Biomedical subjects

Ya-Jia Lan

Publications and source records attributed to Ya-Jia Lan.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Occupational stress and job burnout in doctors].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of job burnout in doctors and its relationship with occupational stress. METHODS: A total of 561 doctors from three provincial hospitals were randomly selected. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) was used to identify job burnout. The occupation stress inventory revised edition (OSI-R) was used to evaluate the level of occupational stress. RESULTS: Surgeon and doctors working in the internal medicine wards scored significantly higher in job burnout than their colleagues (P < 0.05). The 30-40 years of age group scored highest in exhaustion. The score of professional efficacy decreased with age and increased with educational levels. Role overload, responsibility, physical environment, reaction and self-care were major predictors for exhaustion. Role insufficiency, role overload and responsibility were major predictors for cynicism. Role insufficiency, social support and rational/cognitive were major predictors for professional efficacy. CONCLUSION: Maintaining moderate professional duty and responsibility, clearly defining job requirements, enriching leisure activities, and improving self-care ability are important measures to preventing job burnout.

Burnout, Professional↗

PubMed2006

[Study on the occupational stress norm and it's application for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group].

OBJECTIVE: A study of the occupational stress norm and it's application for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group. METHODS: In this study, cross-sectional study method is used, and a synthetic way of sorting and randomized sampling is adopted to deal with research targets (36 marketing group, 331 public service/safety group, 903 production laborer group). RESULTS: Descriptive statistics for OSI-R scale scores for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group were modulated. Scale raw score to T-score conversion tables derived from the OSI-R normative sample for marketing group public service/safety group and production laborer group were established. OSI-R profile from for marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group were established. For the ORQ and PSQ scales, scores at or above 70 indicate a strong levels of maladaptive stress and strain. Score in the range of 60 to 69 suggest middle levels of maladaptive stress and strain. Score in the range of 40 to 59 indicate normal levels of stress and strain. Score below 40 indicate a relative absence of occupational stress and strain. For the PRQ scales, score below 30 indicate a significant lack of coping resources. Score in the range of 30 to 39 suggest middle deficits in coping resources. Score in the range of 40 to 59 indicate average coping resources. Scores at or above 60 indicate a strong levels of coping resources. CONCLUSION: The authors combined subjective and objective environment match model of occupational stress. Different intervention measure should be take to reduce the occupational stress so as to improve the work ability.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Study on relationship between fatigue and work ability in chemistry workers].

OBJECTIVE: Explore the relationship between fatigue and work ability in 976 chemistry workers. METHODS: A test of fatigue and work ability was carried out with fatigue scale and work ability index (WAI) for 976 workers, other influence factors of the work ability (such as work environment, labor load, job factors) were investigated with questionnaire. RESULTS: (1) The frequency of fatigue of the unmarried workers was significantly lower than that of the married workers and other marital status workers, while the score of WAI of the unmarried was significantly higher than that of those( P < 0.05); (2) the frequency of fatigue of the mental workers was significantly lower than that of the mixed physical and mental workers, while the score of WAI of the mental workers was significantly higher than that of physical workers and mixed physical and mental workers ( P < 0.05); (3) compared with the workers free of fatigue, the other workers had lower WAI scores; (4) the fatigue score correlated negatively to the WAI score (r = -0.499, P < 0.01); (5) Cumulative odds model analysis showed that after controlling the other risk factors, fatigue was an important risk factor of work ability (OR = 4.005). CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue has affected work ability in chemistry workers, the frequency of fatigue is higher, the score of WAI is lower.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Study on relationship between coping resources and strain in mental workers].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of mental workers' coping resources on their strain. METHODS: Strain (vocational strain, psychological strain, interpersonal strain, physical strain) and coping resources (recreation, self-care, social support, rational coping) were measured on 3379 mental workers with personal strain questionnaire (PSQ) and personal resources questionnaire (PRQ). RESULTS: There existed significantly negative correlations between PRQ and PSQ (P < 0.01). In PRQ, social support (SS) and rational coping (RC) had the closest relationships with PSQ. In the items of SS, those related to feeling support had more remission on strain. In the items of RC, those related to reasonable arrangement of time and anti-interference had more remission on strain. In the items of recreation (RE), those related to self-determination had more effects on the remission of strain, while indulging in watching TV could cause the strength of strain, and there was a positive correlation between watching TV and strain (P < 0.01). In the items of self-care (SC), sufficient sleeping had the most effects on the remission of strain in the all 40 items of PRQ, while not being immersed in contemplation had a positive correlation with strain (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Enhancing coping resources, especially sufficient sleeping, feeling support and reasonable arrangement of time, were the important measures for the remission of mental worker' strain.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2005

[On the association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to silicosis].

OBJECTIVE: To find out whether -308 and -238 locus (G --> A) mutation within the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene (TNF-alpha) promoter region are associated with susceptibility to silicosis in the Han population of southwest China. METHODS: Governed by the principles of voluntatiness and cooperation, 75 patients with silicosis and 137 control with silica-exposure but without silicosis were recruited, and additionally, 140 elderly patients with silicosis and 135 healthy elderly (retired) controls were recruited in this case-control study. 5 ml peripheral vein blood was drawn from each subject. By means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing techniques, TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms of all subjects were analyzed. RESULTS: The frequencies of TNF-alpha -308A and -238A in the 75 patients with silicosis were higher than those in the 137 controls (P < 0.01). After being adjusted for confounding factors, the -308A and the -238A were still associated with the presence of silicosis (P < 0.01). But the frequency of TNF-alpha -308A in the 140 elderly patients was significantly lower than that in the controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TNF-alpha gene -308 and -238 locus (G --> A) mutation might be related to the occurrence of silicosis and the severity of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis among the Han population of southwest China, and TNF2 (-308A) allele might increase the risk of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Investigation on smoking status of medical professionals in Chengdu City and on intervention for tobacco control].

OBJECTIVE: To illuminate the current smoking status of medical professionals, understand their knowledge, attitude and practice about tobacco control, then apply a comprehensive model to intervention, and finally evaluate the effectiveness. METHODS: 932 medical professionals from 3 hospitals were surveyed with questionnaire on their smoking status, knowledge, attitude and practice about tobacco control. One of the hospitals was taken as intervention group, the others served as control. RESULTS: The smoking rate in male was 49.7%, and in female 0.2%; male smokers were mostly surgeons and medical technicians. As to knowledge, most of medical professionals knew the relationship between lung cancer, heart disease and smoking, but less than 50% knew the relationship between childhood tympanitis, sudden infant death syndrome and passive smoking. As to attitude, 86.2% non-smokers opposed "passive smoking was harmless", but only 70.4% smokers opposed so; the difference between them was significant; 87.5% non-smokers agreed to take economic measure to punish the smokers who violate tobacco control regulations, but only 68.1% smokers agreed so. As to practice, both smokers and non-smokers rarely asked about patient's smoking status, but non-smokers were more willing to persuade their family or friends to quit smoking than smokers; the difference was statistically significant. Through the comprehensive intervention, the smoking rate for these medical professionals declined from 48.6% to 42.7%, but the difference was not significant; more medical professionals were against "passive smoking is harmless" after the intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Medical professionals have a comparatively high smoking rate, they are indifferent to tobacco control. These smokers have different attitude and behaviors to tobacco control. The comprehensive tobacco control is effective for changing the medical professionals' smoking behavior and enhancing their consciousness.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2005

[Analysis on the incidence and relevant risk factors of campus violence among college students].

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and risk factors of campus violence and to provide evidence for preventing campus violence among college students. METHODS: 5300 college students in two universities in a province of China were selected to participate in the study and were interviewed with questionnaires. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS: (1) In total, 3910 useable questionnaires were gathered to show a response rate of 73.77%. 17.98% of the college students reported they had ever experienced campus violence in the last one year. 29.60% of the male students experienced campus violence so as 7.27% of the female students. The incidence of violence among male students was significantly higher than those of female students (chi2 = 329.89, P = 0.000). (2) Among male students who were victims of campus violence, the incidence rates of threat or blackmail, emotional abuse, physical assault, verbal sexual harassment, sexual assault were 18.03%, 13.97%, 10.77%, 0.85%, 0.48% respectively. Among female students who were victims of campus violence, the incidence rates were 3.64%, 5.84%, 1.38%, 1.33%, 1.13% respectively. The main source of the violence was from their schoolmates. (3) 10.40% of the male students reported they were perpetrators of campus violence in the last year, while 1.47% of the female students reported so. Schoolmates were the main subjects of their aggressive behaviors. (4) Among the college students who were victims of campus violence, logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking, drinking alcohol, frequently getting computer online were important risk factors. The OR values were 1.48, 2.96, 1.66 respectively. Among college students who were perpetrators of campus violence, the OR values were 2.92, 1.88, 2.09 respectively. CONCLUSION: Campus violence among college students was serious, suggesting that intervention measures should be taken.

China↗

PubMed2004

[Norm study of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the norm of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area. METHODS: According to the "Occupation Sorting Canon in the People's Republic of China", the professionals of the above-mentioned area were sorted out and randomly stratified. The normative data were derived from a sample of 2 064 participants. The modified Occupation Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R) was used to test the targets' occupational stress level (including stressors, strain and coping resources). RESULTS: (1) In these professionals, the sex ratio was about 1:1, average age (36.4 +/- 9.4) years, average length of service (15.9 +/- 10.0) years, 63.07% people were college educated and over 80% married. (2) Descriptive statistics for OSI-R scale scores for the total normative sample, for gender samples and for occupational group samples were modulated. (3) The gender norm showed that there were heavier role overload and stronger occupational strains in males than those in females (P < 0.01). The score of personal resources in the males was not different from that in females (P > 0.05). (4) In terms of different occupations, the scores of occupational role and personal strain among various groups indicated significant differences (P < 0.01). The score of personal resources did not manifest difference (P > 0.05). (5) The major factors influencing OSI-R were sex, occupation and length of service. CONCLUSION: The norm established can basically represent the occupational stress on professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[The scale and application of the norm of occupational stress on the professionals in Chengdu and Chongqing area].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the scale of the norm of occupational stress on the professionals and put it into practice. METHODS: T scores were linear transformations of raw scores, derived to have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. The scale standard of the norm was formulated in line with the principle of normal distribution. RESULTS: (1) For the occupational role questionnaire (ORQ) and personal strain questionnaire (PSQ) scales, high scores suggested significant levels of occupational stress and psychological strain, respectively. T scores >/= 70 indicated a strong probability of maladaptive stress, debilitating strain, or both. T scores in 60 approximately 69 suggested mild levels of maladaptive stress and strain, and in 40 approximately 59 were within one standard deviation of the mean and should be interpreted as being within normal range. T scores < 40 indicated a relative absence of occupational stress or psychological strain. For the personal resources questionnaire (PRQ) scales, high scores indicated highly developed coping resources. T scores < 30 indicated a significant lack of coping resources. T scores in 30 approximately 39 suggested mild deficits in coping skills, and in 40 approximately 59 indicated average coping resources, where as higher scores (i.e., >/= 60) indicated increasingly strong coping resources. (2) This study provided raw score to T-score conversion tables for each OSI-R scale for the total normative sample as well as for gender, and several occupational groups, including professional engineer, professional health care, economic business, financial business, law, education and news. OSI-R profile forms for total normative samples, gender and occupation were also offered according to the conversion tables. CONCLUSION: The norm of occupational stress can be used as screening tool, organizational/occupational assessment, guide to occupational choice and intervention measures.

China↗

PubMed2004

[A study on early detection for seven infectious diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To provide methods and alert thresholds which are scientific, sensitive, specific and practical for Early Warning System in Public Health Surveillance. METHODS: Alert data was based on historical infectious diseases reports. Control chart was used to detect outbreaks or epidemics. An epidemic was defined by consulting Specialists. After calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and describing receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), the optimal model and thresholds were chosen. RESULTS: At 80 percentile, the sensitivities and the specificities of epidemic haemorragia fever, hepatitis A, dysentery, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and malaria were over 90%, and there was a high efficacy of early warning. At 90 percentile, the sensitivities and the specificities of tuberculosis and measles were over 85%, and there was a high efficacy of early warning also. CONCLUSION: Control chart based on five years was chose as a essential method in early warning system. The alert threshold for epidemic haemorragia fever, hepatitis A, dysentery, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and malaria was 80 percentile. The alert threshold for tuberculosis and measles was 90 percentile.

China↗