Biomedical subjects
Yuji Takamine
Publications and source records attributed to Yuji Takamine.
Mutations in the EVC1 gene are not a common finding in the Ellis-van Creveld and short rib-polydactyly type III syndromes.
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Occipital projections in the skeletal dysplasias.
Occipital projections of the cranium have been reported in a number of skeletal dysplasias and syndromes. We observed two cases of atelosteogenesis type I with a bony occipital projection. This finding has neither been noted nor reported in any form of atelosteogenesis. This led us to search the International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry for occipital projections, and we found them in four other syndromes in which they had not been reported. Thus occipital spurs are a non-diagnostic feature that can be found in at least ten distinct disorders as well as a normal variant.
Distraction osteogenesis enhanced by osteoblastlike cells and collagen gel.
Femoral distraction was done in rats to determine whether the injection of osteoblastlike cells with collagen gel into the distracted callus was useful for new bone formation. The cells were obtained from the femoral marrow of Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured for approximately 3 weeks. These rats were divided into four groups. The rats in Group A received injections of physiologic saline, those in Group B received injections of collagen gel, those in Group C received injections of cells, and those in Group D received injections containing a mixture of cells and collagen gel. The distracted areas were harvested and evaluated by histologic analysis, radiography, three-point bending testing, and the weight of femoral ash. Histologic evaluation did not show an immunoreaction between the donor and recipient. Radiographs showed that Group D had the most callus, and the fracture strength in this group as determined by the three-point bending test was higher than in Group A at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after elongation was completed. Group D showed a significant difference in the ash weight of the distracted femurs at 2 weeks. The current study showed that osteoblastlike cells with collagen gel promoted new bone formation in the distracted gap, and shortened the consolidation period.
Deformities of the elbow in achondroplasia.
Lack of full extension of the elbow is a common abnormality in patients with achondroplasia. We studied 23 patients (41 elbows) clinically and radiologically. Extension of the elbow was assessed clinically and the angle of posterior bowing of the distal humerus was measured from lateral radiographs. There was limited extension of the elbow in 28 (68.3%) and the mean loss of extension was 13.1 degrees. Posterior bowing of the humerus was seen in all elbows with a mean angle of 17.0 degrees. There was a positive correlation between these two measurements. Posterior bowing greater than 20 degrees caused a loss of full elbow extension. Posterior dislocation of the radial head was seen in nine elbows (22.0%). The mean loss of extension of the elbows was 28.7 degrees which was significantly greater than that of these elbows in which the head was not dislocated (8.7 degrees), although posterior bowing was not significantly different between these two groups (19.3 degrees and 16.3 degrees). Posterior bowing of the distal humerus is a principal cause of loss of extension of the elbow. Posterior dislocation of the radial head causes further limitation of movement in the more severely affected joints.