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Biomedical subjects

Yasushi Kaji

Publications and source records attributed to Yasushi Kaji.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Embolization for a bleeding pelvic fracture in a patient with persistent sciatic artery.

Emergency embolization for a bleeding pelvic fracture was performed in a patient with persistent sciatic artery, a rare anatomic variation in which the internal iliac artery continues to the popliteal artery. Successful hemostasis was achieved without complications by means of selective catheterization into each branch of the internal iliac artery. Awareness of this unusual vascular anatomy is critically important to avoid serious complication of emergency embolization.

Angiography↗
PubMed2006

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing colon cancer with atypical bulky lymph node metastasis.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognosis and died within 12 mo. We here describe a 71-year old man with AFP-producing colon cancer who presented with an unusual bulky lymph node metastasis instead of hematogenous spread. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to curative surgical resection, which prolonged his survival.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Conventional MRI capabilities in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in the transition zone.

OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of conventional MRI for the accurate detection of prostate cancer within the transition zone and to compare the results with histopathologic examination results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred sixteen prostate specimens with prostate cancer were consecutively obtained. Axial, sagittal, and coronal T2- and T1-weighted MR images with gadopentetate dimeglumine were independently reviewed by two radiologists. The diagnostic base criteria of the MR images were determined for detecting transition zone cancer as follows: lesions with A, uniform low intensity on T2-weighted images; B, homogeneous gadolinium enhancement; and C, irregular margins both on gadolinium-enhanced and T2-weighted images. Wilcoxon's rank sum and chi-square tests and receiver operating characteristic curves were used. Differences of less than 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Eighty-six lesions in the transition zone were analyzed. Histopathologic analysis showed 53 cancers and 33 benign lesions. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for cancer were 50%, 51%, and 51%, respectively with criteria A; 68%, 75%, and 71% with criteria B; and 60%, 72%, and 65% with criteria C. When base criteria were combined into criteria A-B, A-C, and B-C and then further divided into three subgroups, accuracy was found to be highest when the lesion satisfied any two criteria from A, B, and C than those of base criteria, combination criteria, and the other two subgroups. CONCLUSION: The addition of gadolinium-enhanced MRI to T2-weighted imaging provides better accuracy for detecting cancerous transition zone lesions than the use of T2-weighted imaging alone.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Inverse correlation between serum adiponectin concentration and hepatic lipid content in Japanese with type 2 diabetes.

Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein and plays an important role in insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, intramyocellular lipid content and hepatic lipid content (HLC) are related to insulin resistance in humans. In the present study, the possible relations between the serum concentration of adiponectin and intracellular triglyceride content in skeletal muscle and in the liver were investigated in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fifty Japanese sedentary subjects (34 men, 16 women) with type 2 diabetes who had neither been treated with insulin nor with thiazolidinediones were enrolled in the study. Insulin sensitivity in vivo was evaluated by measurement of the glucose infusion rate during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and of the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance index. The intracellular triglyceride content in skeletal muscle and the liver was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. The serum adiponectin concentration was inversely correlated with both HLC ( r = -0.39, P < .01) and the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance index ( r = -0.32, P < .05), but it was not significantly related to either intramyocellular lipid content or glucose infusion rate during the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in individuals with type 2 diabetes. These results suggest that adiponectin might play an important role in the regulation of HLC and basal insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Adiponectin↗
PubMed2005

Magnetic resonance angiography of the renal arteries using three-dimensional balanced turbo field-echo sequence with progressive spin saturation.

We developed a new method employing a balanced turbo field-echo (b-TFE) sequence with progressive spin saturation (PSS) for magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the renal arteries during breath-holding without the use of contrast agents. We compared our new method with conventional dynamic MRA of renal arteries. For all portions, renal MRA using b-TFE with PSS was clearer to define (p<0.002) than did conventional dynamic MRA. We confirmed that angiography of renal arteries using b-TFE with PSS was more useful than conventional dynamic MRA.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Ring enhancement on T1-weighted GRE images after ferucarbotran administration for hepatic metastasis: comparison with pathological findings: case report.

Hepatic metastases are generally known to be composed of three structures (central necrosis, viable tumor cells, and peritumoral changes such as edema or congestion). We experienced a case of hepatic metastasis that was examined with ferucarbotran-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, dynamic MR imaging using Gd-DTPA, and CT during arterial portography (CTAP), and was confirmed pathologically. MR imaging of this case vividly described the three pathological structures of the hepatic metastasis.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed2003

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the renal capsule.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) arising from the renal capsule is a rare tumor. We report a case of 55-year-old man with this tumor. Radiological imaging, including magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, was helpful in the differential diagnosis between MFH of the renal capsule and other renal tumors. In particular, a hypo-intense area identified on T(2)-weighted images reflecting the fibrous component was identified as an important characteristic of renal MFH.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed2003

Feasibility of quantitative intrahepatic lipid imaging applied to the magnetic resonance dual gradient echo sequence.

The quantification of intrahepatic lipids (IHLs) has attracted a great deal of interest pertaining to diagnostic treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We report on an innovative approach to visualizing IHLs quantitatively by creating the best mix of the advantages of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and the gradient echo (GRE) sequence on a 1.5T MR system. Proton MRS is considered to have the best precision and reliability; however, measuring a single voxel is time-consuming. On the other hand, the GRE sequence can provide information on IHLs, at least not quantitative, in a very short time. IHL images can be created from the correlation between the relative content of IHLs obtained with proton MRS and the signal intensity of GRE images with a very high correlation coefficient (R=0.992). Our approach holds great potential for quantifying fat accumulation in every possible tissue quickly and precisely.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2003

MR findings of prostatic urethral polyp in an adult.

We report MR imaging characteristics of a prostatic urethral polyp in a 35-year-old man. Traditionally, the methods of diagnosis include computed tomography, transrectal sonography, voiding cystourethrography, intravenous pyelography, urethroscopy, and cystoscopy. To our knowledge, MR findings have not been previously described. In this case, MR imaging clearly demonstrated a polypoid tumor located in the prostatic urethra with a stalk connected to the bladder neck. A pathological study revealed the polyp consisted of a fibrovascular core covered with a double layered, prostatic-type epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cystic ovarian lesions in SSFP diffusion imaging.

PURPOSE: MR assessments of ovarian cystic lesions are usually based on morphological features, signal intensities and enhancement with contrast media. This study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of the steady-state free precession (SSFP) diffusion imaging of cystic ovarian lesions for analyzing cystic contents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one ovarian cystic lesions in 37 patients were examined. The diffusion-related coefficient (DRC) and the ratio of the relative apparent diffusion coefficient of the lesion to that of subcutaneous fat tissue (rADC(L)/rADC(F)) were calculated from SSFP diffusion images. RESULTS: The DRCs and the rADC(L)/rADC(F) ratios in endometrial cysts and in the fatty parts of dermoid cysts were significantly lower than in other cystic tumors. CONCLUSION: SSFP diffusion imaging can be included in clinical practice to analyze ovarian cystic lesions within a short scan time; the DRC and the rADC(L)/rADC(F) ratio are useful for evaluating cystic contents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

MR findings of prostatic urethral polyp in an adult.

We report MR imaging characteristics of a prostatic urethral polyp in a 35-year-old man. Traditionally, the methods of diagnosis include computed tomography, transrectal sonography, voiding cysto-urethrography, intravenous pyelography, urethroscopy, and cystoscopy. To our knowledge, MR findings have not been previously described. In this case, MR imaging clearly demonstrated a polypoid tumor located in the prostatic urethra with a stalk connected to the bladder neck. A pathological study revealed the polyp consisted of a fibrovascular core covered with a double layered, prostatic-type epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Proton two-dimensional chemical shift imaging for evaluation of prostate cancer: external surface coil vs. endorectal surface coil.

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic ability of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using an external surface coil with that using an endorectal surface coil in patients with prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging (MRI) and two-dimensional chemical shift imaging (2D CSI) were performed in 5 healthy volunteers and in 35 patients with prostate cancer. The receiver coil was the anterior lower part of a phased-array coil or an endorectal surface coil. RESULTS: Receiver-operating characteristic analysis for diagnosing prostate cancer showed no significant difference (P = 0.784) between the area under the curve of phased-array coil CSI and that of endorectal surface coil CSI. CONCLUSION: The phased-array coil CSI could provide comparable detection accuracy to endorectal surface coil CSI. In patients with rectal diseases or patients who could not tolerate the discomfort with insertion of an endorectal surface coil, we recommend the phased-array coil CSI.

Adult↗