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Biomedical subjects

Yasuo Hozumi

Publications and source records attributed to Yasuo Hozumi.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sentinel node detection in breast cancer using contrast-enhanced sonography with 25% albumin--Initial clinical experience.

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical usefulness of a sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification technique using contrast-enhanced sonography (CEUS) with 25% albumin. METHODS: The subjects were 23 women with breast cancer. Each was injected subcutaneously with 5 ml of 25% albumin solution as a negative contrast agent directly superficial to the breast tumor. The area was massaged, and the inferior axillary hairline was examined continuously using gray-scale sonography with a 7.5- or 10-MHz transducer. Any contrast-enhanced lymph node was considered a CEUS-detected SLN, was differentiated from other level I and II nodes, and was resected and pathologically assessed. RESULTS: In all 23 patients, 1 or 2 CEUS-detected SLNs (mean, 1.3 SLNs) were identified. Their sizes ranged from 5 mm to 25 mm (mean, 11.3 mm), and their depths (from the skin surface) ranged from 5mm to 20 mm (mean, 12.6 mm). Pathologic examination revealed a metastasis in 5 of the 23 patients, all in CEUS-detected SLNs. CONCLUSION: In a clinical study using CEUS with 25% albumin, contrast-enhanced nodes were identified in all subjects. The pathologic findings suggested that any metastatic nodes observed were SLNs, indicating that this technique may represent a new modality for SLN identification.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A case of esophageal stricture due to metastatic breast cancer diagnosed by endoscopic mucosal resection.

Metastasis of breast cancer to the esophagus has been reported but is rare. It is often difficult to diagnose metastases of breast cancer to the esophagus because they are often located in the submucosa and covered with normal mucosa. Although several methods have been reported in order to obtain specimens for pathological diagnosis, the adverse effects including bleeding and perforation were considerable problems. We report a case of a patient with esophageal stricture due to metastatic breast cancer to the esophagus. Pathological diagnosis was successfully obtained using endoscopic mucosal resection of the esophagus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Plasma leptin concentration in tamoxifen-treated ovariectomized rats.

UNLABELLED: Leptin, the ob gene product, has an important role in the regulation of body weight. Although tamoxifen, a nonsteroidal antiestrogenic agent, is known to have estrogenic effects on fat metabolism, its influence on adipose tissue remains unknown. In the present study, the effect of tamoxifen on the concentration of leptin was investigated in ovariectomized rats treated with tamoxifen or vehicle. The dosage of tamoxifen was extrapolated from the human dosage. Food intake, adipose tissue weight, and plasma insulin were assessed at the end of the experiment. RESULTS: Tamoxifen-treated rats showed a significant reduction of body weight gain, food intake, adipose tissue weight and leptin concentration (p < 0.001). The plasma insulin level was significantly higher after tamoxifen treatment (p = 0.01) in tamoxifen-treated rats than in control rats. We concluded that tamoxifen reduces food intake in the acute phase and a reduction of adipose tissue gain may result in reduced levels of plasma leptin in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, rats treated with tamoxifen may be resistant to insulin action.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2004

Application of a continual reassessment method to a phase I clinical trial of capecitabine in combination with cyclophosphamide and epirubicin (CEX) for inoperable or recurrent breast cancer.

A phase I clinical trial was started in order to determine the recommended doses of capecitabine and epirubicin, when administered in combination with a fixed dose of cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m(2) day 1 q3 weeks) in patients with inoperable or recurrent breast cancer. This study consists of five dose levels with combinations of three levels of epirubicin (75, 90 and 100 mg/m(2) day 1 q3 weeks) and three levels of capecitabine (1255, 1657 and 1800 mg/m(2)/day consecutive administration for 2 weeks followed by 1 week of rest). Dose escalation and de-escalation decisions are based on a continual reassessment method (CRM). We conducted a survey of the clinical oncologists participating in this trial to determine the dose escalation/de-escalation rule, including a prior distribution for model parameters used in the CRM.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Parathyroid adenoma without hyperparathyroidism.

A 45-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital presenting with a right anterior cervical tumor that was elastic, hard, painless and 3.5 x 3.5 cm in size. Laboratory data including serum calcium level, thyroid and parathyroid hormonal functions revealed no abnormalities. Further examination, consisting of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography (US) and radioisotope (RI)-imaging demonstrated that it was a solid tumor located behind the right thyroid lobe. The tumor, whose origin was unclear, was successfully removed with right thyroid lobectomy. Macroscopically, it appeared as reddish solid tumor consisting of small cystic lesions storing chocolate-colored mucous. Immunohistology confirmed that there was proliferation of chief cells with positive parathyroid hormone (PTH) staining. Thus the tumor was diagnosed as parathyroid adenoma despite a lack of clinical evidence for hyperparathyroidism. The reason for the lack of clinical features of hyperparathyroidism in this adenoma still remains unclear, however, there might be inactivation of hormone excretion, possibly due to insufficiency of blood supply. This was a very rare case of parathyroid adenoma exhibiting no clinical evidence of hyperparathyroidism.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2003

Tamoxifen might influence the affinity of LPL for heparin-sepharose.

BACKGROUND: We previously reported that the tamoxifen treatment caused a decrease in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and an increase in LPL mass. We hypothesized that tamoxifen may increase the quantity of inactive LPL. METHODS: Lipoprotein lipase in post-heparin plasma usually exists in both monomeric and dimeric forms, which may be separated on a heparin-Sepharose column with different salt concentrations. Lipoprotein lipase in post-heparin plasma from postmenopausal patients with hypertriglyceridemia treated with or without tamoxifen was incubated with or without 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OHT), the monomers and dimers were separated on a heparin-Sepharose column and their masses were measured. RESULTS: The masses of total LPL and dimeric LPL of tamoxifen-treated patients were significantly higher than those of control subjects. Monomeric LPL of tamoxifen-treated patients passed more slowly through the heparin-Sepharose column compared with that of control subjects. The ratio of monomeric LPL to dimeric LPL of tamoxifen-treated patients was 0.61, significantly lower than that of control subjects, which was 1.45 (p<0.01). In addition, monomeric LPL incubated with 4-OHT passed more slowly through the heparin-Sepharose column compared with that incubated without 4-OHT. CONCLUSION: Tamoxifen influences the affinity of LPL for heparin.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

New method of sentinel node identification with ultrasonography using albumin as contrast agent: a study in pigs.

The purpose of our study was to verify in animals the possibility of using albumin-enhanced ultrasonography as a modality for sentinel node detection. The nine pigs were injected subcutaneously in the neck with albumin, five with 5% solution and four with 25% solution, and then the regional lymph nodes were observed over time. It was found that, where the 5% solution had been injected, the lymph nodes showed no change, but where the 25% solution had been used, a high echo 1 to 5 mm in size was seen at the hilus of the nearest lymph node. Examination of the excised pathologic specimens of lymph nodes demonstrated that this echo was due to albumin accumulated in the efferent lymphatics. This finding suggested that this technique of ultrasonography using albumin as a contrast agent was an effective new method of identifying sentinel nodes.

Albumins↗
PubMed2002

Effects of anastrozole on lipid metabolism compared with tamoxifen in rats.

BACKGROUND: Anastrozole, a new aromatase inhibitor, has been used to treat postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer, and several clinical trials of adjuvant treatment using this agent are ongoing. However, the effects of anastrozole on lipid metabolism are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of anastrozole on lipid metabolism, especially lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, compared with tamoxifen in rats. METHODS: Ovariectomized female rats were divided into six groups: C, controls; T, tamoxifen treatment; A, anastrozole treatment; CAT, combined anastrozole/tamoxifen treatment; NAT, no treatment after tamoxifen; and AAT, anastrozole treatment after tamoxifen. The agents were orally administered for 3 weeks. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LPL activity in postheparin plasma were measured at the end of the experiment. RESULTS: Serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the T and CAT groups than in controls (P < 0.001). Serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the T group than in the other groups (P < 0.001). LPL activity was significantly lower in T and AAT groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in any parameters in group A. CONCLUSIONS: Anastrozole does not affect lipid metabolism including LPL activity. There was little effect on lipid profiles during combination treatment or following treatment with tamoxifen. In a clinical setting, therefore, anastrozole might be safe for patients with abnormal triglyceride profiles during tamoxifen treatment.

Anastrozole↗
PubMed2002

Quantitative estimation and clinical significance of accumulation and washout of thallium-201 chloride in follicular thyroid neoplasm.

PURPOSE: Uptake and washout ratios of thallium-201 chloride (201TlCl) were studied to confirm their clinical applicability in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant follicular lesions of the thyroid. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-six patients with follicular tumor of the thyroid underwent preoperative thallium scintigram after an intravenous injection of 2 mCi (74 MBq) of 201TlC1. The early accumulation and washout ratios of 201TlCl were obtained by an online data-processing system. All tumors were surgically resected and histopathologically diagnosed as either follicular adenoma (49 patients) or follicular carcinoma (17 patients). Scintigraphic values in terms of the early accumulation and washout ratios were compared between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both the early accumulation and washout ratios were significantly higher in follicular carcinoma than in follicular adenoma. It was concluded that dynamic studies on accumulation and washout rates of 201TlCl might be clinically reliable to differentiate between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗