PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Yersu Kapran

Publications and source records attributed to Yersu Kapran.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Histopathological comparison of topical therapy modalities for acute radiation proctitis in an experimental rat model.

AIM: To evaluate the prevalent topical therapeutic modalities available for the treatment of acute radiation proctitis compared to formalin. METHODS: A total of 120 rats were used. Four groups (n = 30) were analyzed with one group for each of the following applied therapy modalities: control, mesalazine, formalin, betamethasone, and misoprostol. A single fraction of 17.5 Gy was delivered to each rat. The rats in control group rats were given saline, and the rats in the other three groups received appropriate enemas twice a day beginning on the first day after the irradiation until the day of euthanasia. On d 5, 10, and 15, ten rats from each group were euthanized and a pathologist who was unaware of treatment assignment examined the rectums using a scoring system. RESULTS: The histopathologic scores for surface epithelium, glands (crypts) and lamina propria stroma of the rectums reached their maximum level on d 10. The control and formalin groups had the highest and mesalazine had the lowest, respectively on d 10. On the 15th d, mesalazine, betamethasone, and misoprostol had the lowest scores of betamethasone. CONCLUSION: Mesalazine, betamethasone, and misoprostol are the best topical agents for radiation proctitis and formalin has an inflammatory effect and should not be used.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2006

Malignant phyllode tumor metastatic to the duodenum.

Phyllode tumor (PT) is extremely rare tumor of the breast. Distant metastasis occurs in 10%-20% of patients with malignant phyllode tumor. The most common sites of metastases are the lungs and bones. Although theoretically any organ may have metastasis, an isolated duodenum metastasis has not been documented as yet in the English-language literature. We report herein a case with a isolated duodenal metastasis from PT of breast in a 31 year-old-woman who underwent right mastectomy 4 years before because of the recurrent malignant PT. She presented to our hospital with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Clinical evaluation revealed a huge mass originated from duodenum. Urgent laparotomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy were carried out in order to remove the bleeding duodenal mass. The pathologic examination of the resected specimen showed a malignant spindle cell tumor consistent with metastatic malignant PT. Our case of gastrointestinal bleeding due to an isolated duodenal metastasis as a result of hematogenous spread from malignant phyllode tumor of breast is unique in the English literature and pancreaticoduodenectomy is a curative treatment for patients with isolated duodenal involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Cystic lymphangioma of the right adrenal gland.

Lymphangiomas are benign malformations of the vessels. They are commonly located in the neck, axillary region and mediastinum. Lymphangioma of the adrenal gland is very rare. These lesions were first discovered as incidental autopsy findings. As the imaging techniques have improved, they now appear as incidental findings at abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scan examinations. They are usually asymptomatic. We present a 26-year-old woman admitted to the hospital, complaining of weakness, putting on weight, and lumbago. Her laboratory findings were within normal limits. Radiological examination revealed a 7 cm cystic lesion located in the right adrenal gland. Right adrenalectomy was performed. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of the cystic lesion was consistent with a lymphangioma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Differing DNA methylation patterns and gene mutation frequencies in colorectal carcinomas from Middle Eastern countries.

PURPOSE: The epidemiology of colorectal carcinoma is well known to differ among countries but the molecular characteristics are usually assumed to be similar. International differences in molecular pathology have not been studied extensively but have implications for the management of patients in different countries and of immigrant patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We evaluated the CpG island methylator phenotype pathway characterized by concordant methylation of gene promoters that often silences transcription of the genes, the microsatellite instability pathway, and K-ras and p53 gene status in 247 colorectal carcinomas from the three selected Middle Eastern countries of Egypt, Jordan, and Turkey. RESULTS: Colorectal carcinoma from Egypt had the lowest frequencies of methylation. In multinomial logistic regression analysis, Jordanian colorectal carcinoma more frequently had methylation involving the p16 tumor suppressor gene (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-10.6; P = 0.023) and MINT31 locus (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-5.1; P = 0.041). The K-ras proto-oncogene was more frequently mutated in colorectal carcinoma from Turkey (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.7; P = 0.016), but p53 overexpression was more common in both Jordanian and Turkish colorectal carcinoma than in Egyptian cases (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-5.5; P = 0.019; and odds ratio, 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-7.1; P = 0.0003, respectively). The findings in Turkish colorectal carcinoma were most similar to those reported for Western cases. CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal carcinoma from Middle Eastern countries have differing gene methylation patterns and mutation frequencies that indicate dissimilar molecular pathogenesis, probably reflecting different environmental exposures. These molecular differences could affect prevention strategies, therapeutic efficacy, and transferability of clinical trial results.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2005

Metastatic thyroid carcinoma.

Although metastases to the thyroid gland are common in autopsy studies, clinically significant metastases are rare. A 58-year-old Turkish patient, presenting with thyroid metastasis 2 years after undergoing left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, is reported in this case report. Thyroid metastasis can be the initial presentation of renal cell carcinoma, or it may occur a long time after nephrectomy, which can lead to misdiagnosis of primary thyroid neoplasm. Radiographic features are not useful in making discrimination between the two, however a fine needle aspiration biopsy can be useful. The role of surgical therapy is controversial.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed2005

Small bowel metastases from primary carcinoma of the lung: presenting with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Upper gastrointestinal system bleeding should be first taken into account when a patient complains of melena. On rare occasions, gastrointestinal bleeding may be due to primary or metastatic tumors of the gastrointestinal system. Here, we present a case in which the localization of bleeding was demonstrated by Tc-99m red blood cell labeled scintigraphy with the final diagnosis of metastases of non-small cell lung cancer to the small bowel.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2005

Thyroid metastasis of malignant melanoma.

Clinically significant metastases to the thyroid gland are very rare; however, they can present as the initial malignancy. The authors report a 53-year-old man who underwent surgery for malignant melanoma 5 years earlier, and recently presented with a thyroid nodule that turned out to be a metastasis of the primary malignancy. Fine-needle aspiration showed malignant cells, but was unable to indicate that their origin was malignant melanoma. Total thyroidectomy was the therapy chosen for the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Simultaneous existence of papillary carcinoma in the thyroid gland and thyroglossal duct cyst in two patients.

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct cyst is a rare occurrence. Two patients presenting with medial neck masses were diagnosed as having thyroglossal duct cysts by ultrasonography. The Sistrunk operation was performed. Histopathologic evaluation demonstrated papillary carcinoma in the surgical specimens of both patients. The thyroid glands were examined by ultrasonography, scintigraphy, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsy showed papillary carcinoma, and total thyroidectomies were performed. Micropapillary carcinoma was detected in the resected thyroid glands. The patients were asymptomatic without complications after 24 and 32 months of follow-up, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Co-secretion of aldosterone and cortisol by an adrenocortical carcinoma.

We report a rare case of adrenocortical carcinoma. A 26-year-old woman presented with hypokalemia and hypertension due to hyperaldosteronism. She had no signs of Cushing's syndrome. Endocrinological data showed excess of aldosterone production and nonsupressible cortisol production on 2 mg of dexamethasone. Magnetic resonance imaging showed left adrenal tumor. Transabdominal left adrenalectomy was performed and histopathological diagnosis was adrenocortical carcinoma. Her blood pressure and hypokalemia returned to normal after adrenalectomy. There is no recurrence after 36 months. We want to emphasis the importance of adrenal tests before the operation even if there are no signs of excess cortisol production.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

The incidence of primary thyroid lymphoma in thyroid malignancies.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the incidence of primary thyroid lymphoma in thyroid malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 304 patients whose diagnoses were made as thyroid malignancies between January 1990 and December 2000 were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, primary thyroid lymphoma was documented in four female patients (1.3%; mean age 56.2 years; range 40 to 65 years). Findings from history, physical examination, blood biochemistry, thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4, TSH, thyroglobulin), thyroid scintigraphy, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and cervical computed tomography (CT) were evaluated. Histopathologic results were evaluated according to the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification. RESULTS: The most common complaints on admission were a rapidly growing cervical mass, hoarseness, and dyspnea. In all the cases, thyroid hormone levels were normal, but thyroglobulin levels were 5 to 10 times as high as normal. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration was not helpful in two cases, whereas cervical CT was diagnostic. Pathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B cell lymphoma in all the cases. Postoperatively, three cases underwent chemotherapy and one case chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. All the patients were operated on before 1997; one patient died, the remaining three patients have been under follow-up with no recurrences. CONCLUSION: In our cases, treatment of localized thyroid lymphoma by surgery combined with chemotherapy or/and radiotherapy was effective.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Adrenal neuroblastoma in an adult: report of a case.

Neuroblastomas comprise a major part of adrenal tumors in children. However, they are seldom reported in adults. In this report we present the case of a 30-year-old woman who was operated on for an incidentaloma. Following an adrenalectomy, she was put on a chemoradiotherapy regimen. A histopathologic assessment of the specimen revealed Homer-Wright rosettes against a background of fibrillary matrix, which indicated a diagnosis of a neuroblastoma. In spite of a low incidence in adulthood, it should be emphasized that all adrenal tumors without any particular characteristics may be a neuroblastoma, which tends to show a very poor prognosis. Hence, such patients should undergo postoperative chemoradiotherapy, which may improve both the remission rates and survival.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed2003

Efficiency of gamma probe and dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy in surgery for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the intraoperative gamma probe and the efficacy of dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi imaging in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were examined prospectively. Results of same-day dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy and intraoperative gamma probe evaluations were compared with the intraoperative findings and histopathologic diagnoses. A 15-mm handheld gamma probe was used to measure gamma activity in the neck and upper mediastinum. Nuclear mapping by gamma probe showed a single quadrant of neck that emitted gamma radiation significantly greater than the other three quadrants, which correlated with the sestamibi scan. RESULTS: Dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy determined and localized parathyroid lesions in 20 patients (sensitivity, 94%). Of the 20 parathyroid lesions removed, 15 were located in normal positions, whereas five were explored in ectopic sites (one within the thyroid, one in the anterior mediastinum, one in a retrotracheal position, one in the carotid sheath, and one in the retroesophageal region). Although the index of thyroid nodules varied from 15.8% to 22.9%, the index for parathyroid lesions was 77.3% to 112.8%. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that parathyroid lesions, especially at ectopic sites, can be treated successfully in shorter operative times with minimal complications with the help of the intraoperative gamma probe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Colon cancer with isolated metastasis to the kidney at the time of initial diagnosis.

Blood-borne metastases to the kidneys from solid tumors have received little attention in the medical literature because they usually occur in a setting of advanced systemic disease, and renal involvement is a relatively minor cause of symptoms. Although the frequency of metastases to the kidney in cancer patients is 7-13% in large autopsy series, incidental discovery of a renal metastasis as the first manifestation of a primary tumor is a very rare event. The most common primary malignancy to involve the kidney is bronchogenic carcinoma,followed by breast and gastrointestinal cancers. In this article, we report a patient with left colon cancer and isolated metastasis to the right kidney at the time of initial diagnosis. Left hemicolectomy and right nephrectomy were performed. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) was given. 5-FU and FA were stopped after four cycles because metastases to the lung and liver occurred about 3 mo after the surgery during adjuvant chemotherapy. Capecitabine was started. The patient died 9 mo after the discovery of the isolated renal metastasis. Nephrectomy is more for diagnostic clarification in the setting of synchronous primary because it has no effect on survival and its effect on quality of life is minimal; as seen in our case, the other organ metastases rapidly occur and the survival is limited. Nephrectomy may also compromise the choice of chemotherapy agents that require renal clearance, thus a careful evaluation of renal functions is necessary if a nephrectomy is performed. In the matter of a decreased renal clearance,the doses of these drugs should be decreased or the choice should be reevaluated.

Aged↗