PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Yao Yao

Publications and source records attributed to Yao Yao.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Day + 30 detection of minimal residual FLT3-ITD by high-sensitivity PCR-NGS predicts relapse risk and guides post-transplant maintenance in AML.

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has improved outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations. However, relapse still occurs in 15-35% of these patients after transplantation. Therefore, early and highly sensitive detection methods are required to identify patients at risk of relapse and enable timely post-transplant intervention. METHODS: In this NICHE cohort study, a total of 136 patients were included, then we evaluated whether high-sensitivity polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-next-generation sequencing (NGS) for FLT3-ITD (limit of detection: 5 × 10-6) on day + 30 post-HSCT could identify patients at a high risk of relapse and inform decisions regarding maintenance therapy. RESULTS: Among the 136 patients, 37 patients (27.2%) had detectable FLT3-ITD clones on day + 30. These patients exhibited a significantly higher cumulative incidence of post-HSCT multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC)-measurable residual disease (MRD) relapse (40.3% vs. 18.8%, p = 0.001). Notably, FLT3-ITD-positive patients who received FLT3 inhibitor maintenance therapy had no relapses, while 6 out of the 13 patients who did not receive maintenance therapy relapsed. Conversely, FLT3-ITD-negative patients without high-risk factors (2022 European LeukemiaNet adverse-risk group, relapsed/refractory AML, MFC-MRD positivity pre-HSCT) showed limited benefit from maintenance therapy (MFC-MRD-free survival: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.25 (0.03-2.11), p = 0.204; OS: HR = 0.20 (0.02-1.70), p = 0.142). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to demonstrate that detection of minimal FLT3-ITD clones at the fixed time point of day + 30 post-HSCT can reliably stratify relapse risk in AML patients and provide a rationale for individualized post-transplant maintenance therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Proteomic snapshot of pattern triggered immunity in the Arabidopsis leaf apoplast.

The apoplast is a critical interface in plant-pathogen interactions, particularly in the context of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which is initiated by recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns. Our study characterizes the proteomic profile of the Arabidopsis apoplast during PTI induced by flg22, a 22-amino-acid bacterial flagellin epitope, to elucidate the output of PTI. Apoplastic washing fluid was extracted with minimal cytoplasmic contamination for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. By comparing our data to publicly available transcriptome profiles of flg22 treatment from 1 to 18 h, we observed that several highly abundant proteins exhibit relatively unchanged gene expression across all time points. We also observed topological bias in peptide recovery of 19 enriched receptor-like kinases with peptides predominantly recovered from their ectodomains. Notably, tetraspanin 8, an exosome marker, was enriched in PTI samples. We additionally confirmed increased concentrations of exosomes during PTI. This study enhances our understanding of the proteomic changes in the apoplast during plant immune responses and lays the groundwork for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms of plant defense under recognition of pathogen molecular patterns.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed2024

SpRY-mediated screens facilitate functional dissection of non-coding sequences at single-base resolution.

CRISPR mutagenesis screens conducted with SpCas9 and other nucleases have identified certain cis-regulatory elements and genetic variants but at a limited resolution due to the absence of protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequences. Here, leveraging the broad targeting scope of the near-PAMless SpRY variant, we have demonstrated that saturated SpRY mutagenesis and base editing screens can faithfully identify functional regulatory elements and essential genetic variants for target gene expression at single-base resolution. We further extended this methodology to investigate a genome-wide association study (GWAS) locus at 10q22.1 associated with a red blood cell trait, where we identified potential enhancers regulating HK1 gene expression, despite not all of these enhancers exhibiting typical chromatin signatures. More importantly, our saturated base editing screens pinpoint multiple causal variants within this locus that would otherwise be missed by Bayesian statistical fine-mapping. Our approach is generally applicable to functional interrogation of all non-coding genomic elements while complementing other high-coverage CRISPR screens.

Humans↗