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Y Y Lien

Publications and source records attributed to Y Y Lien.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA for three species of Eimeria from chickens in Taiwan.

Coccidiosis of chickens caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria (Coccidia: Eimeriidae) is an enteric disease that results in great economic losses throughout the world, including Taiwan. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific for the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), three species of Eimeria, E. tenella, E. maxima, and E. acervulina have been successfully characterised from chickens in Taiwan. The sizes of PCR products from various isolates representing these three species were between 370 and 580 base pairs (bp). After cloning and sequencing of the PCR products, high nucleotide sequence identity (96.8-100%) was observed within a species. In addition, ITS-2 nucleotide sequences for E. tenella had higher homology (98.5-99.3%) than E. maxima (81.6-96.5%) when compared with appropriate sequences deposited in GenBank. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a 412-bp ITS-2 sequence for E. acervulina from chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Unusual pox lesions found in Chinese jungle mynahs (Acridotheres cristatellus).

Pox lesions involving feathered and unfeathered skin, the oral cavity and the uropygial gland were found in Chinese jungle mynahs. Characteristic intracytoplasmic inclusions were detected in the proliferative cells of all lesions. Ultrastructurally, the virus particles consisted of a convoluted outer membrane enclosing lateral bodies and a biconcave central core, typical for poxvirus. The nucleotide sequences of the amplicon obtained with a set of primers for the 4b core protein of fowl poxvirus revealed that the mynah poxvirus was phylogenetically related to wood pigeon poxvirus. This is the first report of poxvirus infection affecting the uropygial gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

B-haplotype control of CD4/CD8 subsets and TCR V beta usage in chicken T lymphocytes.

The major histocompatibility (B) complex of the chicken contains genes similar to Class I (B-F) and Class II (B-L beta) genes in mammals, as well as a highly-polymorphic gene family (B-G) whose exact function is not known. Specific B-haplotypes are strongly associated with resistance to a number of infectious diseases, and with immune responses to soluble and cellular antigens. In mammals, Class I and Class II molecules control development of the T cell repertoire, including selection of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. One study of chickens reported that low CD4:CD8 ratio was associated with the B4 haplotype, which shares expressed B-F/B-L genes with the B13 haplotype. In studies reported here, chickens of two haplotypes carried in the Auburn R line, B302 and B305 (which is B13-related), were evaluated for percentages of T cells expressing the CD4, CD8, CD3, TCR1, TCR2 and TCR3 antigens in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), thymus, and spleen. These two haplotypes were chosen for comparison because they differ in resistance to Marek's disease (MD) and are closely-related in B-F and B-L genes by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Homozygous birds of each B haplotype were produced from crosses of (B302 x B305)F1 sires and dams. PBL, thymocytes, and splenocytes from B302 homozygotes had higher CD4:CD8 ratios than B305 homozygotes. However, CD4:CD8 ratio differences could not be attributed to haplotype-controlled differences in V beta usage within CD4/CD8 subsets, as has been described for certain V beta families in mice and humans. These results indicate that thymic selection events involving CD4 and CD8 subsets and TCR V beta usage are controlled by a gene or genes closely-linked to the B-complex, which may or may not be Class I or Class II genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Multiple myeloma protein with three light chains.

A case of immunoglobulin G (kappa) myeloma showed, in addition to the monoclonal IgG(kappa) arc, two kappa chains in the serum. The urine specimen contained 7.75 g of kappa chains per liter. The electrophoretically fast-moving kappa chain in serum was shown by immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony immunodiffusion to be a complex of kappa chains and alpha 1-antitrypsin. This complex, which was detected only transiently in the patient's blood, was composed of a monomeric kappa chain bound to the antitrypsin by a disulfide bond. The predisposing factor for the formation of this complex is unclear, but patients showing this complex usually have kappa type myeloma protein and excrete kappa chain in urine at more than 1 g/L. The relationship between chemotherapy and formation of the kappa chain-antitrypsin complex needs further investigation.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1981

Synthesis of immunoglobulin within the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. Detection by analysis of CSF/serum IgG ratio.

This study included 49 patients with clinical multiple sclerosis (MS), 105 patients with other neurological diseases (OND), and 30 controls. It compared seven assays for CNS IgG synthesis with the oligoclonal banding (agarose electrophoresis) method. A newly developed assay which determined the differences between the measured and calculated CSF/serum IgG ratio (M-C value), using albumin as a reference protein, was particularly sensitive to the diagnosis of MS. In 40/46 (87%) of patients with MS, the M-C value was 0.001 or more, while oligoclonal banding was found in CSF of 38/49 (78%). In the 30 controls, the M-C value was invariably less than 0.001 and oligoclonal banding was not found. In patients with OND, 26/104 (25%) had an M-C value of 0.001 of greater while 11/105 (11%) had oligoclonal banding in CSF. The M-C value also offers a convenient means of quantifying CNS IgG synthesis during disease activity of treatment. It is concluded that the combined use of the oligoclonal banding method and the M-C value determination gives the greatest predictive value for the diagnosis of MS.

Albumins↗
PubMed1979

Study of gammopathies with immunofixation electrophoresis.

Immunofixation electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis were compared in 60 samples (51 sera and 9 urines) containing apparently homogenous bands, detected by electrophoresis. To determine the correlation with clinical findings, the patients were divided into three groups: (1) symptomatic with monoclonal immunoelectrophoretic patterns; (2) asymptomatic with monoclonal immunoelectrophoretic patterns; (3) asymptomatic with polyclonal immunoelectrophoretic patterns. The results from immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis were consistent with each other in all cases of Groups I and III in terms of clonality (i.e., whether monoclonal or polyclonal) and immunoglobulin class; whereas in Group II, which was composed of asymptomatic patients, two sera and three urines were identified to have monoclonal changes by immunoelectrophoresis but polyclonal changes by immunofixation electrophoresis. It is recommended that immunoelectrophoresis still be used for routine clinical service, but supplemented by immunofixation electrophoresis in equivocal cases, namely: (1) light-chain changes masked by an umbrella effect of immunoglobulin G (IgG); (2) abnormal bands located in atypical areas or overlapped with a normal serum protein; (3) a normal-looking "free" light chain present in the urine, mimicking Bence Jones protein; (4) controversial cases of biclonal gammopathy; (5) mini-monoclonal or oligoclonal protein bands; (6) immune complexes.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Misdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

A total of 979 cardiac profiles were reviewed. Seventeen cases were found to have elevated CK-BB by electrophoresis and were misidentified by the immunoinhibition/immunoprecipitation technique as elevated creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB). Eleven of the 17 cases also had elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LD) LD-5/LD-1 ratio; five cases were motor vehicle accident (MVA), four cases were prostatic carcinoma (PC), and one case each of breast carcinoma and coronary heart disease. One case of PC and one of MVA with a preliminary clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were presented. Our findings underscore the importance of electrophoretic confirmation of the presence of CK-MB when detected by a quantitative technique. Clinicians should consider the possibilities of PC or other cancers when elevated "CK-MB" is present in conjunction with a raised LD-5/LD-1 ratio in patients who fail to show clear-cut clinical evidence of AMI. The mechanism of elevated CK-BB and LD-5/LD-1 ratio in PC patients are discussed.

Aged↗