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Biomedical subjects

Yu Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Yu Wang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Iptakalim, opener of K(ATP), reverses the enhanced expression of genes encoding K(ATP) subunits in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)) are thought to be targets for antihypertensive drugs that are potassium channel openers. In this study, the expression of genes encoding the K(ATP) subunits, SUR2, Kir6.1 and Kir6.2, was detected in tissues from Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and SHR undergoing long-term treatment with iptakalim, a novel antihypertensive drug that acts via K(ATP). The transcript levels for SUR2, Kir6.1 and Kir6.2 in the heart, aortic smooth muscle, and tail artery smooth muscle were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In general, Kir6.2 and SUR2 were more highly represented in all SHR tissues compared with those of WKY, and transcripts of Kir6.2 were significantly higher in tail artery smooth muscle from SHR. Following long-term treatment with iptakalim, mRNA levels of Kir6.2 and SUR2 were reduced significantly in all tissues compared with those of untreated SHR. Kir6.1 expression was not significantly different between SHR and WKY, and was unaffected by iptakalim treatment. These results indicate that the expression of the K(ATP) subunits genes, SUR2 and Kir6.2, are closely associated with hypertensive pathological states, and the effect of iptakalim on K(ATP) mRNA levels may explain, in part, the effects of iptakalim in reversing vascular and cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, changes in Kir6.2 mRNA levels suggest that Kir6.x, as well as SUR, is responsible for drug binding.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed2005

Epithelial proliferation induces novel changes in APC expression.

The role of wild-type adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein in native epithelia is poorly understood. The present study examined the relationships between wild-type APC and beta-catenin expression in an established model of hyperproliferation, transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia (TMCH). Distal colonic crypts isolated from normal or TMCH mice were: (i) fractionated into cytosolic and nuclear components for Western blotting and immunoprecipitation (IP), (ii) extracted for total RNA isolation for Northern blotting and, (iii) analysed immunohistochemically by confocal microscopy. Western blots performed sequentially through day 12 TMCH with N-terminal APC antibodies revealed increased abundance of approximately 312 kDa (p312) protein by day 6 (4.0 +/- 0.75-fold, n = 6) that peaked by day 9, before declining by day 12. A approximately 130 kDa (p130) band appeared at day 9 and increased by day 12 (1.5 +/- 0.11-fold, n = 6). A C-terminal antibody detected only p312. APC mRNA level did not change during TMCH and appearance of p130 was not due to alternative splicing. Co-IP with N-terminal anti-APC antibodies, revealed APC's association with beta-catenin both at day 6 and day 12. p130, but not p312, associated predominantly with beta-catenin at day 12 during co-IP with anti-beta-catenin. p130 also selectively accumulated in the nucleus, bound to nuclear beta-catenin at day 12. Immunocytochemistry with N-terminal antibodies revealed an increasing crypt base : surface gradient of APC within the apical pole/apical-lateral membranes at day 6. At day 12, intense apical/cytoplasmic and occasional nuclear staining along the longitudinal crypt axis was observed. Full-length APC increases during epithelial hyperproliferation and may represent a homoeostatic response. The dramatic increase in cytoplasmic and sporadic nuclear APC staining at day 12 with N-terminal antibodies may represent p130. The nuclear accumulation of p130 may be a novel mechanism regulating nuclear beta-catenin function during TMCH.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Preparative isolation and purification of two phenylbutenoids from the rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar by upright counter-current chromatography.

Two phenylbutenoids, (E)-4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-enyl acetate and (E)-4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)but-1,3-diene, were separated from the rhizomes of Zingiber Cassumunar using a preparative upright counter-current chromatography (CCC). With a two-phase solvent system composed of light petroleum (b.p. 60-90 degrees C)-ethanol-diethyl ether-water (5:4:2:1, v/v), 150 mg of (E)-4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-enyl acetate and 175 mg of (E)-4-(3','-dimethoxyphenyl)but- 1,3-diene with the purity of 98.7 and 95.1%, respectively, were obtained from 600 mg of the crude sample of Z. Cassumunar in a single-step separation. Structures of these two compounds were identified by ESI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR.

Acetates↗
PubMed2005

[Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus reinfection after liver transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of the protocol of combination of lamivudine with low dosage hepatitis B immuno-globulin (HBIG) to prevent HBV reinfection and of the treatment for HBV reinfection after liver transplantation. METHODS: From December 2000 to May 2003, 11 patients (follow-up is more than 1 year) had been transplanted due to HBV related end-stage liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma. All patients received the protocol of combination of lamivudine with low dosage HBIG to prevent HBV reinfection after liver transplantation. Lamivudine was administered for more than 2 weeks. Preoperatively patients with HBV-DNA(-) and HBeAg(-) accepted HBIG 2000 IU intramuscular injection. Patients with HBV-DNA(+) or HBeAg(+) before operation accepted HBIG 4000 IU intramuscular injection, and patients with both HBV-DNA(+) and HBeAg(+) before operation accepted HBIG 6000 IU intramuscular injection. All patients took long-term lamivudine postoperatively. They accepted HBIG 800 IU/d for 1 week after transplantation. Two weeks after operation, dosage of HBIG was adjusted so that the titer of HBsAb was higher than 500 IU/L, but lower than 1000 IU/L, and this treatment lasted for 6 months. 6 months after operation, dosage of HBIG was adjusted so that tite of HBsAb higher than 300 IU/L but lower than 500 IU/L, and this treatment lasted for 6 months. One year after operation, dosage of HBIG was adjusted so that tite of HBsAb was higher than 100 IU/L but lower than 300 IU/L, and this treatment lasted for a long time. Examinations of liver function, HBV-DNA and hepatitis B were regularly taken. To observe the early turning to be negative rate, the later HBV reinfection rate, and the efficacy of the treatment for HBV reinfection. RESULTS: HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV-DNA in all patients turned to be negative in 1-4 days after operation. All patients responded to HBIG, and level of titer of HBsAb was elevated gradually. All patients was alive during the observation time. The regular examination of HBsAb showed that of HBsAb was in line with our expectation. Hepatitis B recurrence occurred in 1 patient 25 months after transplantation. Through using adefovir and adding the dosage of HBIG, the hepatitis B is in control. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol of combination of lamivudine with low dosage HBIG proved to be highly effective and safe in preventing the recurrence of HBV after liver transplantation. It also reduced the cost obviously.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Analyzing core-shell structured zinc doped MgO Wrapped Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO3 nanoparticles.

BST nanoparticles were directly synthesized from solution at 70 degrees C and then wrapped with zinc doped MgO in solution. This core-shell structure was analyzed by a conjunction of XRD, HRTEM, and FE-SEM. The lattice cell parameter of BST core was found to have shrinkage. The lattice cell mismatch between core and shell creates a variation of lattice cell parameter of BST core and we proposed a new method to estimate it by the XRD peak broadening effect. Two possible modes of matching the BST core and MZO shell were suggested and mode II was assigned to our core-shell structure by the observation of HRTEM and analysis of XRD data. Un-grown BST nanoparticles can also be observed by FE-SEM in fracture grains of the ceramics, which was sintered at 1350 degrees C.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

[A study on the mechanism of islet cell insulin resistance in high-fat-diet obese rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of insulin signal transduction in islet cells of high-fat-diet rats with peripheral insulin resistance (IR). METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: high-fat-diet group and control group to be fed with high-fat food and normal food respectively. Twenty weeks after the rats were sacrificed. The contents of insulin and glucagon in homogenate of pancreas were detected during islet cell perifusion, and insulin receptor (IRc) and insulin receptor substrates (IRS-1 and IRS-2) were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: (1) The insulin sensitive index (ISI) was significantly decreased in the high-fat-diet rats in comparison with the normal rats, while the contents of glucagon in blood and in homogenate of pancreas were both significantly increased in the high-fat-diet rats (362 pg/ml +/- 58 pg/ml vs 291 pg/ml +/- 35 pg/ml; 442 pg/ml +/- 56 pg/ml vs 287 pg/ml +/- 48 pg/ml, both P < 0.05). (2) The glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was impaired in the high-fat-diet rats. 16.7 nmol/L glucose could inhibit the glucagon secretion by the alpha cells of the normal rats, but not of the high-fat-diet rats. (3) The expression of IRc, IRS-1 and IRS-2 in islets was stronger in the peripheral cells (non-insulin secretion cells) than in the center cells (insulin secretion cells). The expression of IRc and IRS-2 was significantly decreased by 28% and 22% respectively in the high-fat-diet rats compared with the normal controls (both P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: High-fat-diet rats have impairment of insulin signal transduction in islet cells, which may contribute to the insulin resistance of islet alpha and beta cells and explain, at least in part, the dysfunction of the islet cells under peripheral IR.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Abnormal expression of Thy-1 as a novel tumor marker in lung cancer and its prognostic significance].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of Thy-1 immunohistochemically in different lung tumors and its prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. We also evaluate relationship between Thy-1 and p53 expression status so as to find any clue about the mechanism. METHODS: In this study, we used anti-Thy-1/CD90 antibody to detect the expression pattern of Thy-1 in different lung tumor sections, which were embedded in paraffin blocks. The expressions of Thy-1 in 175 lung tissue cases, including different pathological types, were analyzed as tissue array form. We also detect expression status in 91 NSCLC among these cases and analyze the relationship between Thy-1 and p53. The relationship between Thy-1 expression and patients' survival was studied. RESULTS: We first found that anti-Thy-1 antibody can strongly stain a nuclear molecule in different type of lung cancer cells. Among lung cancer cases, 89 (56.7%) cases showed strong nuclear staining for Thy-1 specially. In univariate and multivariate analysis for 91 NSCLC patients we found TNM staging, lymph node status and Thy-1 overexpression in nuclei were independent factors to affect the prognosis of NSCLC patients. In lymph node non metastasis subgroup cases, Thy-1 negative patients had significant longer survival than Thy-1 positive cases (mean survival: 46.42 mons vs 38.56 mons, P = 0.0207). There was a significant association between Thy-1 and p53 expression (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: There is a significant overexpressed Thy-1 located in lung cancer cell nucleus as compared to the normal tissue or benign tumor cells of lung, and it is one of the factors effected on the prognosis of NSCLC patients. This finding suggests that Thy-1 maybe a novel latent malignant marker in the lung cancer pathology. The association between Thy-1 and p53 expression in nucleus suggests that p53 protein and Thy-1 may have some interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Competitive sorption behavior of copper(II) and herbicide propisochlor on humic acids.

The competitive sorption behavior of Cu2+ and propisochlor on humic acids (HA) was investigated using a batch method. The sorption equilibrium time of propisochlor on HA was 12 h when its initial concentration was 4 or 10 mg L(-1). The results showed that the Langmuir model can best describe the sorption behavior of propisochlor on HA. The added Cu2+ reduced the solid-phase concentration of propisochlor on HA, and the Langmuir model can also describe the sorption behavior of propisochlor on HA when the Cu2+ concentration is 100 and 200 mg L(-1). The sorption of propisochlor on HA did not remarkably affect the sorption of Cu2+ on HA when the concentration of propisochlor was below 20 mg L(-1). Cu2+ may compete with propisochlor for the sorption sites of HA, such as carboxylic and phenolic groups. It can be concluded that Cu2+ fast adsorbed to the HA matrix, altered its physical and chemical properties, and thus decreased the solid-phase concentrations of propisochlor on HA. In natural water, Cu2+ may promote the release of propisochlor from HA, and thus affect its transport, transformation, and fate in the environment.

Acetamides↗
PubMed2005

As a whole: crystalline zinc aluminate nanotube array--nanonet.

A large-area crystalline zinc aluminate nanotube array on its own nanonet was prepared by thermal replication on an anodized aluminum oxide template and through the gas-solid reaction between Zn vapor, Al2O3, and residual O2 or produced H2O. The free-standing nanotube array plus the nanonet structure, as a whole, was at least 900 mum2 in area. Each nanotube, 70-80 nm in diameter, was seamlessly connected to an underlying pore in the nanonet and was about 800 and 15 nm in length and wall thickness, respectively. The nanonet was about 20 nm thick. Both the ZnAl2O4 nanotube and nanonet were in face-centered cubic crystal form and grew along the [12] direction.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Transfusion of multi-factors activated immune cells as a novel treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Host-virus interactions play a central role in determining the prognosis of hepatitis B virus infection. Multi-factors activated immune cells (MAICs) are autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma. The present pilot clinical trial was designed to determine whether adoptively transferred MAICs inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus and is safe for patients. STUDY DESIGN: Fourteen patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled in the study. A total of (1.5-4.0)x10(9) peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from each patient and activated by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma in vitro for 10 days to produce MAICs. Cell phenotypes and levels of cytokine secretion were determined during cell culture. Patients were followed up for 1 year after the transfusion of MAICs. RESULTS: After 10 days of culture, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were expanded to a mean fold of 4.68+/-1.78 and activated effectively, as demonstrated by CD25 expression and cytokine secretion. Cell activation peaked on day 4. All patients accepted the MAICs transfusion with some slight adverse events, and fulminant hepatitis and bilirubinemia were not observed. Significant HBV inhibition was observed in 8 out of 14 patients, in which 5 patients achieved complete response (defined as that serum HBV DNA levels below the detection limit, occurrence of HBeAg seroconversion and normalization of ALT were observed together after MAICs transfusion and kept for at least 6 months) and 3 patients achieved partial response (defined as that serum HBV DNA levels below the detection limit, occurrence of HBeAg disappearance and normalization of ALT were observed together in 6 months after MAICs transfusion, but kept for less than 6 months). CONCLUSION: These findings strongly suggest that MAICs transfusion, which effectively inhibits the replication of hepatitis B virus, is safe for patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

A dynamic neuro-fuzzy model providing bio-state estimation and prognosis prediction for wearable intelligent assistants.

BACKGROUND: Intelligent management of wearable applications in rehabilitation requires an understanding of the current context, which is constantly changing over the rehabilitation process because of changes in the person's status and environment. This paper presents a dynamic recurrent neuro-fuzzy system that implements expert-and evidence-based reasoning. It is intended to provide context-awareness for wearable intelligent agents/assistants (WIAs). METHODS: The model structure includes the following types of signals: inputs, states, outputs and outcomes. Inputs are facts or events which have effects on patients' physiological and rehabilitative states; different classes of inputs (e.g., facts, context, medication, therapy) have different nonlinear mappings to a fuzzy "effect." States are dimensionless linguistic fuzzy variables that change based on causal rules, as implemented by a fuzzy inference system (FIS). The FIS, with rules based on expertise and evidence, essentially defines the nonlinear state equations that are implemented by nuclei of dynamic neurons. Outputs, a function of weighing of states and effective inputs using conventional or fuzzy mapping, can perform actions, predict performance, or assist with decision-making. Outcomes are scalars to be extremized that are a function of outputs and states. RESULTS: The first example demonstrates setup and use for a large-scale stroke neurorehabilitation application (with 16 inputs, 12 states, 5 outputs and 3 outcomes), showing how this modelling tool can successfully capture causal dynamic change in context-relevant states (e.g., impairments, pain) as a function of input event patterns (e.g., medications). The second example demonstrates use of scientific evidence to develop rule-based dynamic models, here for predicting changes in muscle strength with short-term fatigue and long-term strength-training. CONCLUSION: A neuro-fuzzy modelling framework is developed for estimating rehabilitative change that can be applied in any field of rehabilitation if sufficient evidence and/or expert knowledge are available. It is intended to provide context-awareness of changing status through state estimation, which is critical information for WIA's to be effective.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed2005

[Analysis of CT antigen expression and humoral immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 protein in gastric carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of 11 cancer-testis (CT) genes and autologous humoral immune response to NY-ESO-1 in gastric carcinoma in China to provide some data for developing a vaccine against this cancer. METHODS: Pathology tests were conducted in 101 gastric carcinoma samples, including tumor tissue and paired adjacent normal non-tumor tissue. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to test for 11 CT antigen gene expression and ELISA for autologous humoral immune response to NY-ESO-1. The antigen of NY-ESO-1 was also detected in tumor tissues by mAb E978 in IHC. RESULTS: About 74.3% of the samples expressed at least one CT antigen, and the most frequently expressed one was MAGE-3 (41.6%). Twelve out of the 101 samples (11.9%) were found to be NY-ESO-1 mRNA positive. Simultaneously, autologous humoral immune response to NY-ESO-1 was detected in 6 of 12 NY-ESO-1 mRNA positive patients. CONCLUSION: Multiple CT genes were expressed in gastric cancer samples. MAGE-3, SSX-1, SSX-4, NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1, and MAGE-1 can be chosen as candidate antigens for cancer vaccines due to their higher expression rate. The potential of a multivalent CT antigen vaccine, including NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-3 along with other CT antigens, should be evaluated in patients with gastric cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed2005

Proteolytic activation of alternative CCR1 ligands in inflammation.

Although chemokines CCL3/MIP-1alpha and CCL5/RANTES are considered to be primary CCR1 ligands in inflammatory responses, alternative CCR1 ligands have also been described. Indeed, four such chemokines, CCL6/C10/MIP-related protein-1, CCL9/MIP-1gamma/MIP-related protein-2, CCL15/MIP-1delta/hemofiltrate CC chemokine-2/leukotactin-1, and CCL23/CKbeta8/myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor-1, are unique in possessing a separately encoded N-terminal domain of 16-20 residues and two additional precisely positioned cysteines that form a third disulfide bridge. In vitro, these four chemokines are weak CCR1 agonists, but potency can be increased up to 1000-fold by engineered or expression-associated N-terminal truncations. We examined the ability of proinflammatory proteases, human cell supernatants, or physiological fluids to perform N-terminal truncations of these chemokines and thereby activate their functions. Remarkably, most of the proteases and fluids removed the N-terminal domains from all four chemokines, but were relatively unable to cleave the truncated forms further. The truncated chemokines exhibited up to 1000-fold increases in CCR1-mediated signaling and chemotaxis assays in vitro. In addition, N-terminally truncated CCL15/MIP-1delta and CCL23/CKbeta8, but not CCL3/MIP-1alpha or CCL5/RANTES, were detected at relatively high levels in synovial fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients. These data suggest that alternative CCR1 ligands are converted into potent chemoattractants by proteases released during inflammatory responses in vivo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Microsurgical resection of tumors lateroventral and ventral to the high cervical spinal cord.

BACKGROUND: Since there are a complex anatomic structure and vital function in the high cervical spinal cord, it is difficult to remove the tumors lateroventral and ventral to the high cervical spinal cord. This clinical study was undertaken to analyze surgical approaches, manner of tumor resection and postoperative management. METHODS: Thirty-four patients underwent microsurgical excision of tumors lateroventral and ventral to the high cervical spinal cord by means of three approaches. The tumors comprised mostly Schwannoma and meningioma (88.24%, 30/34) in this group. Tumor volume varied from 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 12 cm x 3.0 cm x 2.5 cm. Of the 34 patients, 4 had dumbbell-shaped tumors growing outside the spinal canal and 7 tumors growing into the intracranium. RESULTS: The tumor was totally removed in 32 patients (94.1%). Follow-up for 7 months to 6.4 years (median 3.6 years) showed a recovery of a normal life or work ability in 30 (83.3%) patients. CONCLUSION: Modified operative approaches and microsurgical techniques can raise the rate of total tumor removal and reduce the disability of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Adsorption behavior of herbicide butachlor on typical soils in China and humic acids from the soil samples.

Three kinds of soils in China, krasnozem, fluvo-aquic soil, and phaeozem, as well as the humic acids (HAs) isolated from them, were used to adsorb the herbicide butachlor from water. Under the experimental conditions, the adsorption amount of butachlor on soils was positively correlated with the content of soil organic matter. HAs extracted from different kinds of soils had different adsorption capacity for the tested herbicide, which was positively correlated with their content of carbonyls. The adsorption mechanism was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cross-polarization with magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS 13C NMR) techniques. It was showed that the adsorption mainly took place on the C=O, phenolic and alcoholic O-H groups of HAs. It was also confirmed that the adsorption mechanism was hydrogen bonds formation between the above groups of HAs and butachlor molecules.

Acetanilides↗