Biomedical subjects

Ying Xie

Publications and source records attributed to Ying Xie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Role of nicotine metabolite ratio in pharmacological interventions on smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Emerging evidence suggests that the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR) may influence the efficacy of smoking cessation, yet its role across pharmacotherapies remains unclear. This study aims to investigate how NMR affects cessation outcomes under different medications to guide personalized treatment. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception to September 30, 2024) for randomized controlled trials on pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation with NMR data. Data were synthesized using random-effects models, with heterogeneity assessment. The primary outcome was verified smoking cessation rate at the end of treatment or the closest time-point. RESULTS: Eleven RCTs with accessible full text were included in the qualitative analyses and nine were included in the quantitative synthesis. For non-titratable nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), normal/fast metabolizers demonstrated lower odds of smoking cessation than slow metabolizers (Odds Ratio, OR=0.81, 95% confidence interval, CI=0.68-0.96; 5 studies, I²=62.5%). No significant associations were shown between normal/fast and slow metabolizers using titratable NRT (OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.95-1.14; 2 studies, I²=0%), bupropion (OR=0.67, 95% CI=0.38-1.16; 2 studies, I²=51.4%), or varenicline (OR=1.17, 95% CI=0.79-1.74; 4 studies, I²=59.8%). CONCLUSION: Current evidence demonstrates that NMR moderates' treatment efficacy among those who smoke using non-titratable NRT, with slow metabolizers achieving significantly better cessation outcomes than normal/fast metabolizers. Substantial further research is needed to determine optimal medication hierarchies across metabolic profiles.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Proinsulin regulators identified with CRISPR screen and in vivo mouse QTL mapping.

Altered proinsulin levels in β-cells and bloodstream are hallmarks of diabetes and other diseases, but our knowledge about the proinsulin regulators remains limited. Here we perform a genome-wide CRISPR screen to identify 84 proinsulin regulators that alter intracellular proinsulin/insulin ratio in a mouse β-cell line. The proinsulin regulators are distinct from the insulin regulators from a previous orthogonal CRISPR screen. Functional annotation of the proinsulin regulators highlights Golgi as the primary organelle for proinsulin storage and regulation. Trafficking towards the Golgi increases the intra-cellular proinsulin/insulin ratio, while trafficking away from the Golgi, including exocytosis and Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport, decreases the intracellular proinsulin levels. We also map mouse quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with plasma proinsulin levels and use the CRISPR screen results to pinpoint the causal genes within the QTL loci. Interestingly, protein disulfide isomerase Pdia6 is the strongest hit from both CRISPR screen and the in vivo QTL mapping. Knocking down Pdia6 significantly reduce proinsulin accumulation in Golgi and secretory granules. Intriguingly, Pdia6-depletion in both human and mouse β-cells does not affect the folding status of proinsulin but causes significantly impaired proinsulin production through a UPR-independent mechanism. Taken together, our genetic profiles provide mechanistic insights into the regulation of proinsulin/insulin homeostasis.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[The application of radiological imaging in the forensic pathology about cervical part].

Multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to analyze cervical injury. Especially in injury of skeleton and soft tissue, it has equal value with conventional autopsy. Even they can reparation some shortcoming consisted in the cervical part autopsy. In some difficult postmortem examination of decomposed, charred or highly infectious cadavers and in some religion country, they should be a useful alternative way to examine injury in cervical part of cadaver such as mechanical asphyxia, whiplash injury, vertebra injury, or vascular injury.

Asphyxia↗

PubMed2006

Suppression of the onset and progression of collagen-induced arthritis in rats by QFGJS, a preparation from an anti-arthritic Chinese herbal formula.

QFGJS is an herbal preparation, and its pronounced effectiveness in treating adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) has been previously demonstrated. We herein aimed to confirm its anti-arthritic effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. CIA was established in female Wistar rats with intradermal injection of type II bovine collagen at the base of the tail of animals. CIA rats were treated daily with oral administration of different doses of QFGJS beginning on the day of the induction of arthritis (day 0, the prophylactic treatment) or on the day after the onset of arthritis (day 13, the therapeutic treatment) until day 30. The results showed that prophylactic treatment with QFGJS significantly suppressed the onset of arthritis, and therapeutic treatment with QFGJS markedly reduced paw swelling and ESR levels even in the established CIA. Radiologic and histopathologic changes in the arthritic joints were also significantly reduced in the QFGJS-treated versus vehicle-treated rats. Moreover, the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were markedly lowered in the QFGJS-treated rats. Hence, our studies demonstrate the quality, safety, and effectiveness of QFGJS as an anti-arthritic agent, which makes QFGJS a strong candidate for further clinical trials on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Combinative method using HPLC quantitative and qualitative analyses for quality consistency assessment of a herbal medicinal preparation.

A selective and efficient quality consistency assessment system was developed for monitoring the manufacturing processes of a Chinese herbal preparation, qingfu guanjieshu (QFGJS) capsule, and for assessing its stability over time. This system is based on quantitative determination of four marker compounds, i.e., sinomenine, paeoniflorin, paeonol, and curcumin, and on qualitative fingerprinting analysis of QFGJS using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method. The separation was performed on a Phenomenex ODS column by gradient elution with acetonitrile and aqueous phase (containing 0.1% phosphoric acid, adjusted with triethylamine to pH 3.5+/-0.2) at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min. In fingerprinting analysis, the chemical characteristics of four herbs present in QFGJS (excluding radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) were present in the HPLC chromatographic file. In addition, quantitative determination of hypaconitine was carried out with our published HPLC method as a supplement for quality control of the radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata in QFGJS. The results showed that the contents of these five marker compounds and HPLC fingerprint profiles of three batches of QFGJS products collected at 3 months after production in the stability testing were relatively consistent. This well-developed method could be used for quality assessment of the complex preparations of herbal medicine.

Aconitine↗

PubMed2006

[The clinical forensic medicine identification on pseudoseizures after head trauma].

Two pseudoseizures after head trauma are reported. We summarize the clinical manifestation of pseudoseizures, and identify difference of pseudoseizures and Seizures after head trauma. The forensic identification of pseudoseizures after head trauma should base on the extend and position of cerebral trauma, sequelae focus in cerebral, and the clinical manifestation.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Effect of stent coated with diallyl trisulfide on endothelial structure and function after coronary injury: experiment with dogs].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of stent coated with diallyl trisulfide on endothelial structure and function after coronary injury. METHODS: Eight adult dogs were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo implantation of stent coated with diallyl trisulfide (drug group) or stent not coated with diallyl trisulfide (control group) into the distal and proximal ends of the left circumflex coronary arteries respectively. Twenty-eight hours later the dogs were killed. Their coronary arteries with the stents inside were taken out and divided into 4 parts: 2 parts underwent light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and 2 parts underwent immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to examine the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). RESULTS: The thickness of intima of the control group was 0.35 mm +/- 0.11 mm, significantly greater than that of the drug group (0.12 mm +/- 0.05 mm, P < 0.01); the area of intima of the control group was 1.81 mm(2) +/- 0.36 mm(2), significantly greater than that of the drug group (1.17 mm(2) +/- 0.25 mm(2), P < 0.05). The endothelial cells in the intima of the drug group were tighter and more orderly than those of the control group. Immunohistochemistry showed that the eNOS protein expression of the drug group was 11.1 +/- 1.9, significantly higher than that of the control group (5.6 +/- 0.6, P < 0.01). Western blotting showed that the eNOS protein expression of the drug group was 37.5 +/- 6.2, significantly higher than that of the control group (10.4 +/- 2.7, P < 0.01). The NO level of the drug group was 279 micromol/L +/- 72 micromol/L. significantly higher than that of the control group (60 micromol/L +/- 57 72 micromol/L, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Stent coated with diallyl trisulfide promotes the endothelialization and expression of eNOS, and raises the NO level. While promoting the recovery of the endothelial structure, stent coated with diallyl trisulfide promotes the recovery of endothelial function.

Allyl Compounds↗

PubMed2006

[Application of EB virus latent membrane protein 1 in nasopharyngeal swab in diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and reliability of detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) gene by nasopharyngeal swab in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To investigate the distribution of 30 bp deletion variant of LMP-1 gene in the local population. METHOD: Nasopharyngeal cells were collected by nasopharyngeal swab, and then DNA was extracted, which was subsequently confirmed by amplification of sequence of beta-thalassemia gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). And sequence of LMP1 was amplified with specific primer to verify the significance of LMP1 in the diagnosis of NPC. RESULT: DNA was obtained from 96.4% nasopharyngeal swab samples, LMP1 was detected in 33 of 36 samples, while 2 of 45 samples from normal control, with sensitivity 91.7%, and specialty 95.6%. 30 bp deletion of LMP1 gene was found in 80.6% of NPC samples, and wild type 11.1%. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that nasopharyngeal swab could be effective method for gene-detection. As a parameter in diagnosis of NPC, LMP1 gene is maybe superior to EBVCA-IgA. 30 bp deletion of LMP1 oncogene is widespread in NPC patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Separation and quantitative analysis of coumarin compounds from Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm) Benth. et Hook. f by pressurized capillary electrochromatography.

A pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) method with post-column detection cell has been developed for the therapeutically important coumarins from Angelica dahurica extract. The separation of five major coumarins (xanthotoxol, osthenol, imperatorin, oxypeucedanin hydrate, byakangelicin) was optimized with respect to composition of the mobile phase, ionic strength of buffers, pH, and applied voltage. Baseline separation was achieved for the five coumarins in less than 25 min using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (pH 4.8; 15 mM) (22.5:15:62.5, v/v/v). The method showed satisfactory retention time and peak area repeatability with the first use of post-column detection cell in the pCEC instrument. Comparing to capillary high performance liquid chromatography (capillary HPLC) and conventional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), higher column efficiency, and shorter analysis time were achieved in pCEC. The five coumarins in the extract samples representing different stages of traditional extraction of A. dahurica were also quantitatively analyzed by pCEC. The calibration curves were linear in the range 37-129, 36-126, 12-41, 88-306, 20-69 microg/ml of the standard solutions containing the five coumarins with correlation coefficients between 0.9976 and 0.9994.

Calibration↗

PubMed2005

Simultaneous determination of six Aconitum alkaloids in proprietary Chinese medicines by high-performance liquid chromatography.

By optimizing the extraction, separation and analytical conditions, a reliable and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with photodiode array detector (DAD) was developed for simultaneous quantitative determination of six Aconitum alkaloids, i.e., aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine, in Chinese medicinal herbs, aconite roots, and 12 proprietary Chinese medicines containing processed aconite roots. The separation of these Aconitum alkaloids was achieved on an ODS column with gradient elution using solvents of acetonitrile and ammonium bicarbonate buffer (pH 10.0+/-0.2). Intra-assay and inter-assay precision of the analytes were less than 2.97%, and the average recovery rates obtained were in the range of 90-103% for all with RSDs below 3.28%. Good linear relationships were showed with correlation coefficients for the analytes exceeded 0.999. Quantitative analysis of the six Aconitum alkaloids in the unprocessed and processed aconite roots and in twelve proprietary Chinese medicines containing processed aconite roots showed that the contents of the alkaloids varied significantly. This method and quantitation results can provide a scientific and technical platform to the products manufacturers for setting up a quality control standard as well as to the public for quality and safety assurance of the proprietary Chinese medicines and other herbal preparations containing aconite roots.

Aconitum↗

PubMed2005

Suppressive effects of QFGJS, a preparation from an anti-arthritic herbal formula, on rat experimental adjuvant-induced arthritis.

To analyze the anti-arthritic effects of QFGJS (a pharmaceutical preparation from herbs) on rheumatoid arthritis, adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was established in male SD rats, and two administration protocols, i.e., oral treatment with different doses of QFGJS on the day of arthritis induction or on the day when visible clinical signs of arthritis occurred, were initiated and continued until day 30. Treatments with QFGJS using both administration protocols significantly suppressed the incidence and severity of arthritis in a dose-dependent manner, showing dramatic reduction of paw swelling and ESR throughout the disease progression of AIA. Radiological and histopathological examinations showed markedly decreased tissue and bone destruction of ankle joints in the QFGJS-treated rats. The serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were significantly decreased in the QFGJS-treated rats. QFGJS demonstrates pronounced anti-arthritic effects on AIA, indicating that this herbal preparation would be a potent candidate as a novel botanical drug for further investigation.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

A selective HPLC method for the determination of indapamide in human whole blood: application to a bioequivalence study in Chinese volunteers.

Indapamide was extracted from human whole blood with diethyl ether and was determined by a HPLC-UV method using an Inertsil ODS-3 column and an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 55% buffer solution (2 g KH(2)PO(4), 3 ml H(3)PO(4) and 3.5 ml triethylamine in 1l of H(2)O), 40% acetonitrile and 5% methanol for 12.5 min, and then a gradient flush from 100% isocratic to a mixture of 20% isocratic mobile phase and 80% methanol for 3 min. Indapamide and glipizide (internal standard) were eluted from the column at about 10.5 and 12.8 min, respectively. The method had within day precision values in the range +/- 1.2 to +/- 9.7% (n = 5) and between day precision in the range +/- 3.3 to +/- 9.7%. The method was linear over the range of 10-400 ng/ml of indapamide in blood (R = 0.999). The LOQ (s/n = 10) of the method was 10 ng/ml. The method was applied in a study of the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of generic indapamide capsules (2.5 mg) in comparison with reference indapamide tablets (2.5mg), in 20 healthy male Chinese volunteers. The mean values of major pharmacokinetic parameters of C(max), AUC(0-48), AUC(0-infinity), T(max), and t(1/2) of indapamide in healthy male Chinese volunteers after po a single 5 mg dose for the test product were 331.0 +/- 39.2 ng/ml, 6,193.7+/-873.5 ng h/ml, 7311.8+/-1,232.3 ng h/ml, 3.2+/-0.9h, and 17.3+/-2.8 h, respectively. There was no significant differences between the two formulations.

Area Under Curve↗

PubMed2005

Transport of nerve growth factor encapsulated into liposomes across the blood-brain barrier: in vitro and in vivo studies.

A nerve growth factor (NGF) was encapsulated into liposomes in order to protect it from the enzyme degradation in vivo and promote it permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). RMP-7, a ligand to the B2 receptor on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC), was combined with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-n-[poly(ethylenegly-col)]-hydroxy succinamide (DSPE-PEG-NHS) to obtain DSPE-PEG-RMP-7. Then DSPE-PEG-RMP-7 was incorporated into the liposomes' surface to target sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL-T) to the brain. The highest percent of NGF encapsulated into liposomes was about 34%, and the average size of liposomes was below 100 nm. A primary model of BBB was established and evaluated by morphological, permeability, and transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). The BBB model was employed to study the permeability of NGF liposomes in vitro. The results indicated that the liposomes could enhance transport of NGF across the BBB. The best transport rate was received with NGF-SSL-T. The brain distribution of NGF liposomes was studied in vivo, the amount of NGF in the brain was increased in the order: NGF-SSL-T>NGF-SSL+RMP-7>NGF-SSL>NGF-L. The maximum concentration of NGF was recorded in 30 min following the intravenous injection. In particular, a majority of NGF was distributed in striatum, hippocampus and cortex, and the concentration of NGF was relatively lower in olfactory bulb, cerebellum and brain stem. There was a close relationship between P(e) (permeability coefficient on in vitro BBB model) and T(e) (brain targeted coefficient in vivo) for NGF encapsulated into the liposomes.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Influence of co-administrated sinomenine on pharmacokinetic fate of paeoniflorin in unrestrained conscious rats.

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Ranunculaceae) root and Sinomenium acutum Rehder and Wilson (Menispermaceae) stem are two herbs widely used in Chinese medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis. While, in theory, either herb could be used alone, in practice, Chinese medicine practitioners prescribe them together. Studies on pharmacokinetic interaction between the active constituents of these two herbs (paeoniflorin and sinomenine, respectively) provide empirical evidence to support their clinical practice. A single dose of paeoniflorin (150 mg/kg) alone and with sinomenine hydrochloride (90 mg/kg) was administered by gastric gavage to unrestrained conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=5 or 6, 240-270 [corrected] g). Blood samples were collected periodically via a jugular vein before and after dosing from 10 min to 12 h. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay was developed to determine the plasma concentrations of paeoniflorin. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic profiles were constructed by using the software PK Solutions 2.0. The pharmacokinetic parameters were compared using unpaired Student t-test. After co-administration of sinomenine, the peak plasma concentration of paeoniflorin was elevated (P<0.01), the peak time was delayed (P<0.01), the AUC(0-t) was increased (P<0.001), the mean residence time (MRT) was prolonged (P<0.01), the C(L) was decreased (P<0.01) and the V(d) was reduced (P<0.05). These results indicate that sinomenine hydrochloride at 90 mg/kg significantly improved the bioavailability of paeoniflorin in rats.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Collagen-coated polylactide microspheres as chondrocyte microcarriers.

Polylactide (PLA) microspheres were coated with collagen for cell culture and injectable cell carriers. Utilizing a method of emulsion-solvent evaporation, PLA microspheres with diameter ranging from 180 to 280 microm were prepared, followed with aminolysis in hexanediamine/n-propanol solution to introduce free amino groups on their surfaces. After the amino groups were transferred into aldehyde groups by a treatment of glutaraldehyde, collagen type I was covalently coupled via Schiff base formation between the aldehyde groups and the amino groups on collagen molecules. Meanwhile, physically entangled collagen molecules were retained following a grafting-coating protocol to yield microspheres coated with larger amount of collagen. Aminolysis resulted in weight loss of the microspheres following a linear relationship with the aminolysis time. The NH2 and collagen contents existed on the microsphere surface were quantitatively determined by ninhydrin and hydroproline (Hyp) analyses, respectively. Larger amount of collagen was immobilized on the microspheres with higher content of NH2. In vitro chondrocyte culture revealed that the cells could attach, proliferate and spread on these PLA microspheres, in particular on the ones having higher content of collagen. These results show that the collagen-coated PLA microspheres are promising candidate as cell microcarriers.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Pharmacokinetics and distribution of superoxide dismutase liposomes in rats].

AIM: To evaluate the effects of surfactants on the pharmacokinetics and distribution in rats after intravenous administration of SOD liposomes. METHODS: The liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation method. The activity of SOD was assayed by method of xanthine oxidase. RESULTS: The T1/2 of SOD solution, common SOD liposome, SOD liposomes modified by DSPE-PEG2000 and Tween 80 were 0.25, 0.34, 0.66 and 0.41 h, respectively; AUC were 12.48, 24.66, 41.16 and 33.02 microg x h x mL(-1), respectively. Compared with the common liposome, the liposomes modified by DSPE-PEG and Tween 80 decreased the content of SOD in liver and spleen, but increased in brain. CONCLUSION: The three kinds of liposomes could increase T1/2 and AUC in some extent, especially in PEG-L group. Tween-L could increase the SOD content in brain, and PEG-L could decrease the SOD content in the liver and spleen compared with the common liposome.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[A study of biological characteristic and generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cell from peripheral blood of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the differences of morphology, phenotype and function of dendritic cell (DC) derived from the healthy individuals and the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHOD: DC were isolated and developed from peripheral blood monocytes from 12 NPC patients and 9 healthy volunteers in vitro, and were studied in terms of shape and phenotype of CD83, CD1a,CD86, HLA-DR by flow cytometry then. MTT method was used to measured the capability of DC in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR). RESULT: The shape of DC derived from monocyte in the healthy volunteers' peripheral blood was more typical than that of NPC patients'. The expression rate of CD83, CD1a on DC from healthy volunteers was significantly higher than that from NPC patients (P < 0.05). The DC from healthy volunteers had the higher expression level of CD1a and CD83 than that from NPC patients, but not significantly( P > 0.05). DC in healthy volunteer's group could trigger proliferation of allogenous lymphocyte (P < 0.05) but it could not significantly do that in NPC patients group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results reveal that the yield of DC derived from NPC patient's monocyte is lower than that from healthy individual's in peripheral blood,and the DC from NPC patient may be in an immature state and could not trigger the proliferation of lymphocyte.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Establishment of an in vitro model of brain-blood barrier].

OBJECTIVE: To establish an in vitro model of brain-blood barrier (BBB) using cultured mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC). METHODS: Mouse BMVEC were seeded on micro-pore membrane of gelatin-coated cell culture insert and cultured to confluence. The establishment of BBB was preliminary judged by a 4 h water-leaking test. The tight junctions between BMVEC were demonstrated by scanning and transmission electron microscope. The transendothelial electrical resistance(TEER) over BMVEC was measured. The permeability of Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through the BBB was analyzed and the effect of RMP-7 on permeability of the BBB was investigated. RESULTS: The 4 h water-leaking test became positive when BMVEC were cultured to confluence. By scanning and transmission electron microscope, the tight junctions were demonstrated on confluent BMVEC. The TEER over BMVEC monolayer increased 3.2 and 7.68 times and the permeability rates for HRP were 13.4% and 6.7% respectively, as compared with sub-confluent BMVEC and human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayer(HUVEC). The HRP permeability rate in the model of BBB increased 2.7 times after treatment with RMP-7. CONCLUSION: The established in vitro model of BBB has basic characteristics of BBB in vivo, and is suitable for central nervous system (CNS) drug research over BBB.

Animals↗