Walking the void: being a rural PhD candidate.
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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Biomedical subjects
Ysanne Chapman
Publications and source records attributed to Ysanne Chapman.
Putting the evidence into practice: the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre experience.
For more than a decade, evidence-based practice has become the desired aim behind organized health care. Although a plethora of reasons exist as to why clinicians are reluctant to adopt research-based findings, the fundamentals relate to management of change and the nature of the individuals involved. Large organizations, with their daily routines and operations, are inherently difficult to change. Hence, one has to use the very structures that drive the organization to effect 'sustained' change. In large tertiary care facilities, such as the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, these structures are policies and procedures. This paper provides details of the process developed by the Nursing Affairs Practice Committee of the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre to achieve the committee mandate of: 'Establish and implement an evidence-based process for the systematic review and revision of nursing clinical standards, policies, procedures and protocols'.
Academies and Institutes↗
Development of palliative care in India: an overview.
India is a land of ancient civilizations with cities and villages, cultivated fields and works of art dating back 4,000 years. Currently, it is sharing the position of the second largest population in the world. Two-thirds of the population live in rural areas and only one-third live in urban areas. Because of these disparities in the population locations, the health-care system faces significant problems of adequate provision in rural areas. A lack of resources, illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness about the types of available health care make developing palliative-care services a major challenge in India.
Attitude to Health↗
Baccalaureate nursing studies: voyaging towards discovery.
Postregistration nursing courses are designed to enable registered nurses to convert their existing certificate or diploma qualifications to degree level. This paper presents the findings of a preliminary exploratory, descriptive investigation into the experience of nurses undertaking postregistration degree studies in Malaysian Borneo. The unique nature of this environment presents challenges for these students and these are examined using the metaphor of a ship's voyage. These experiences are explored within themes of setting sail, finding one's sea legs, all in the same boat and discovering the treasure. The findings indicate that, for most of the participants, completion of a baccalaureate postregistration course was a long-held goal. A number of challenges were faced during the course, including managing time, the stress of conflicting priorities and the adjustment to tertiary studies. Support from fellow students, faculty and family was crucial to successfully completing this course. Personal and professional changes were reported by all participants. These include an increased level of confidence and assertiveness, the development of critical thinking ability, and enhanced communication skills. Ultimately, participants reported a renewed attitude towards themselves and their profession.
Borneo↗
The study of nursing documentation complexities.
This study aimed to explore complexities in nursing documentation and related factors. Nursing documentation has been one of the most important functions of nurses since the time of Florence Nightingale because it serves multiple and diverse purposes. Current health-care systems require that documentation ensures continuity of care, furnishes legal evidence of the process of care and supports evaluation of quality of patient care. However, nursing documentation has not served such objectives because of its complexities. This study explores nursing documentation complexities and related factors through both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The study used multiple methods of inquiry: in-depth interviewing; participant observation; nominal group processing; focus group meetings; time and motion study of nursing activities; and auditing of completeness of nursing documentation. Complexities in nursing documentation include three aspects: disruption, incompleteness and inappropriate charting. Related factors that influenced documentation comprised: limited nurses' competence, motivation and confidence; ineffective nursing procedures; and inadequate nursing audit, supervision and staff development. These findings suggest that complexities in nursing documentation require extensive resolution and implicitly dictate strategies for nurse managers and nurses to take part in solving these complicated obstacles.
Documentation↗
The experience of whanau caring for members disabled from the effects of a cerebro-vascular accident.
The study sought to understand the experience of Māori in accepting responsibility for the care of a whanau member following a cerebro-vascular accident (CVA). The importance and role of whanau, kaumatua and kuia to Māori as a distinctive ethnic entity is well known and acknowledged in coming to an understanding of Māori society. Whanau has a very large part to play in the care of the family member disabled by CVA. There is extensive literature that deals with these issues, yet there is little that deals with disability issues and in particular those issues that arise following CVA. A qualitative study was conducted examining the experience of Whanau caring for members disabled from the effects of CVA. Individual and focus group interviews were undertaken with Māori patients and their caregivers to explore this phenomenon. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach and highlighted three time stages of concern, namely (1) the onset of the event, (2) hospitalisation, and (3) discharge care.
Caregivers↗
Innovative model of maternity care supporting vulnerable rural populations.
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Australia↗
The influence of HIV/AIDS on the practice of primary care nurses in Jordan: rhetoric and reality.
The role of nurses in raising community awareness about HIV/AIDS is well-reported. However, little is known about the practice of Jordanian nurses and the role they play in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. This interpretive ethnographic study sought to illuminate the role of primary care nurses and examine the influence of HIV/AIDS on their practice. The study was undertaken in Jordan in three rural and three urban primary health-care centres. Data collection included participant observation, key informant interviews and document analysis. These data informed the development of descriptive ethnographic accounts that allowed for the subsequent identification of common and divergent themes reflective of factors recognized as influencing the practice of the nurse participants. The findings indicate that the rhetoric offered by all levels of administration and endorsed in policy is not reflective of the reality of practice. Poor resources and educational preparation, a limited nursing skill mix and access to professional development, lack of nursing leadership and role models, cultural beliefs and geographic isolation are factors that reduced the capacity of the primary care nurses to raise awareness and, therefore, influence the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
In search of the Holy Grail: a reply to Sioban Nelson.
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Australia↗
Our interest is swelling: a collaborative venture to establish the world's first free public screening for lymphoedema.
This article describes the collaborative processes involved in the implementation of a free public health screening program for people at risk of lymphoedema following the removal of lymph nodes during surgery to control breast, prostate and other cancers, or injury. The planning phase of the program is described with emphasis on the need to secure a well situated venue, the commitment of a cohort of key health professionals, service club and lay volunteers, and the need to carefully target and publicise the event widely. The implementation phase requires careful consideration of the physical layout of the event, the direction and management of the flow of human traffic, information and equipment requirements, and recognition that screening programs place people in vulnerable positions. Effective communication skills are essential, as is a knowledge of where people can be referred should the need arise. A budget is provided together with discussion regarding the success of the program and recommendations for future consideration such as the need to target men to attend screening and for long term follow up of the outcomes.
Australia↗
Perceptions of the researcher: in-depth interviewing in the home.
In this paper we explore the home as a setting to collect qualitative data. The text is drawn from a collaborative research initiative that sought to interview people with cardiac disease. The literature pays little attention to the home as a venue for in-depth data gathering and yet from our experience it is very different to other settings. We argue the need for extra consideration to aspects such as trust, self-disclosure and safety, and draw these conclusion from the data gathered in the field.
House Calls↗
Jordan's vulnerability: a population at risk of HIV/AIDS.
This paper describes the findings of an ethnographic study that sought to explore the influence of HIV/AIDS on the practice of primary care nurses in Jordan. The study was undertaken in three (3) rural and three (3) urban comprehensive primary health care centres. Data collection included participant observation, key informant interviews, field notation and document analysis. These data informed the development of descriptive ethnographic accounts that allowed for the subsequent identification of common and divergent themes reflective of factors recognized as influencing the practice of nurses. The findings indicate that the ability of the nurses to raise awareness and therefore reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS is unrealistic. Data shows that the population is at risk because the nurses' knowledge and skill base is inadequate and the health care facilities are crippled by limited human and physical resources. Poor management and the lack of localised leadership are also factors identified as contributing to the vulnerability of Jordanians. Enhanced commitment from the Ministry of Health and the senior nursing administration in Jordan is required if the comprehensive primary health care centres are to meet expectations and improve health outcomes of the population. Funding must be directed to improve the infrastructure of the comprehensive primary health care centres and adequate concurrent funds provided for the purchase of non-capital items. It is crucial that support be made available to up-skill the nursing staff and superior recruitment and retention initiatives implemented to address the current nursing shortages.
Anthropology, Cultural↗