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Biomedical subjects

Yoshio Ogawa

Publications and source records attributed to Yoshio Ogawa.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Testicular microlithiasis identified ultrasonographically in Japanese adult patients: prevalence and associated conditions.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of testicular microlithiasis (TM) seen by testicular ultrasonography (US) in Japanese adult men referred for andrologic symptoms and evaluate associations of TM with pathologic conditions. METHODS: For 7 years, US was performed in 969 patients (mean age 40.9 years) at one institution. The patients were divided into groups with infertility (n = 550), unilateral testicular tumor (n = 46), or other andrologic conditions (n = 373). TM was identified as multiple small hyperechogenic foci. In the tumor group, only images of the tumor-free testis were reviewed. Patients with TM accompanying tumor or infertility completed follow-up questionnaires and US examinations. RESULTS: TM was diagnosed in 46 patients (mean age 38.5 years, range 23 to 75). The prevalence of TM was 17.4% in the tumor group, 5.6% in the infertility group, and 1.9% in the other-conditions group. TM was associated with testicular tumor and infertility, but not with other conditions. In patients with unilateral testicular germ cell tumor, the prevalence of carcinoma in situ in the contralateral testis was greater when TM was present in that testis (2 of 8 patients) than when TM was absent (0 of 32, P = 0.0037). No new testicular tumor developed subsequently. In the infertility group, the 31 patients with TM showed no subsequent testicular tumor development, and neither patient undergoing testicular biopsy had carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSIONS: TM, as demonstrated by US, was associated with infertility, as well as testicular tumor. TM in a testis contralateral to a unilateral testicular germ cell tumor may increase the risk of carcinoma in situ.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Impact of aging on penile hemodynamics in men responding normally to prostaglandin injection: a power Doppler study.

AIM: Hemodynamic changes with aging in the penile arterial circulation, including the helicine arteries, were evaluated with power Doppler imaging in erectile dysfunction patients with a normal response to prostaglandin injection. METHODS: In 36 patients with erectile dysfunction and no definite vascular risk factors, 72 corpora were examined using power Doppler imaging. Patients were classified by age: younger than 40 years, from 40 to 49, or 50 and older. Hemodynamic variables in the cavernous arteries, helicine arteries and dorsal arteries were measured after intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 (20 microg). RESULTS: All cavernous arteries had a maximum peak systolic velocity of greater than 35 cm/s and a minimum end-diastolic velocity of less than 0 cm/s. Mean peak systolic velocity in the cavernous artery differed between groups (P = 0.016), especially between the younger than 40 age group and the 40-49 age group. Peak systolic velocity correlated negatively with age (P = 0.0048). In the helicine arteries and dorsal arteries, peak systolic velocity did not differ between groups and showed no correlation with age. End-diastolic velocity, resistance index and acceleration time did not differ between groups, or correlate with age for any artery. CONCLUSIONS: Hemodynamic change with aging occurs predominantly in the cavernous arteries, where peak systolic velocity decreases. The arterial circulation beyond the cavernous arteries, including the helicine arteries, as well as veno-occlusive mechanisms, may have an important role in maintaining erectile function in aging.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the prostate.

A giant cystic formation was found behind the prostate of a 69-year-old man who presented with urinary retention. Ultrasonography, computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large cystic intrapelvic mass and biopsy of the cyst wall diagnosed papillary cyst adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor originated from the prostate.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Immunohistochemical analysis of CD83, CD8 and CD4 positive cells in renal cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVES: In order to evaluate the immunological milieu in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we investigated infiltration by mature dendritic cells (CD83 positive cells), cytotoxic-T cells (CD8 positive cells) and helper-T cells (CD4 positive cells) in RCCs, as well as in surrounding normal tissues and correlations between the cell types. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens from 33 surgically resected RCCs were embedded in paraffin and then stained for CD4, CD8, CD83. Each section contained three areas, tumor tissue, tumor margin and normal renal parenchyma. Cells positive for CD4, CD8 and CD83 were counted each area. RESULT: Cells positive for CD4, CD8 and CD83 were observed predominantly in the tumor margins, rather than tumor tissue and normal renal parenchyma. The differences were significant in the number of immune positive cells between tumor margin and tumor tissue, and between tumor margin and normal renal parenchyma. A significant correlations was found between CD4 and CD83 positive cells (r = 0.805, p < 0.0001), and also between CD8 and CD83 positive cells (r = 0.505, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: It has been reported that mature dendritic cells induces cytotoxic-T cell and helper-T cell responses. Infiltrating mature dendritic cells, cytotoxic-T cells and helper-T cells were present only in the tumor margin. This may reflect significant immune reaction around the tumor margin.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Klinefelter syndrome].

Klinefelter's syndrome is defined by males with at least one Y chromosome and at least two X chromosomes. It represents the most common major abnormality of sexual differentiation. The original description was characterized by eunuchoidism, gynecomastia, azoospermia, and small, firm testes. Patients tend to be taller than average, mainly because of the disproportionate length of their legs. Serum testosterone is low to normal and gonadotropins are elevated. Histologically, seminiferous tubules degenerate and are replaced with hyaline. Some complications are occasionally found such as neoplasm, osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Treatment options include testosterone replacement for correction of the androgen deficiency. Recently, intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) of testicular spermatozoa resulted in several deliveries.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed2002

[MHC-class I expression on prostate carcinoma and modulation by IFN-gamma].

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated MHC-class I expression on both prostate cancer and normal prostate and compared those data with the number of CD8+ lymphocyte. Secondary, we investigated effect of IFN-gamma to the MHC-class I expression on prostate carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty cryo-preserved benign prostate samples (Seven normal prostates and five benign prostatic hypertrophy samples.) and fifteen prostate carcinoma samples were used for immunohistochemistry of CD8 and MHC-class I. Eleven fresh single cell suspensions of prostate carcinoma were used for IFN-gamma study. After 24 hours IFN-gamma stimulation, MHC-I expression was measured by FACs analysis. RESULTS: Interestingly, significant correlation was observed between MHC-class I expression and the CD8+ lymphocyte infiltrate (r = 0.705, P < 0.0001). After 24 hrs IFN-gamma stimulation, MHC-class I expression was up-regulated in all samples (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Reduced expression of MHC-class I was thought as one of the factor which is related to the reduced degree of TILs (tumor infiltratig lymphocytes) in prostate cancer. IFN-gamma which is secreted mainly from CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) might increase the degree of TIL through up-regulated MHC-class I.

Aged↗