Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Yu Zhang.
This paper deals with the manufacturing state of the art of biochip, and introduces a new method--laser microtechnology, including its developing procedure, characteristics and function in biochip production.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between chimerism, minimal residual disease (MRD) and relapse after sex-mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for leukemia. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with leukemia received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell grafts from HLA-matched or partially matched, but sex-mismatched donors. Chimeric status and MRD were detected by dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) using X/Y sex chromosome centromere DNA probe and bcr/abl dual fusion DNA probe, respectively, at different time points after transplantation. SPSS software was used to analyse the correlation between chimeric status, MRD and relapse. RESULTS: In comparison with karyotype analysis, I-FISH was of higher sensitivity in detecting sex chromosome and bcr/abl fusion gene. Chimeric status was negatively correlated with MRD (r=-0.9690, P<0.01). In the early times of transplantation (within 3 months), mixed chimerism had higher relapse rate than did complete chimerism. Chimeric status and MRD were correlated with leukemic relapse (r=-8240, P<0.01; r=-0.9040, P<0.01). The decrease in chimeric status occurred before leukemic relapse in hematology. CONCLUSION: I-FISH is a more specific and sensitive test for monitoring MRD after transplantation. The clinical value of sex chromosome is identical to that of the special tumor gene for monitoring MRD after transplantation. Chimeric status is negatively correlated with MRD. Chimeric status and MRD are associated with leukemic relapse. The decrease in chimeric status is considered a mark of leukemic relapse after transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a methed of cleavage fragment length polymorphism (CFLP) analysis with a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin for genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct). The methods for detection of Ct by major outer membrane protein (MOMP) gene (ompl) with nested polymerase chain reaction (ompl-nPCR) were studied. The incidence of Ct infection in pregnant women, the common genotypes and vertical transmission rate of Ct in Chongqing area during the past one year was also investigated. METHODS: The samples were taken from cervical scrapes of parturient women and nasopharygeal swabs of their neonates from April 2003 to Feb. 2004 in Chongqing Women and Children's Health Care Institute. Totally 300 pairs (605 specimens) were detected by using ompl-nPCR, ompl-PCR (inside pair of primers was used directly) and plasmid-PCR. The results were judged by the modified gold standard (MGS). The ompl-nPCR amplified DNA was purified by recovery of DNA from agarose gel electroelution into dialysis bags. The DNA amplified from ompl-nPCR was sequenced by ABI PRISM 377 DNA sequencer. CFLP assay with a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin was created for genotyping of Ct, and was primarily applied. RESULTS: The minimum detectable levels of ompl-nPCR and ompl-PCR corresponded to 2.5 elementary body (EB) and 25 EB, respectively. The sensitivity of ompl-nPCR was 10 times that of ompl-PCR. The positive rate of Ct in the samples from the pregnant women was 11% (33/300). The vertical transmission rate of Ct from mothers to their infants was 24.2% (8/33). The rate of Ct isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs 5 - 10 days after birth was 38.9% (7/18), which was significantly greater than that [3.0% (1/33)] detected within 24 hours after birth (chi(c)(2) = 8.79, P < 0.01). Of the 33 Ct-positive samples from pregnant women, 9 had vaginal delivery and 24 had caesarean section. The vertical transmission rates in vaginal delivery group and caesarean section group were 66.7% (6/9) and 8.3% (2/24), respectively (chi(c)(2) = 9.16, P < 0.01). Incidence of premature rupture of membrane in Ct-positive group was 30.3% (10/33), which was greater than that of Ct-negative groups (13.5%, 36/267, chi(2) = 6.40, P < 0.05). Four different patterns were observed in the 16 Ct-positive samples from 8 pregnant women and 8 matched maternal-infants by using CFLP, which were confirmed by DNA sequencing later. They were type E (3 pairs), type F (2 pairs), type H (2 pairs) and type D (1 pair). Each pair of matched maternal-infantile samples presented identical CFLP pattern. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the infection rate of Ct in pregnant women, vertical transmission rate of Ct and the common genotypes of Ct in Chongqing Women and Children's Health Care Institute. The CFLP assay by using a primer labeled at the 5'-end with digoxigenin was first used for genotyping of Ct. The assay showed a good sensitivity and reproducibility, no radioactive contamination, and is simple. Therefore the assay is a potential new method for Ct genotyping.
BACKGROUND: The highly sensitive technique of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) has been used to detect circulating tumor cells. This study was undertaken to detect circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to evaluate their potential clinical implication in HCC patients. METHODS: Subjects included 65 patients with primary HCC, 22 patients with hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis, 12 patients with metastatic liver cancer, 11 patients with hepatic hemangioma, and 20 healthy volunteers. AFPmRNA and melanoma antigen gene (MAGE-1) mRNA in peripheral blood samples were tested using nested RT-PCR. RESULTS: The positive rates of MAGE-1mRNA and AFPmRNA were 41.5% (27) and 53.8%(35), respectively in the HCC patients. In 64.6%(42) of the 65 patients, there was at least one positive marker. The positive rate of AFPmRNA or MAGE-1mRNA was correlated with portal thrombosis, nodules of tumor, tumor diameter and TNM stage (P<0.05). Samples from 4 (33.3%) of the 12 patients with metastatic liver cancer were MAGE-1mRNA positive, samples from 3(13.6%) of the 22 patients with cirrhosis AFPmRNA positive, and the others were both negative. CONCLUSIONS: Nested RT-PCR is a sensitive and reliable method for detecting circulating HCC cells. A two-marker RT-PCR assay with a liver-specific AFP marker and a cancer specific MAGE-1 marker may be a promising tool for detecting blood disseminated HCC cells with a better sensitivity and specificity than a single marker RT-PCR.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the bone marrow angiogenesis in leukemia and evaluate the expression and role of endostatin (ES), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) in leukemia patients. METHODS: Bone marrow angiogenesis was assayed by vWF immunohistochemical method. The ES and VEGF concentrations in plasma were detected by ELISA. The expression of VEGFR in leukemia cells was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: The bone marrow microvessel density (MVD) in 26 cases of acute leukemia (AL) [(20.78 +/- 7.75)/high-power field (HP)] and 5 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) [(28.67 +/- 7.32)/HP] at newly diagnosed stage was significantly higher than that in the control group [(9.29 +/- 3.53)/HP, P < 0.01]. The bone marrow MVD in the complete remission (CR) groups, (11.33 +/- 5.66)/HP for AL and (17.00 +/- 8.04)/HP for CML, was significantly lower than that of newly diagnosed groups (P < 0.05 and < 0.01). No significant difference was found between the remission groups and the control group (P > 0.05). The plasma ES and VEGF concentrations of newly diagnosed AL and CML groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of plasma ES and VEGF in AL CR group and plasma ES in CML CR group decreased to levels comparable to normal values (P > 0.05), but the plasma VEGF in CML CR group was still higher than that in control (P < 0.01). AL bone marrow mononuclear cells had higher expression of VEGFR at various levels whereas CML and control samples had lower levels of VEGFR. CONCLUSIONS: Leukemia patients at newly diagnosed stage had remarkable angiogenesis in bone marrow and elevated plasma ES and VEGF concentrations. VEGFR was expressed at different levels in AL cells.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of angong niuhuang pill (ANP) as an adjuvant treatment on moderate or severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE). METHODS: Thirty-nine neonates with NHIE in the control group were treated with conventional treatment, and 58 in the treated group were administered orally ANP additionally, and relative indexes were observed. RESULTS: The improvement of aspects such as recovery of consciousness, muscular tension, and primitive reflex and disappearance of convulsion, in the treated group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ANP as an adjuvant treatment has a definite effect on NHIE, it can promote the recovery of patients, decrease the occurrence of sequelae and with high safety, therefore, is a drug feasible for clinical application.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of IgM to recombinant antigen E2 of HEV envelope protein in the diagnosis of acute sporadic hepatitis E. METHODS: anti-E2 IgM was detected in sera samples from 176 cases of acute sporadic hepatitis E and 191 cases of acute non A-E hepatitis by ELISA and was compared with HEV IgM detected by some domestic and Genelabs (GL) kits. HEV RNA was also detected in sera positive for anti-E2 IgM. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with the detection of anti-E2 IgM and HEV RNA. RESULTS: Anti-E2 IgM was found in 68.75% of the serum samples from the 176 patients of acute hepatitis E and the positive rate of HEV IgM detection by domestic kits was 56.25% (chi2 IgM = 6.49, P < 0.05). There were 37 (19.37%) anti-E2 IgM positive cases in those 191 sera of the acute non A-E hepatitis, out of which 11 cases were also detected as positive by the GL kit. Of the 158 anti-E2 IgM positive sera, HEV RNA was found in 81 (51.27%), among which 57.02% was positive in acute hepatitis E and 32.43% in acute non A-E hepatitis. No HEV RNA was found in the anti-E2 IgM negative sera from the cases of acute hepatitis E. By logistic regression analysis, no variance relative to the detection of anti-E2 IgM was found with the time interval from onset to hospitalization, age, levels of bilirubin, ALT and AST of the serum. Only the level of serum ALT was found being significantly associated with the detection of HEV RNA (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: (1) anti-E2 IgM is a sensitive and specific serological maker for diagnosing an acute infection of HEV. (2) HEV is still the pathogen of some cases diagnosed clinically as non-A-E hepatitis. (3) Persistent HEV viremia is possibly an important factor influencing the severity of acute hepatitis E.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of tea polyphenol(TP) on the rat with alcoholic liver damage. METHOD: Rats were divided into 3 groups, in which 2 groups were stomach perfused with alcohol to result in ALD, and 1 group of them stomach perfused with TP simultaneously. Another group was normal control groups (stomach perfused with drinking water). In the end of 12 weeks, the liver specimen of each rat was observed by anglicizing its tissue damage, and all data collected was performed by statistical analysis in quantum and semi-quantum. Meanwhile cytokines gene express of each group is determined. RESULT: In the end of 12 weeks, alcoholic hepatitis appeared in rat liver. Hepatic injury in alcohol group and TP group were found, but could not be found in normal group. Compared with pure alcohol group, alcoholic liver damage mainly showing with steatosis in TP group were slight, in addition showing liver cellular swelling with small area, with less spot and focal necrosis, none bridging necrosis. Steatosis were slight relatively, mega-bubble steatosis were less found. Collagen deposition of TP group were less than those of pure alcohol group. Gene expression of. cytokine have diversity statistically such as IL-3, IL-4, IL-1R2, IL-6R, IL-7R2, IL-3Ra, IL-R1, IL-13, IL-1R1, IL-7R2, EPO-R, LIFR, IL-1R2, IL-5R2, CSF1, CD27, IL-6R. CONCLUSION: TP is able to attenuate alcoholic liver damage. It's mechanism is possibly due to modulating cytokines gene expression of cytokine.
Adsorption performance of 5 GACs were compared on two abundant haloacetic acids (HAAs) as disinfection by-products (dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid). The adsorption behaviours of the two HAAs were well correlated with Langmuir equation. When the two HAAs co-existed, trichloroacetic acid tended to be adsorbed more easily. The adsorption capacity of a foreign GAC-A for dichloroacetic acid was 4.4-5.7 times that of domestic GACs, and 3.8 times that of another foreign GAC-B, while the adsorption capacity of a foreign GAC-A for trichloroacetic acid was 4.0-5.4 times that of domestic GACs, and 2.6 times that of another foreign GAC-B. The equilibrium study of competitive adsorption between dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid on GAC-A demonstrates that the relative adsorption capacity of HAAs has a linear increase with their relative equilibrium concentration. The adsorption capacity for trichloroacetic acid is sensitive to changes at its equilibrium concentration greater than that for dichloroacetic acid.
OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of inheritance and epidemiology of gallstone disease in one pedigree. METHODS: A gallbladder disease-specific questionnaire was administered to all family members to ascertain histories of cholecystectomy and other medical conditions as well as anthropometrical data. Laboratory examination and ultrasonography were performed to determine the existence of gallstone. RESULTS: One hundred and thirteen members of four generations in the index family were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of gallstone in females (34.48%) was higher than in males (23.64%) but with no significant difference. The prevalence in the second and third generations (52%) was higher than in others (20%) (P < 0.05). The heritability and standard error showed as 86.38% +/- 46.46% in I generations. Body mass index, histories of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and blood glucose were positively related to gallstone disease (P = 0.012, < 0.01, 0.017, 0.043, respectively) in this family. Gallstone disease was not significantly related to history of diabetes, daily alcohol or diet habit. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not correlated with gallstone disease. CONCLUSION: Gallstone disease presented aggregation in the family and was in accordance with the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. Being female, obesity, hypertension and history of hyperlipidemia might serve as risk factors to this family.
AIM: To improve prokaryotic expression level of Lagurus lagurus zona pellucida 3(LZP3) gene. METHODS: The rare codons of LZP3 gene fragment were turned into the most frequently used codons in E. coli by overlap PCR. LZP3 gene and mutated LZP3 (LZP3m) gene were cloned into expression vector pGEX4T-1 respectively, and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). RESULTS: The expression level of LZP3m was notably higher than that of LZP3. CONCLUSION: The expression of LZP3 gene in E. coli could be successfully improved by using codon optimization.
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Some kinds of angiogenic correlation factors, e.g. VEGF/R, MMP, endo statin, are relative to the process of hematologic malignancies. The mechanisms of adjusting themselves and controlling mutually have been hot points of the academic research in last few years. Although the rapid progress has been made in studies of this field, it is still hard to come into a systematic theory now. This article introduces the last progress in the field of positive and negative regulatory factors of VEGF/R system in the angiogenesis of hematologic malignancies, the regulation of MMP and its relation with VEGF/R, the regulation of ES and its relation with VEGF/R and MMP.
BACKGROUND: To express the prM-E protein in Sf9 cells, and lay a basis for further study on the function of the viral proteins and development of specific diagnostic reagents. METHODS: The recombinant prM-E protein of tick-borne encephalitis virus was expressed in insect cell Sf9 by RT-PCR amplification of prM-E gene, construction of donor plasmid of Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system, homologous recombination of donor plasmid with bacmid DNA at the site of Tn7 and transfection of insect cell Sf9. RESULTS: Recombinant subviral particles, about 30 nm in diameter, consisting of prM-E were observed by electron microscope in the supernatant of infected cells, which indicated that infected cells released virus-like particles (VLPs) into the culture medium. The results of Western-blot and the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) showed that the recombinant proteins retained antigenic and conformational structures similar to those of native virus proteins. Using the recombinant prM-E as antigens to detect samples of patient sera by ELISA and IFA, all of 16 sera from patients with tick-borne encephalitis were positive and all of 6 sera from other patients were negative. CONCLUSION: The prM-E protein expressed in insect cells retains good antigenicity.
This study was conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of preozonation or O3-BAC or combination of these two process in controlling DBPs for treating a dam source water in South China through SBR and continuous flow (200 L/h) experiments and the variables in the treatment train included the point of preozonation with respect to coagulation; the point of ozonation with respect to BAC, the ozone dosage required for preozonation and the Br- content of raw water. Results indicated the reduction in DBP formation potential closely paralleled the reduction in UV absorbance, and trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation potential can be removed under a dose of preozone at 0.5 - 1.0 mg/L, at the same time, ozone by-products (bromate and formaldehyde) can be controlled in low level. The continuous flow experiment results show that combination of preozonation and O3-BAC process has obviously positive effects on the removals of particles with a size above 2 microm, COD(Mn), and TOC. However, DBPs formation can be controlled by the removal of organic matters.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injection on the humoral immunity (IgG IgM IgA), cellular immunity (T-lymphocyte subsets), Superoxide dismutase (SOD). Lpo and Plasma viscosity in the patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS: Sixty patients with CHF, whose heart function belonged to NYHA grade II-IV were randomly divide into two groups. The treaded group were treated with SFI 100 ml, and the control group were treated by nitroglycerine in jection 10 mg, the drug were administered respectively by adding in 5% glucose solution 500 ml for intravenous dripping, once a day, 20 days as one therapeutic course. Venous blood from cubital vein was collected before and after treatment to detect the IgG, IgM, IgA, T-lymphocyte subsets, SOD, LPO and Plasma viscosity. RESULTS: The clinical heart function markedly improved rate and total effective rate in the treated group was singificantly better than those in the control group respectively (P < 0.05). the left ventricular ejecting frection (LVEF) and end syctolic volume (ESV) were improved in both group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the improvement in the treated group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). In the treated group after treatment, the CD4, SOD level and CD4/DC8 ratio increased (P < 0.05), level of LPO, IgG and IgM lowered (P < 0.05) significantly, while those in the control group were not changed singificantly (P > 0.05). Plasma viscosity of treatment group also got better improved than before (P < 0.05), and there was a significantly difference between the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: SFI Can improve the immune funtion of CHF patients, and can be taken as an importmant auxiliary treatment for CHF.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has a high mutation rate due at least in part to a lack of protective histones and an inefficient DNA repair system. The most frequently change in mtDNA is the so-called Common Deletion (CD), which accumulates in patients with heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations and in normal individuals during aging. In this study, wild type mtDNA (WT-mtDNA) and mitochondrial DNA with CD (CD-mtDNA) were quantitatively analyzed in different nasopharynx lesions. A novel type of CD-mtDNA (4981 bp) was detected significantly higher in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (93%, 54/58) than in nasopharyngitis (60%, 28/47) and the paired white blood cells (WBC) (26%, 8/31). The ratio of CD-mtDNA to WT-mtDNA in NPC (0.000625, median) was ten times that in nasopharyngitis (0.000064, median) (P=0.003), and was significantly higher than that in paired WBC (0.000000, median) (P=0.000). The CD/WT-mtDNA ratio was 0.000564 (quartile range, 0.000184-0.000919) in late stage NPC, which was nearly three times the ratio in early stage NPC (0.000164, quartile range, 0.000042-0.000353) (P=0.015, Mann-Whitney Test). In NPC patients with ages <48yrs (mean age), the ratio of CD-mtDNA to WT-mtDNA was 0.000625, which was nearly ten times that in NPC patients with ages<48yrs (0.000064) (P=0.005, Mann-Whitney Test). This is the first quantitative study of CD-mtDNA mutations in NPC, which provides evidences that CD-mtDNA mutation might be involved in the development and progression of NPC.