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Biomedical subjects

Y Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yoshimura.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The changes in tumor markers such as serum CEA, CA 19-9, TPA and CA 125 in the chemotherapy of patients with advanced gastric cancer].

Twenty-five patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy. The levels of serum CEA, CA 19-9, TPA and CA 125 were measured before and during chemotherapy (4 and 8 weeks). One complete and 10 partial responses were obtained, and the response rate was 44%. Pretreatment positive rates of these four tumor markers were all more than 60%, and the positive rate of combination assay was 96%. The mean percent changes of these four tumor markers were similar and correlated well with the response to chemotherapy. There was a significant correlation between tumor reduction and decrease of serum CEA in the responders with measurable lesions. These results suggest that the measurement of changes of serum tumor markers may be useful for monitoring the response to chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer. It also may be useful to determine early the effectiveness of the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Direct evidence for ATP consumption due to iodide uptake by isolated, uncultured, pig thyroid epithelial cells.

The concept that iodide uptake by thyroid requires a supply of ATP is currently accepted. However, there is little direct evidence that the extents of iodide uptake and ATP consumption are correlated. To demonstrate this correlation, we used isolated, uncultured pig thyroid epithelial cells in basal media containing only glucose and the cations necessary for Na+,K(+)-ATPase, which prevented other possible cellular activities requiring ATP. The isolated cells were sensitive to various metabolic inhibitors of ATP-generating systems, confirming that they were intact. The extents of increase in iodide uptake and decrease in ATP content of the cells were entirely dependent on the presence of the cations, and were closely correlated with each other. Furthermore, the ATP content was not reduced in the absence of NaI, even when all necessary cations for the ATPase were present. These findings provide direct evidence for a correlation between the extents of iodide uptake and ATP consumption. Cells in medium with Mg alone did not show iodide incorporation or ATP consumption, confirming that Mg2(+)-dependent ATPase does not contribute to iodide uptake by the thyroid.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Variations in manganese effect on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases from the thyroid and liver of the mouse and an evidence for non-interchangeability of manganese and magnesium.

Both manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) are known to activate 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH). Yet in the present study none of the metal ions stimulated 6-PGDH from the thyroid of mice, but Mn alone stimulated the enzyme from the liver. Such a stimulatory effect of Mn on the liver enzyme was seen regardless of the presence of Mg, This suggests that the reaction sites for the two ions must be apart from one another or that the affinity of Mn is stronger than that of Mg. The enzyme preparations from livers of those mice which had been administered intraperitoneally with excess of Mn for 1 - 14 days were greatly stimulated by further in vitro addition of Mn, whereas the enzyme sources from the thyroids thus treated were almost insensitive to Mn in vitro. The results indicate that cellular Mn hardly reaches the levels for maximal stimulation of the enzyme in the liver. In addition, some sex difference was observed in the Mn effect on 6-PGDH from the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Possible involvement of leukotriene B4 on human luteal function: special reference to determination of leukotriene B4 produced by cultured luteal cells].

The present study was undertaken to determine the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) by cultured human luteal cells in the mid-luteal phase using a reverse phase column (C8). The luteal cells were cultured with or without hCG at 100 ng/ml for 8 days. In the preliminary experiment, methods for extracting culture media samples were assessed prior to radioimmunoassay. Reverse phase column C8, but not C18, made possible the determination of LTB4 produced by human luteal cells. Progesterone (P) production by cultured luteal cells reached its maximum on day 4 following exposure to hCG, and then declined gradually. The concentrations of LTB4 produced by luteal cells varied from 100 to 500 pg/10(5) cells/2 days. However, exposure to hCG did not affect LTB4 production by cultured luteal cells. The level of LTB4 in culture medium (115.0 +/- 37.8 pg/10(5) cells/2 days) was reduced on day 4, but increased thereafter. LTB4 production appeared to decrease concomitantly with increased P production of cultured luteal cells. In conclusion, cultured luteal cells produced considerable amounts of LTB4 throughout the entire culture period. These results suggest that lipoxygenase activity of luteal cells may be closely related to steroidogenic potential.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Progesterone protects oocytes from premature degeneration within the follicle.

The present study was designed to determine the effects of gestrinone (R2323) in the process of follicle rupture and oocyte maturation and degeneration in an in vitro perfused rabbit ovary model. In the first experiment, R2323 at 10(2), 10(3), or 10(4) ng/ml was added to the perfusate of one ovary. The contralateral control ovary was perfused simultaneously with medium alone. Thirty minutes after the onset of perfusion, 50IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was added to the perfusate of both ovaries. All ovaries exposed to R2323 plus hCG or hCG alone ovulated. The addition of R2323 to the perfusate did not affect the ovulatory efficiency of ovaries treated with hCG. No significant difference in the percentage of ovulated ova or follicular oocytes demonstrating germinal vesicle breakdown was seen with R2323 treatment. R2323 increased the degeneration rate of ovulated ova in a dose-dependent fashion. In the second experiment, in which experimental ovaries were perfused with R2323 (10(4) ng/ml) plus progesterone (10(3) ng/ml) and the control ovaries with R2323 (10(4) ng/ml) alone ovulation occurred in response to hCG. However, the addition of progesterone to the perfusate reduced the degeneration-inducing effect of R2323 on both ovulated ova and follicular oocytes. In conclusion, R2323 appears to act as an antiprogesterone, thereby promoting the degeneration of oocytes. The increased production of progesterone in the preovulatory follicle following the gonadotropin surge protects oocytes from premature degeneration within the follicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Intraventricular arachnoid cyst appearing with attacks of orbital pain: case report and review of the literature].

While there have been 5 cases of intraventricular arachnoid cyst published in the literature, the occurrence in the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle has not been reported. We report a case of intraventricular arachnoid cyst of the anterior horn causing attacks of orbital pain. A 30-year-old man was admitted with frequent attacks of orbital pain on his right side. Neurological examination revealed no abnormality. Plain CT showed a cystic dilatation of the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and enhanced CT showed a deviation of the septal veins to the left side. T1-weighted MRI demonstrated a low-intensity mass in the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and T2-weighted image demonstrated the mass as having high intensity. PEG in the sitting position showed no filling of air into the right lateral ventricle due to obstruction of the right foramen of Monro. The patient underwent an operation under a diagnosis of intraventricular benign cyst. The cyst wall was subtotally removed and the right foramen of Monro was opened. Histological examination of the specimen showed an arachnoid membrane with prolific collagen fibers. From an embryological point of view, the arachnoid membrane is derived from the arachnoid cell. We think intraventricular arachnoid cysts to originate from the remnants of the arachnoid cell on the tela choroidea or on the choroid plexus like intraventricular meningiomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with danazol].

Glucocorticoid and androgen therapy have been used with moderate success in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). However, both are poorly tolerated, especially in women, although the side effects of glucocorticoid can be diminished by alternate day therapy. We have treated two patients with PNH with danazol. One of patient is man, 64 years old age with stomach cancer, and the other patient is 34-year-old man. Their disease has existed for 6-14 years. They required many blood transfusions, their hemoglobins ranging between 7.1 and 9.9 grams per deciliter. When treated with danazol by mouth, the hemoglobin level increased approximately 2 to 5 grams in each patient within 3 week, and clinical hemoglobinuria improved. None of the patients has had any side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Oocyte fertilizability and hormonal environment of human preovulatory follicles in hyperstimulated cycles in an in vitro fertilization program: Are mature preovulatory follicles undergoing atresia?].

Steroid hormones in preovulatory follicular fluid, maturity of the oocyte-corona-cumulus complex (OCCC), and oocyte fertilizability were studied in 55 hyperstimulated cycles in 40 patients who were indicated for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer due to tubal infertility. Aspirated follicles were categorized into four groups according to the degree of oocyte maturation and fertilizability, i.e. follicle (Fol)-1 (non-fertilized, intermediate maturation), Fol-2 (fertilized, intermediate maturation), Fol-3 (fertilized, full maturation), and Fol-4 (non-fertilized, full maturation). Estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and delta 4- androstenedione (delta 4A) concentrations were highest in Fol-3, being lower in Fol-2 and Fol-1 sequentially. Fol-3 contained significantly more E2 and P than did Fol-1, showing that the degree of oocyte maturation and fertilizability correlate with concentrations of E2 and P in the follicles. A comparison of Fol-3 and Fol-4 revealed significantly higher concentrations of delta 4A in Fol-4, whereas differences in E2 and P concentrations were not significant although Fol-4 values were lower. This comparison indicated that Fol-4 were already undergoing atresia at the time of oocyte retrieval, containing morphologically mature OCCC which had lost fertilizability. This study shows that steroid hormones in the follicular fluid reflect oocyte viability and fertilizability, and suggests that preovulatory follicles with mature oocytes can also undergo atresia.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1990

Open treatment with drainage for ingrowing toenail.

As a radical treatment of ingrowing toenail, labiomatricetomy is accepted among plastic surgeons. However, postoperative hematoma or infection, or both, is the problem when sutures are placed between the nail and nail fold. We have added a drainage procedure to the standard labiomatricectomy, which can be done on an outpatient basis. Ninety-eight patients were observed during a six month period. Three patients who had had steroid therapy had suppuration postoperatively, while all of the other patients had an uneventful recovery period. Recurrence was seen in three patients who suffered from onychogryposis, which may require some other method of treatment. Complications were seen in early instances, three inclusion cysts with infection and three nail spikes. Technical error caused these complications, and these have disappeared with the use of this technique.

Drainage↗
PubMed1990

[Transarterial hepatic embolization of metastatic liver cancers with reference to 17 cases of survival for more than 2 years].

The evaluation of TAE was studied for 73 patients with metastatic liver cancers but without metastasis in other organs, who were treated with initial TAE more than 2 years ago. Seventeen patients survived for more than 2 years. The primary lesions consisted of colon cancer in 9 patients, the Langerhans islet cell tumor of the pancreas in 4, gastric cancers in 2, breast cancer in 1 and leiomyosarcoma of the colon in 1. The overall 2-year survival rate calculated by the direct method was 23.3% and mean survival period was 15.8 months. The prognosis was good in H1 and V3. Lp-TAE produced better effects but no statistically significant difference was found between the 2-year survivals by Lp-TAE and by GS-TAE.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Involvement of plasminogen activator activity in the process of ovulation.

The present study was undertaken to determine the changes in follicular plasminogen activator (PA) activity during ovulation. In the first experiment, hCG (100 IU) administration in vivo enhanced PA activity in mature follicles within 1 hour. PA activity reached its maximum at 4 hours and then declined. A second peak occurred 8 hours after hCG administration. In the second experiment, the effects of an ovulatory dose (50 IU) of hCG on ovulatory efficiency and PA activity were assessed in mature and immature follicles with an in vitro perfused rabbit ovary preparation. Ovulatory efficiency in immature follicles was significantly less (p less than 0.01) (16.7 +/- 4.5%) than that in mature follicles (86.7 +/- 11.0%). During the perfusion, the growth of mature follicles was observed but not that of immature follicles. PA activity in mature follicles derived from unstimulated ovaries was 1.43 +/- 0.17 IU/g tissue. PA activity in mature follicles (28.4 +/- 4.2 IU/g tissue) 4 hours after in vitro exposure to hCG was significantly greater (p less than 0.01) than that found in immature follicles. In conclusion, exposure to gonadotropin stimulates PA activity in preovulatory follicles. Failure to increase PA activity in immature follicles impairs follicular development, resulting in reduced ovulatory efficiency. The increase in PA activity observed in ovulatory follicles implicates the plasmin-generating system in follicle rupture.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

DNA-dependent mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p33, an acceptor protein in hen liver nuclei.

A non-histone acceptor protein for hen liver nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase was purified to an apparently homogeneous state through salt extraction and chromatography on hydroxyapatite, phenyl-Sepharose, carboxy-methyl-cellulose, Sephadex G-75, phenyl 5-PW, mono S and Radial PAK C18. This protein was termed p33. The ADP-ribosylation of p33 was enhanced more than 60-fold by double-stranded DNA. Single-stranded DNA, RNA and poly(L-glutamate), but not deoxyribonucleotide, were partially effective. DNA-dependent ADP-ribosylation was also observed when whole histones were used as acceptor. DNA required for the maximal ADP-ribosylation depended on the dose of the acceptor protein; the optimal mass ratio of DNA to the acceptor protein was 1:1 with both p33 and whole histones. DNA decreased the Km for NAD and concomitantly increased the Vmax value, but did not alter the Km for p33. These results are consistent with the idea that p33 may participate in chromatin processes such as replication or transcription, through modification by nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase.

ADP Ribose Transferases↗
PubMed1989

Surgical correction of complete bifid scrotum using subcutaneous pedicle flaps; a report of two cases.

A method of surgical correction for the separation and severe transposition of the scrotum associated with perineal hypospadias is reported. Although this is a rare congenital anomaly, we have treated two cases in the past 7 years. A technique has been devised by which the scrotum is divided into two subcutaneous pedicle flaps, enabling complete correction of the transposed penis and scrotum.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Xanthine:acceptor oxidoreductase activities in ischemic rat skin flaps.

Xanthine:acceptor oxidoreductase activities were assayed in free skin flaps following prolonged preservation. In normal rat skin, xanthine dehydrogenase transfers electrons to NAD+ and accounts for 73% of total oxidoreductase activity, and xanthine oxidase transfers electrons to molecular oxygen and accounts for the remaining 27%. Xanthine oxidase activity increased significantly in skin flaps during ischemia: approximately 30 and 100% increases after 6 and 24 hr of ischemia, respectively. Allopurinol inhibited xanthine oxidoreductase activity: free skin flaps obtained from allopurinol-treated animals exhibited a low level of xanthine oxidoreductase activity throughout the period of preservation. Systemic allopurinol significantly improved the survival rate from 32 to 75% of free flaps transferred after 24 hr of preservation at room temperature. These observations suggest that the xanthine oxidase system is a major source of oxygen free radicals following ischemia/reperfusion in skin. The increase in xanthine oxidase is attributable to the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase, a conversion which involves sulfhydryl oxidation in skin flaps.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1989

Sonographic examination of sialolithiasis.

Ultrasound examination for sialolithiasis was carried out in ten cases, and the findings were compared with those from sialography. Salivary stones were recognized as high-level reverberation echoes accompanied by posterior acoustic shadows in eight cases, whereas in the remaining two they appeared only as hyperechoic masses. In a case of sialolithiasis of the parotid gland that was difficult to detect by simple radiographic examination, a salivary stone was detected by both sialographic and ultrasonographic examination. Clearly separated salivary stones were also easily detected in each case by the ultrasonographic method, but multiple, gathered calculi were not precisely detected. The smallest sialolith that could be detected was approximately 2 x 3 mm in size. The rate of detection of salivary stones by using the ultrasonographic method was as high as that from using sialography. Because the examination is simple and noninvasive, its use to evaluate sialolithiasis is probably indicated more frequently, especially when there is acute infection in the gland.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ethylidene glucose-substituted new analogue of streptozotocin cannot induce diabetes: study on the basis of structure and activity relationship.

4,6-O-Ethylidene glucose (ethylidene glucose), a specific inhibitor at the outer surface of a glucose transporter in the cell membranes, substituted analogue of streptozotocin was newly synthesized. This compound did not induce diabetes in rats and also did not show cytotoxic effect on pancreatic beta cells of neonatal rats in a monolayer culture system. The reasons why such a molecule was designed and why it showed no biological effects are discussed on the basis of a structure-activity relationship. Our results afford positive evidence for the presence of a glucose transport system or a glucose transporter on pancreatic beta cells and its involvement in the action of streptozotocin on beta cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Clinical experience in the induction of ovulation and pregnancy with pulsatile subcutaneous administration of human menopausal gonadotropin: a low incidence of multiple pregnancy.

The pulsatile subcutaneous administration of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was used for induction of ovulation in 26 patients with hypothalamic/pituitary amenorrhea or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). Ovulation was observed in 116 (90.6%) of 128 treatment cycles, and 15 (16 treatment cycles) of 26 patients became pregnant. All 14 fetuses, excluding two pregnancies interrupted spontaneously at weeks 6 and 9, were singleton conceptions. Ovarian hyperstimulation was observed in 15.6% of treatment cycles. Five patients with PCO who failed to conceive on the hMG regimen also received pulsatile FSH administration. Although ovulation rates in PCO patients did not differ significantly between the hMG (88.1%) and FSH (88.2%) regimens, a significant reduction in the average dose of FSH (P less than 0.05) was observed with pulsatile FSH administration. Furthermore, the number of patients who conceived during the FSH regimen was significantly greater than that found with hMG treatment. The present data demonstrate that pulsatile subcutaneous administration of hMG or FSH is effective in induction of successful ovulation and establishment of singleton pregnancy in patients with various types of anovulatory infertility.

Adult↗