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Y Yase

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yase.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

High aluminum deposition in the central nervous system of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from the Kii Peninsula, Japan: two case reports.

We report two cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in which metal analysis revealed markedly higher aluminum concentration in the central nervous system (CNS) as well as higher calcium and lower magnesium concentration and higher Ca/Mg ratios compared with controls. Case 1 was a 55-year-old housewife and total duration of illness was 2 years and 2 mon from onset of clinical symptom. Case 2 was a 80-year-old woman and total duration of illness was 10 mon. Results showed that neither were exposed to toxic environments nor any neurologic disease in the past history. Postmortem examination disclosed motor neuron death and degeneration of pyramidal tracts. The significance of metal metabolism in pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of magnesium in central nervous system tissue, trabecular and cortical bone in rats fed with unbalanced diets of minerals.

Recent epidemiological changes in patterns of foci of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Western Pacific suggest that environmental factors play a contributory role in the pathogenic process of this disorder. In this experimental study on rats, a similar situation of dietary mineral imbalance was created as is found in the soil and drinking water of these ALS foci with a low content of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) and a high content of aluminum (Al). In groups of rats fed a low Ca diet, low Ca-Mg diet, and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet, serum Ca levels were found to be lower than those in a group fed a standard diet. Also, serum Mg levels were lower in the groups fed a low Ca-Mg diet and a low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet than in the groups fed a standard diet and only a low Ca diet. There was no significant difference in Mg content of central nervous system (CNS) tissues of groups fed unbalanced and standard diets, except for a significant decrease in Mg content of the spinal cord of rats fed a low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet. Mg content of the lumbar spine and cortical bone decreased in the unbalanced diet groups compared with that of a group fed a standard diet. These findings suggest that under the disturbed bone mineralization induced by unbalanced mineral diets, Mg may be mobilized from bone to maintain the level necessary for vital activity in soft tissues including CNS tissue.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Determination of manganese concentrations in the spinal cords from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy.

Continuing analytical studies on environmental factors in the foci of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Kii Peninsula of Japan and Guam, and metal analysis using neutron activation analysis in central nervous system (CNS) tissues from ALS cases indicate that chronic exposure to metals such as aluminum and manganese, together with a deficiency of minerals such as calcium and magnesium, may play a causative role in the neurodegeneration seen in ALS. An accurate and simple method for detecting minerals and trace metals in small, fresh samples of CNS tissue is necessary in order to follow the pathogenetic behavior of these elements. In this paper, we describe a method for measuring manganese (Mn) content in CNS tissue samples taken from mouse brain using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy and present results of the determination of Mn contents in spinal cord samples from ALS cases using the same method. ICP emission spectroscopy is considered to have great advantage for the simultaneous determination of elements in small, fresh CNS samples because of its simplicity and convenience, and the elimination of the necessity to use potentially dangerous acids. Results showed that the mean concentration of Mn in a mouse brain (0.56 microgram/g) and in human spinal cords (0.39 microgram/g wet weight in the anterior horn, 0.37 in the lateral fasciculus, 0.39 in the posterior horn and 0.28 in the posterior fasciculus) were compatible with results previously reported using other methods. In ALS spinal cords, the mean content of Mn was similar to that of controls, but the distribution differed. In the ALS cases, Mn contents were higher in the anterior horn and lateral fasciculus than in the posterior horn.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1990

Magnesium concentration in brains from multiple sclerosis patients.

Magnesium (Mg) concentrations were studied in the brains of 4 patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) and 5 controls. The magnesium contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry in autopsy samples taken from 26 sites of central nervous system tissues, and visceral organs such as liver, spleen, kidney, heart and lung. The average Mg content in the CNS tissues, as well as visceral organs except for spleen, of MS patients showed a significantly lower value than that seen in control cases. The most marked reduction of Mg content was observed in CNS white matter including demyelinated plaques of MS samples. Whether or not these significantly lower Mg contents found in CNS and visceral organs of MS patients may play an essential role in the demyelinating process remain unclear, requiring further studies on MS pathogenesis from the point of metal metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Resemblance of magnesium and zinc distribution in soft tissues and bone of rats fed unbalanced mineral diets in situ].

Although the role of zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) in situ may be of a critical importance in replication, transcription and repair of DNA, to our knowledge, the relationship between Mg and Zn has been described. This study, therefore, was designed experimentally to investigate the relationship between Mg and Zn in soft tissues and bone of rats after fortification of unbalanced mineral diets, and minerals and metals in soft tissues and bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. In the groups fed low calcium (Ca) diet, low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet, serum Mg level was lower in the group fed low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet than those in the groups fed standard diet and low Ca diet. However, there was no significant difference in Mg content of CNS tissues in rats fed unbalanced and standard diets except for that in the spinal cord of rats fed low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet. Whereas, Zn content of CNS showed lower values in the unbalanced mineral diet groups, especially in all CNS regions of the low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet group, than those in the standard and the low Ca diet group. And Zn contents in heart, kidney and abdominal aorta of rats fed low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet were more decreased than those of the standard and the low Ca diet groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aluminum↗
PubMed1990

[Distribution of calcium and magnesium in soft tissues, especially in the central nervous system, and bone of rats fed with low calcium-magnesium with or without aluminum loading diets].

Current epidemiological investigations in the Western Pacific area have suggested that the environmental factors contribute to the pathogenetic process of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The condition of unbalanced minerals found in soil and drinking water of ALS foci with low content of Ca and Mg plus high content of Al was experimentally mimicked in this study using rats. In the groups fed with low calcium diet, low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet, serum calcium levels were lower than those in the group fed with standard diet. Also serum Mg levels were lower in the groups fed with low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet than in the group fed with standard diet and low Ca diet. However, there was no significant difference in Mg content of the central nervous system (CNS) tissues of groups with unbalanced and standard diets except for that in spinal cord of rats fed with low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet, determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. On the other hand, Ca content of CNS showed higher values in the unbalanced diet groups, especially in spinal cord of the low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet group, than those in the standard diet group. And Ca content in heart, liver, kidney and abdominal aorta of rats fed with both low Ca-Mg diet and low Ca-Mg plus high Al diet increased that those of standard and low Ca diet groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aluminum↗
PubMed1989

[Aluminum deposition and Ca-hydroxyapatite formation in frontal cortex tissue of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].

To investigate a possible participatory role of an environmental metals in a pathogenetic process of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), elementary and structural analyses of calcified substance in frontal cortex (percental gyrus) tissues of ALS patients were conducted using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray diffraction methods, as compared with control subjects. In the results of PIXE analysis, aluminum (Al) and calcium (Ca) contents in the frontal cortex tissues of the ALS patients were significantly increased with a high calcium (Ca)/phosphorus (P) Ca-hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAp). Although the content of peak ratio, as compared with those of control subjects. Only the Al content in the ALS patients showed significantly negative correlations with age at onset and/or at death. X-ray diffraction patterns from the sample (ashed at low temperature) of the frontal cortex tissues of the ALS patients were very similar to those from a standard sample of Ca-hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAp). Although the content of Ca-HAp in the mixed sample of frontal cortex tissues from the ten control subjects were not detectable (less than 3ppm), those of the ALS patients were markedly high, i.e., 111ppm in the mixed sample of five young patients with age under 60 and 168ppm in that of five old patients with age over 60. These results strongly indicated that Al may induce a calcifying degeneration in the CNS tissue of ALS patients, consequently leading to Ca-HAp formation as the final chemical compound.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Progressive neurogenic muscle atrophy with fasciculation in mice treated with IDPN.

Spontaneous discharges recorded on the EMG appeared in experimental mice given repeated doses of IDPN according to a time schedule. Spontaneous discharges showing a polyphasic pattern and duration of over 10 ms were considered to be fasciculations. One group of mice, treated with IDPN for 4 weeks became active with an increase in muscle volume 2 months after initiation of experiment; spontaneous discharges were recorded in this group at 3-4 weeks after first IDPN injection and disappeared at 4 months. Histologically, neurogenic muscle atrophy, in terms of group atrophy of muscles, was seen in muscles of mice exhibiting spontaneous discharge patterns. Peripheral nerves showed marked atrophy with degeneration. Dissociation of neurofilaments and other organelles was observed. Axonal swellings, filled with numerous maloriented neurofilaments, were confirmed in the lumbar cord. IDPN given repeatedly to mice at a certain dose causes degeneration of the peripheral nerves and results in neurogenic muscle atrophy.

Action Potentials↗