Biomedical subjects

Yoshiko Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to Yoshiko Adachi.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A randomized controlled trial on the long-term effects of a 1-month behavioral weight control program assisted by computer tailored advice.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the long-term effects of a new behavioral weight control program (Kenkou-tatsujin, KT program). The program consisted of twice-interactive letter communications including computer-tailored personal advice on treatment needs and behavioral modification. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial comparing Group KM: KT program with 6-month weight and targeted behavior's self-monitoring, Group K: KT program only, Group BM: an untailored self-help booklet with 7-month self-monitoring of weight and walking, and Group B: the self-help booklet only. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundreds and five overweight Japanese females were recruited via a local newspaper. MEASUREMENTS: Weight loss (body weight, BMI, reduction quotient, etc.) and behavioral changes (daily eating, exercise and sleeping habits). FINDINGS: A significant weight loss was observed in all groups. At 1 month, Groups KM and K were superior, but at 7 months, the mean weight loss was significantly more in Group KM than the other 3 groups. At 7 months, 8 dietary habits and 4 physical activities were improved in all subjects. Habitual improvement was related to the weight loss in Groups KM and K at 1 month.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[A correspondence behavioral approach for 6 lifestyle's improvements in a workplace].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of a mediated minimal behavioral intervention aimed at lifestyle improvement in with reference to physical activity, healthy diet, appropriate alcohol consumption, quitting or decreasing smoking, dental care, and relaxation, coping with stress. Behavioral strategies used in this program were self-checks for these 6 daily habits, with goal setting for behavioral changes, and self-monitoring. The program ran for one month and support was provided for the participants to master behavioral techniques of self-control by explanation in the application format and rewards which were presented post intervention. METHODS: The participants were 435 office workers, 255 males (mean age: 46.6 years) and 180 females (mean age: 34.4 years). One healthcare provider managed the total intervention for all participants. Each selected optionally one of the 6 habits and 3 target behaviors from 10-12 realistic examples of behavior change on an application form. They received a monitoring sheet and a brief educational pamphlet for their selected habits. Next, they monitored and recorded their target behavior every day for one month. The primary outcome measures were behavior changes at the end of the intervention period and at 6 months thereafter. RESULTS: The results showed high compliance of application rates (7.8%) and record's performance ratios (80%). All habits improved significantly for a total of 18 concrete behavior traits: for example daily walking (P < .01), using stairs (P < .01), vegetable intake (P < .01), eating speed (P < .05), alcohol drinking frequency (P < .01), drinking frequency except at home (P < .05), cigarettes per day (P < .01), breathing cigarette smoke by the lungs (P < .01), teeth brushing frequency (P < .01), gum brushing frequency (P < .01), overall sleep time (P < .01), and taking a bath comfortably (P < .01). Two hundred and 72 (62.5%) subjects completed questionnaires after 6 months. Comparing pre, post, follow-up questionnaire, results 17 concrete behavior traits improved over the period studied. CONCLUSION: The intervention appeared to prompt and reinforce starting and practicing improved behavior because of the attractive application format, letter and rewards. Therefore, it was concluded that correspondence behavioral intervention is cost-effective and useful for lifestyle modification in the general population.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Behavioral treatment for chronic insomnia].

The efficacy of non-pharmacological intervention for chronic insomnia has been proven by several meta-analytic reviews, an NIH report, an American Academy of Sleep Medicine review, and numerous clinical trials. Behavior therapy for chronic insomnia consists of relaxation, stimulus control, sleep restriction, cognitive restructuring and sleep hygiene education, which has produced reliable and durable changes in total sleep time, sleep onset latency, number and duration of awakening. These studies also showed that the post-treatment effect of behavior therapy is equal to that of hypnotic therapy, and that these effects were maintained for 6 months on follow-up assessment. Elderly insomniac patients would gain considerable benefit from behavioral treatments because there are no adverse physical effects as there are from pharmacological therapy. The authors present the basic theory, techniques of behavior therapy for insomnia, and the results of two important key meta-analytic reviews. Any behavioral approach such as convenient education, self-care enhancement by bibliotherapy, and individual face-to-face counseling, seem to be fruitful not only for American but also Japanese insomnia patients. Nonetheless, there are no currently actual intervention studies using behavior therapy in Japan. We have discussed the methodology of intervention study and published a behavioral self-help manual for people with sleep problems. Development of a behavioral approach to chronic insomnia seemed to be very beneficial and a useful contribution to mental health services.

Behavior Therapy↗