Biomedical subjects

Ying Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Ying Zhang.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Dexamethasone increases Na+/K+ ATPase activity in insulin secreting cells through SGK1.

Glucocorticoids blunt insulin release, an effect partially due to activation of Kv channels. Similar to those channels Na+/K+ ATPase activity repolarizes the plasma membrane. The present study explored whether glucocorticoids increase the Na+/K+ ATPase activity in pancreatic beta-cells. The glucocorticoid dexamethasone (100 nmol/l for 1 day) significantly increased Na+/K+ ATPase alpha1/beta1-subunit transcript levels and ouabain-sensitive outward current reflecting Na+/K+ ATPase activity in INS-1 cells, effects blunted by glucocorticoid-receptor-blocker RU487 (1 micromol/l). Dexamethasone (100 nmol/l) increased K+ current in beta-cells from wild type mice but not from knockout mice lacking functional serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase SGK1. Thus, glucocorticoids indeed up-regulate Na+/K+ ATPase activity, an effect requiring SGK1.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Construction of a 7-fold BAC library and cytogenetic mapping of 10 genes in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca).

BACKGROUND: The giant panda, one of the most primitive carnivores, is an endangered animal. Although it has been the subject of many interesting studies during recent years, little is known about its genome. In order to promote research on this genome, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of the giant panda was constructed in this study. RESULTS: This BAC library contains 198,844 clones with an average insert size of 108 kb, which represents approximately seven equivalents of the giant panda haploid genome. Screening the library with 15 genes and 8 microsatellite markers demonstrates that it is representative and has good genome coverage. Furthermore, ten BAC clones harbouring AGXT, GHR, FSHR, IRBP, SOX14, TTR, BDNF, NT-4, LH and ZFX1 were mapped to 8 pairs of giant panda chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). CONCLUSION: This is the first large-insert genomic DNA library for the giant panda, and will contribute to understanding this endangered species in the areas of genome sequencing, physical mapping, gene cloning and comparative genomic studies. We also identified the physical locations of ten genes on their relative chromosomes by FISH, providing a preliminary framework for further development of a high resolution cytogenetic map of the giant panda.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

CutDB: a proteolytic event database.

Beyond the well-known role of proteolytic machinery in protein degradation and turnover, many specialized proteases play a key role in various regulatory processes. Thousands of highly specific proteolytic events are associated with normal and pathological conditions, including bacterial and viral infections. However, the information about individual proteolytic events is dispersed over multiple publications and is not easily available for large-scale analysis. CutDB is one of the first systematic efforts to build an easily accessible collection of documented proteolytic events for natural proteins in vivo or in vitro. A CutDB entry is defined by a unique combination of these three attributes: protease, protein substrate and cleavage site. Currently, CutDB integrates 3070 proteolytic events for 470 different proteases captured from public archives (such as MEROPS and HPRD) and publications. CutDB supports various types of data searches and displays, including clickable network diagrams. Most importantly, CutDB is a community annotation resource based on a Wikipedia approach, providing a convenient user interface to input new data online. A recent contribution of 568 proteolytic events by several experts in the field of matrix metallopeptidases suggests that this approach will significantly accelerate the development of CutDB content. CutDB is publicly available at http://cutdb.burnham.org.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Partial deficiency of DNA-PKcs increases ionizing radiation-induced mutagenesis and telomere instability in human cells.

The correct repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential to maintaining the integrity of the genome. Misrepair of DSBs is detrimental to cells and organisms, leading to gene mutation, chromosomal aberration, and cancer development. Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is one of the principal rejoining processes in most higher eukaryotic cells. NHEJ is facilitated by DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), which is composed of a catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs, and the heterodimeric DNA binding regulatory complex Ku70/86. Null mutation of DNA-PKcs leads to immunodeficiency, chromosomal aberration, gene mutation, telomeric end-capping failure, and cancer predisposition in animals and cells. However, it is unknown whether partial deficiency of DNA-PKcs as might occur in a fraction of the population (e.g., heterozygotes), influences cellular function. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, we established partial deficiency of DNA-PKcs in human cells, ranging from 4 to 85% of control levels. Our results reveal for the first time, that partial deficiency of DNA-PKcs leads to increased ionizing radiation (IR)-induced mutagenesis, cell killing, and telomere dysfunction. Radiation mutagenesis was increased inversely with DNA-PKcs protein level, with the most pronounced effect being observed in cells with protein levels below 50% of controls. A small but statistically significant increase in IR-induced cell killing was observed as DNA-PKcs levels decreased, over the entire range of protein levels. Frequencies of IR-induced telomere-DSB fusion was increased at levels of DNA-PKcs as low as approximately 50%, similar to what would be expected in heterozygous individuals. Taken together, our results suggest that even partial deficiency of DNA repair proteins may represent a considerable risk to genomic stability.

Cell Line↗

PubMed2006

A new antibody immobilization strategy based on electro-deposition of gold nanoparticles and Prussian Blue for label-free amperometric immunosensor.

A novel and sensitive immunosensor has been developed by electro-depositing gold nanoparticles on to a Prussian Blue-modified glassy carbon electrode for determination of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). After the developed immunosensor was incubated with different concentrations of HBsAg samples at 37 degrees C for 15 min, the current response decreased with an increasing HBsAg concentration in the sample solution. The decreased percentage of the current was proportional to HBsAg concentration ranging from 2 to 300 ng HbsAg ml(-1) with a detection limit of 0.42 ng HbsAg ml(-1) (S/N = 3). Analytical results of 50 specimens using the developed immunosensor showed satisfactory agreement with those using ELISA, indicating the method to be a promising alternative for detecting HBsAg in clinical diagnosis.

Antibodies↗

PubMed2006

Exo70 interacts with the Arp2/3 complex and regulates cell migration.

The exocyst is a multiprotein complex essential for tethering secretory vesicles to specific domains of the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Here, we report that the exocyst component Exo70 interacts with the Arp2/3 complex, a key regulator of actin polymerization. We further show that the exocyst-Arp2/3 interaction is regulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) signalling. Inhibition of Exo70 by RNA interference (RNAi) or antibody microinjection blocks the formation of actin-based membrane protrusions and affects various aspects of cell motility. We propose that Exo70, in addition to functioning in exocytosis, also regulates actin at the leading edges of migrating cells, therefore coordinating cytoskeleton and membrane traffic during cell migration.

Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex↗

PubMed2006

Annotation and expression profile analysis of 2073 full-length cDNAs from stress-induced maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings.

Full-length cDNAs are very important for genome annotation and functional analysis of genes. The number of full-length cDNAs from maize (Zea mays L.) remains limited. Here we report the construction of a full-length enriched cDNA library from osmotically stressed maize seedlings by using the modified CAP trapper method. From this library, 2073 full-length cDNAs were collected and further analyzed by sequencing from both the 5'- and 3'-ends. A total of 1728 (83.4%) sequences did not match known maize mRNA and full-length cDNA sequences in the GenBank database and represent new full-length genes. After alignment of the 2073 full-length cDNAs with 448 maize BAC sequences, it was found that 84 full-length cDNAs could be mapped to the BACs. Of these, 43 genes (51.2%) have been correctly annotated from the BAC clones, 37 genes (44.0%) have been annotated with a different exon-intron structure from our cDNA, and four genes (4.76%) had no annotations in the TIGR database. Expression analysis of 2073 full-length maize cDNAs using a cDNA macroarray led to the identification of 79 genes upregulated by stress treatments and 329 downregulated genes. Of the 79 stress-inducible genes, 30 genes contain ABRE, DRE, MYB, MYC core sequences or other abiotic-responsive cis-acting elements in their promoters. These results suggest that these cis-acting elements and the corresponding transcription factors take part in plant responses to osmotic stress either cooperatively or independently. Additionally, the data suggest that an ethylene signaling pathway may be involved in the maize response to drought stress.

DNA, Complementary↗

PubMed2006

Phospholipid fatty acid pattern and D-glucose metabolism in muscles from omega3 fatty acid-depleted rats.

A depletion in long-chain polyunsaturated omega3 fatty acids may affect fuel homeostasis. In such a perspective, the present study deals mainly with the in vitro fate of D-[U-(14)C]glucose in hemidiaphragms, stretched soleus and plantaris muscle pieces obtained from normal and omega3-depleted rats (second generation) and incubated in the absence or presence of insulin. When so required, the omega3-depleted rats were injected 120 min before sacrifice with either a omega3 fatty acid-rich medium-chain triglyceride:fish oil emulsion (FO) or a control medium-chain triglyceride:olive oil emulsion (OO). The content of the soleus muscle in long-chain polyunsaturated omega3 fatty acids was severely decreased in the omega3-depleted rats, and modestly albeit significantly increased after injection of FO to these animals. In stretched soleus muscles from OO-injected omega3-depleted rats, the absolute values for glycogen synthesis measured in the absence or presence of insulin were about twice higher than in normal animals. In the OO-injected omega3-depleted rats, insulin augmented the output of (14)C-labelled amino acids, whilst such was not the case in normal animals. These and other findings suggest a lower catabolism of D-glucose relative to the anabolic process of glycogen synthesis and a lower availability of endogenous amino acids in the muscles of omega3-depleted rats, as compared to those of control animals. The prior injection of FO to the omega3-depleted rats restored a normal value for the paired ratio between the output of (14)C-labelled amino acids and acidic metabolites, but further increased glycogen net synthesis. It is proposed, therefore, that the perturbation of d-glucose metabolism in muscles from omega3-depleted rats involves a multifactorial determinism, only some of the concerned factors being susceptible to rapid correction after enrichment of cell phospholipids in long-chain polyunsaturated omega3 fatty acids.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Experimental validation of predicted mammalian erythroid cis-regulatory modules.

Multiple alignments of genome sequences are helpful guides to functional analysis, but predicting cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) accurately from such alignments remains an elusive goal. We predict CRMs for mammalian genes expressed in red blood cells by combining two properties gleaned from aligned, noncoding genome sequences: a positive regulatory potential (RP) score, which detects similarity to patterns in alignments distinctive for regulatory regions, and conservation of a binding site motif for the essential erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. Within eight target loci, we tested 75 noncoding segments by reporter gene assays in transiently transfected human K562 cells and/or after site-directed integration into murine erythroleukemia cells. Segments with a high RP score and a conserved exact match to the binding site consensus are validated at a good rate (50%-100%, with rates increasing at higher RP), whereas segments with lower RP scores or nonconsensus binding motifs tend to be inactive. Active DNA segments were shown to be occupied by GATA-1 protein by chromatin immunoprecipitation, whereas sites predicted to be inactive were not occupied. We verify four previously known erythroid CRMs and identify 28 novel ones. Thus, high RP in combination with another feature of a CRM, such as a conserved transcription factor binding site, is a good predictor of functional CRMs. Genome-wide predictions based on RP and a large set of well-defined transcription factor binding sites are available through servers at http://www.bx.psu.edu/.

Amino Acid Motifs↗

PubMed2006

Brain phospholipid and triglyceride fatty acid content and pattern in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic rats.

The liver phospholipid and triglyceride content and/or fatty acid pattern differ(s) not solely in normal versus diabetic rats, but also in distinct rat models of diabetes mellitus. The present study reveals that a comparable situation prevails in the brain. Fed and overnight fasted female normal rats (N) and Goto-Kakizaki rats (GK), as well as fed rats rendered diabetic by a prior injection 3 days before sacrifice of streptozotocin (STZ) were examined. The brain phospholipid content, expressed as milligrams of fatty acids per gram wet weight, was comparable in all groups of rats, with an overall mean value of 31.2+/-0.8 (n=22). The GK rats differed from N and STZ rats by lower C18:0/C18:1omega9 and C18:2omega6/C18:3omega6 ratios and a lower C20:5omega3 content of brain phospholipids. The total amount of fatty acids in triglycerides was 7-8 times higher in GK than N and STZ rats. The GK rats differed from N and STZ rats by lower C16:0/C16:1omega7, C18:0/C18:1omega9 and (C16:0+C16:1omega7)/(C18:0+C18:1omega9) ratios in triglycerides. These findings extend to the brain, the knowledge of alterations in phospholipid and triglyceride content and/or fatty acid pattern in GK rats, as compared to N or STZ rats. The former rats indeed displayed: (i) an apparently increased activity of Delta9- and Delta6-desaturases, as suggested by the phospholipid measurements, and a decreased C20:5omega3 content in such phospholipids; (ii) a dramatic increase in brain triglyceride content; and (iii) an increased activity of Delta9-desaturase, as well as elongase, as judged from the triglyceride data.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2006

DAT/SERT selectivity of flexible GBR 12909 analogs modeled using 3D-QSAR methods.

The dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (1-{2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl}-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine, 1) and its analogs have been developed as tools to test the hypothesis that selective dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors will be useful therapeutics for cocaine addiction. This 3D-QSAR study focuses on the effect of substitutions in the phenylpropyl region of 1. CoMFA and CoMSIA techniques were used to determine a predictive and stable model for the DAT/serotonin transporter (SERT) selectivity (represented by pK(i) (DAT/SERT)) of a set of flexible analogs of 1, most of which have eight rotatable bonds. In the absence of a rigid analog to use as a 3D-QSAR template, six conformational families of analogs were constructed from six pairs of piperazine and piperidine template conformers identified by hierarchical clustering as representative molecular conformations. Three models stable to y-value scrambling were identified after a comprehensive CoMFA and CoMSIA survey with Region Focusing. Test set correlation validation led to an acceptable model, with q(2)=0.508, standard error of prediction=0.601, two components, r(2)=0.685, standard error of estimate=0.481, F value=39, percent steric contribution=65, and percent electrostatic contribution=35. A CoMFA contour map identified areas of the molecule that affect pK(i) (DAT/SERT). This work outlines a protocol for deriving a stable and predictive model of the biological activity of a set of very flexible molecules.

Cluster Analysis↗

PubMed2006

Replica molding of high-aspect-ratio polymeric nanopillar arrays with high fidelity.

Polymeric nanostructures with high aspect ratios, so-called nanopillars, are of interest for a wide range of applications. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate high-density, polymeric nanopillars using soft lithography when the feature size is decreased to hundreds of nanometers and the structures are close to each other. Here, we investigate the fidelity of replica molding technique to fabricate polymer nanopillar arrays with diameters ranging from 300 nm to 1 mum, and we compare the experimental results to the theoretical prediction to understand the nature of the instability of nanopillars. Nanopillars molded from soft materials, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), mainly ground collapse due to the adhesive force when the aspect ratio is above 6, whereas those from stiffer materials, polyurethane and epoxy, collapse laterally at a much higher aspect ratio (>/=12), of which the critical value is dependent on the nanopillar's feature size, spacing, height, and shape. Further, we attempt to restore the collapsed high-aspect-ratio nanopillars using supercritical CO(2) drying.

Dimethylpolysiloxanes↗

PubMed2006

Activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in primary sensory and dorsal horn neurons by peripheral inflammation contributes to heat hyperalgesia.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a unique member of the CDK family. It is predominantly expressed in postmitotic neurons and has been implicated in neuronal plasticity. The present study showed that Cdk5 and p35 were expressed in primary sensory and dorsal horn neurons, while p25, an N-terminal truncated derivative of p35, could only be detected in the dorsal horn neurons. Importantly, in the case of control rats, the p35 protein level was much higher in small- and medium-diameter DRG neurons than it was in large neurons. Following CFA injection, Cdk5 activity was upregulated in both primary sensory and dorsal horn neurons. Cdk5 activation in DRG neurons required p35, whereas p25 was required in the dorsal horn. Intrathecal pretreatment with Roscovitine, a specific inhibitor of Cdk5 activity, and intrathecal delivery of the DN-Cdk5(N144) gene both alleviated CFA-induced heat hyperalgesia but not mechanical allodynia. In contrast, overexpression of Cdk5, p35 or p25 in primary sensory and dorsal horn neurons significantly enhanced heat hyperalgesia. We conclude that Cdk5/p35 and Cdk5/p25 complexes in primary sensory and dorsal horn neurons may potentially be involved in nociceptive transmission after inflammation and may be employed in synaptic plasticity underlying pain hypersensitization.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Interactive atrial neural network: Determining the connections between ganglionated plexi.

BACKGROUND: The electrophysiologic functions of the intrinsic cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional interactions between ganglionated plexi within the intrinsic cardiac ANS. METHODS: The hearts of 21 dogs were exposed via right and/or left thoracotomy to expose the (1) anterior right ganglionated plexi near the caudal end of the sinoatrial node, (2) inferior right ganglionated plexi at the junction of inferior vena cava and atria, and (3) superior left ganglionated plexi near the junction of left superior pulmonary vein and left pulmonary artery. Ganglionated plexi were stimulated at 0.6 to 8.0 V (square waves, 20 Hz, 0.1-ms duration). Sinus rate, AH interval during atrial pacing, and ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation were compared before and after ganglionated plexi stimulation and after their ablation. RESULTS: Anterior right ganglionated plexi stimulation induced significant AH prolongation and slowing of ventricular rate and sinus rate. When inferior right ganglionated plexi was ablated, slowing of sinus rate by anterior right ganglionated plexi stimulation was unaltered, but inhibition of AV conduction was eliminated. Superior left ganglionated plexi stimulation induced similar effects on sinus and AV nodal function, and sinus rate slowing was markedly attenuated by anterior right ganglionated plexi ablation. Ablation of both anterior right ganglionated plexi and inferior right ganglionated plexi eliminated AV conduction inhibition but not sinus rate slowing by superior left ganglionated plexi stimulation. CONCLUSION: This study provides functional evidence for the interconnections between ganglionated plexi to modulate sinus and AV nodal function, supporting clinical evidence that interconnections within the intrinsic cardiac ANS are critical elements in identifying the targets for atrial fibrillation ablation.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Structural analysis of viral nucleocapsids by subtraction of partial projections.

The nucleocapsid of flavivirus particles does not have a recognizable capsid structure when using icosahedral averaging for cryo-electron microscopy structure determinations. The apparent absence of a definitive capsid structure could be due to a lack of synchronization of the symmetry elements of the external glycoprotein layer with those of the core or because the nucleocapsid does not have the same structure within each particle. A technique has been developed to determine the structure of the capsid, and possibly also of the genome, for icosahedral viruses, such as flaviviruses, using cryo-electron microscopy. The method is applicable not only to the analyses of viral cores, but also to the missing structure of multi-component complexes due to symmetry mismatches. The density contributed by external glycoprotein and membrane layers, derived from previously determined three-dimensional icosahedrally averaged reconstructions, was subtracted from the raw images of the virus particles. The resultant difference images were then used for a three-dimensional reconstruction. After appropriate test data sets were constructed and tested, the procedure was applied to examine the nucleocapsids of flaviviruses, which showed that there is no distinct protein density surrounding the genome. Furthermore, there was no evidence of any icosahedral symmetry within the nucleocapsid core.

Flavivirus↗

PubMed2006

Renal histology in Chinese patients with anti-myeloperoxidase autoantibody-positive Wegener's granulomatosis.

BACKGROUND: Proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA) was the serological marker for Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), while myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA was the serological marker for microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). However, our previous study suggested that patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG were common in Chinese. This study aimed to analyse the renal histology of patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG. METHODS: Patients in our centre with WG were selected according to both the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) definition and American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Patients with MPA were selected according to the CHCC definition. The renal histology was compared between patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG and with PR3-ANCA positive WG as well as patients with MPO-ANCA positive MPA. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients with WG had complete renal histological data, 39/61 with positive MPO-ANCA and 22/61 with positive PR3-ANCA. Among patients with crescents in glomeruli, those with MPO-ANCA had fewer cellular crescents and more fibrous crescents than those with PR3-ANCA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy were more prevalent and severe in patients with MPO-ANCA than in those with PR3-ANCA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Compared with 44 patients with MPO-ANCA positive MPA, patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG had fewer glomeruli with crescents and more normal glomeruli (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG are common in Chinese. In renal histology, chronic lesions were more severe and prevalent in patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG than in patients with PR3-ANCA positive WG. Glomerular lesions were less severe and less prevalent in patients with MPO-ANCA positive WG than in those with MPO-ANCA positive MPA.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Cellular cardiomyoplasty: improvement of left ventricular function correlates with the release of cardioactive cytokines.

A growing number of studies are reporting beneficial effects of the transplantation of alleged cardiac stem cells into diseased hearts after myocardial infarction. However, the mechanisms by which transplanted cells might help to promote repair of cardiac tissue are not understood and might involve processes different from the differentiation of transplanted cells into cardiomyocytes. We have compared the effects exerted by skeletal myoblasts (which are not able to form new cardiomyocytes) and ESC-derived cardiomyocytes after implantation into infarcted mouse hearts by echocardiographic follow-up and histological analysis and related these effects to the release of cardioactive cytokines. We found that both cell types led to a long-lasting improvement of left ventricle function and to an improvement of tissue architecture. Since no relevant amounts of myoblast-derived cells were present in infarcted hearts 28 days after transplantation, we investigated the release of cytokines from implanted cells both before and after transplantation into infarcted hearts. ESC-derived cardiomyocytes and myoblasts secreted substantial amounts of interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-beta, and oncostatin M, which strongly supported survival and protein synthesis of cultured cardiomyocytes. We postulate that the beneficial effects of the transplantation of myoblasts and cardiomyocytes on heart function and morphology only partially (if at all) depend on the integration of transplanted cells into the myocardium but do depend on the release of a complex blend of cardioactive cytokines.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Recoverable cognitive dysfunction at hospital admission in older persons during acute illness.

BACKGROUND: While acute illness and hospitalization represent pivotal events for older persons, their contribution to recoverable cognitive dysfunction (RCD) has not been well examined. OBJECTIVE: Our goals were to estimate the frequency and degree of RCD in an older hospitalized cohort; to examine the relationship of RCD with delirium and dementia; and to determine 1-year cognitive outcomes. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred and sixty patients aged > or =70 years drawn from consecutive admissions to an academic hospital. MEASUREMENTS: Patients underwent interviews daily during hospitalization and at 1 year. The primary outcome was RCD, defined as an admission Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score that improved by 3 or more points by discharge. RESULTS: Recoverable cognitive dysfunction occurred in 179 of 460 (39%) patients, with MMSE impairment at baseline ranging from 3 to 13 points (median=5.0 points). The majority of cases were not characteristic of either delirium or dementia, as 144 of 179 (80%) cases did not meet criteria for delirium, and 133 of 164 (81%) cases did not meet criteria for dementia at baseline. In multivariable analysis controlling for baseline MMSE level, 3 factors were predictive of RCD: higher educational level, preadmission functional impairment, and higher illness severity. At 1 year, further improvement in MMSE score occurred in 38 of 92 (41%) patients with RCD. Recoverable cognitive dysfunction was independently predictive of 1-year mortality with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.82 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03 to 3.20). CONCLUSIONS: Acute illness is accompanied by a high rate of RCD that is neither characteristic of delirium or dementia. Our observations underscore the reversible nature of this cognitive dysfunction with continued improvement over the ensuing year, and highlight the potential clinical implications of this under-recognized phenomenon.

Activities of Daily Living↗