drugs could not inhibit tissue from swelling after Collins II solution preservation. The protective mechanisms of the drugs maybe relate to the remoral of free radicals and suppression of Kupffer's cells activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Rapid diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis.

During December 1989 to December 1992, conjunctival specimens from 63 patients with severe trachoma and 30 with acute follicular conjunctivitis at the eye clinic of Tong Ren Hospital in Beijing, were tested by using direct immunofluorescent technique and amplified enzyme-linked immunoassay (Micro Trak and IDEIA) for chlamydial antigenicity. Trachoma accounted for 97.6% while acute follicular conjunctivitis accounted for 2.4% of the positive cases. Micro Trak and IDEIA tests proved advantageous over the culture method for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. In our study, Ofloxacin eye ointment has been proved to be an alternative drug for severe trachoma with better curative effectiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical observation of labor of induction with nutritional food].

386 pregnant women in 3rd trimester having indications of induction labor were induced with nutritional food. The success rate was 77.92% (301/386) and correlated with the cervical Bishop score. Furthermore the success rate increased significantly in term with premature rupture of the membrane (90.54%). This method, which was found to be safe and effective can significantly shorten the first and total stage of labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effect of massotherapy on the in vivo free radical metabolism in patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc and cervical spondylopathy.

The endogenous free radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood catalase (CAT) in 2 groups of patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc and cervical spondylopathy were lower than that of the healthy control group, while the -SH reflecting the metabolic disturbance of free radical was higher. After massotherapy, blood SOD and CAT were increased, while lipid peroxide (LPO), -SH in urine were decreased, demonstrating that there are distinct parallel relationships existing in the changes of these enzymes in blood and urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The relationship of intraacinar pulmonary arterial structural remodelling with pulmonary hypertension].

Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) was induced in rats by a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT). Light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and morphometry were applied to investigate the different pathological changes of the intraacinar pulmonary arteries (IAPA) and their relationship with PHT. The results showed that pulmonary function was related to the morphological structure and indicated that the remodelling in the IAPA structure was the pathological basis of PHT. The results further suggested that the proliferation and myoid differentiation of the pericyte play an important role in the muscularization of the nonmuscular pulmonary artery in IAPA.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical significance of fungi-bearing status of hospitalized patients].

The samples for fungi culture were collected from 11 body parts of 1109 patients who had been admitted to hospitals in Wuhan for more than 3 days. The body parts included the cavities and foramina (inner canthus, nasal vestibule, external auditory canal), skin (finger raphe, cubital fossa, axillary fossa, nipple), and mucosa (pharynx, vagina, coronary sulcus and anal canal). 201 healthy subjects were also examined and served as controls. It was found that the total fungus-bearing rate in hospitalized patients was 88.73% (984/1109), while the rate in healthy subject was 76.62% (154/201) (X2 = 21.61). Among the hospitalized patients, the fungus-bearing rate in patients with leukemia, tumors, connective tissue diseases or severe infectious diseases was significantly higher than other patients (X2 = 4.30-9.87). In the hospitalized patients, the body parts with highest fungus-bearing rates were cavities and foramina, 80.70% (895/1109) for patients and 71.64% (144/201) for healthy subjects respectively. The skin had lowest fungus-bearing rate. 20.02% (222/1109) and 13.43% (26/201), and the mucosa had a rate of 50.77% (563/1109) for patients and 32.34% (65/201) respectively. The fungi in the hospitalized patients included 1884 strains (mean = 1.92 strains per case) in which the Candida accounted for 29.78% (561/1884) and Aspergilla 24.31% (458/1884) and those identified in healthy subjects covered 234 strains (mean = 1.52 strains per person) in which Penicillia accounted for 45.30% (106/234) and Saccharomycetes 26.07% (61/234). The patients who had been hospitalized for 3-10 days and over 20 days had higher fungus-bearing rate as compared with those who had been hospitalized for 10 to 20 days (X2 = 5.633-97.09). The patients before the administration of antibiotics and adrenocortical steroid and those who had been given these medicines for over 20 days had a higher fungus-bearing rate than those who had been on these medicines for 1-20 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type III: report of three cases].

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type III (MEN III), or MEN IIb, is a rare syndrome. We have reported 3 typical cases of MEN III since 1987. Their syndrome was characterized by striking appearance of marfanoid habitus and face, multiple mucosal neuromas affecting lips and tongue, medullary thyroid carcinoma. Their family histories were negative. Only the third case of MEN III was correctly diagnosed before operation. Medullary thyroid carcinoma was removed. The first case was followed up for 7 years without recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of penbutolol and its metabolites in human body fluid by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry].

A method for the detection and identification of penbutolol and its metabolites in human body fluid by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established. The urine was extracted with diethyl ether-isopropanol and the plasma was extracted with Sep-Pak column. After TMS derivatization the sample was analyzed with GC-MSD. Six metabolites of penbutolol were found in urine sample. The recovery was 90.83% for urine and 85.88% for plasma. The detection limit of penbutolol was 5 pg.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical and radiographic analysis of 56 cases of mural ameloblastoma].

Fifty-six cases of mural ameloblastoma were ananlyzed clinically and radiographically. They were transformed by ameloblastomous changes from keratocyst, occuring in 28.2% of ameloblastoma. The disease was often seen in patients of 10-29 years old with a mean of 21.8. Most of them were seen in mandible (53/56), especially in ramus (40/50). The radiographic appearance is divided into three subtypes: (1) ramus-mandibular body pattern, including dentigerous (31/56) and non-dentigerous (9/56); (2) sub-apical pattern (12/56); (3) inter-radicular pattern (4/56). The mainpoint of radiographic diagnosis is the appearance of unilocular or multilocular radiolucency of similar size, located in ramus-mandibular body or mandibular body region. The large lesions have a tendency to expand along the mandible. The roots of teeth are absorbed apparently, demonstrating serrated or amputated appearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The sensitizing role of the anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody-NP30 of Schistosoma japonicum in egg granuloma formation].

C57BL/6 mice sensitized intraperitoneally with the anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody-NP30 of Schistosoma japonicum and then injected with vital egg suspension directly into spleen were used as the experimental models of hepatic egg granulomas in this study. The soluble egg antigen(SEA) sensitized group was used as positive control and the SP2/0 ascites injected group as negative control. The results showed that the size and volume of hepatic egg granulomas in the NP30 sensitized group increased obviously 4 days after egg injection and that a large number of eosinophiles appeared in egg granulomas. The size and volume of egg granulomas reached the peak values at d8 and d15 after egg injection, respectively. The peak values of the NP30 sensitized group were similar to those of the SEA sensitized group (P > 0.05). The size and volume of egg granulomas in the SP2/0 ascites injected group did not reach the peak values, which were less than those of the group sensitized with NP30 (size: P < 0.05; volume: P < 0.01), until d32 after egg injection. Our study suggests that NP30 may play a sensitizing role in the formation of hepatic egg granulomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[In vivo tissue distribution of laryngeal cancer drained lymph node lymphocytes in tumor-bearing mice].

The distribution of 3H-TdR labeled human laryngeal cancer drained lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) to human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were traced in PHC3 bearing nude mice, and the radioactivity in tissues was detected. 30.7% labeled cells were localized in live in first day after transfer, and a few in lung, spleen and kidney. Labeled cells were reduced weekly and by the end of the fourth week there were still 4.3% in live, but very few were detected in the tumor site. This indicated that cancer drained LNL had no specificity to tumor, and could not infiltrate into tumor sites. So besides directly attacking tumor cells in vivo, possibly, there are some indirect mechanisms to mediate tumor regression.

Animals↗