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Biomedical subjects

Yukihiro Terada

Publications and source records attributed to Yukihiro Terada.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Effects of photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid on cultured human adenomyosis-derived cells.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on human adenomyosis-derived cells compared with endometrial stromal cells. DESIGN: In vitro study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital. PATIENT(S): Women with adenomyosis attending the University hospital. INTERVENTION(S): Photodynamic treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cell survival rates. RESULT(S): Treatment with both ALA and irradiation caused significantly decreased survival of cells derived from human adenomyosis compared with ALA or irradiation alone. The combination of irradiation and ALA led to 79.3%, 68.0%, and 59.5% cell survival at 1.6, 4, and 8 J/cm2, respectively, whereas ALA and irradiation alone caused 92.8% and 97% survival, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Photodynamic therapy using ALA caused extensive death of cells derived from human adenomyosis. Photodynamic treatment using ALA may be a new treatment for patients with adenomyosis uteri in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Successful strategy for the hysteroscopic myomectomy of a submucous myoma arising from the uterine fundus.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a technique for hysteroscopic resection of submucous myoma arising from the uterine fundus. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): A 43-year-old nulliparous Japanese woman. INTERVENTION(S): An original combination technique of hysteroresectoscopy using circumferential myoma scraping, central vaporization, and intraoperative injection of prostaglandin F2alpha. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Evaluation of clinical symptoms and imaging diagnosis. RESULT(S): Resection of a 40-mm fundal myoma was performed hysteroscopically, and the menorrhagia of the patient was remedied by the operation. CONCLUSION(S): Although large sessile fundal myomas are difficult to resect by hysteroscopic myomectomy, our original strategy may allow safe and certain surgery in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor suppresses the growth of endometriosis xenografts via antiangiogenic activity in severe combined immunodeficiency mice.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor on endometriosis xenografts in immunodeficient mice. DESIGN: Prospective placebo-controlled study. SETTING: An academic facility at a Japanese university graduate school of medicine. PATIENT(S): Eight human ovarian endometriomas from seven patients. ANIMAL(S): Twenty-three female severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. INTERVENTION(S): Human ovarian endometriomas were implanted into the peritonea of SCID mice. Vehicle alone or NS398 (a selective COX-2 inhibitor, 10 mg/kg of weight per day) were administered orally daily for 56 days after implantation. Mice were killed on the 56th day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Change in explants size and immunohistochemical analyses to evaluating the proliferation index, apoptosis index, microvessel density, and labeling index assessing vascular endothelial growth factor and COX-2 expression by the endometriotic lesion. RESULT(S): NS398 significantly decreased implant size in comparison to vehicle alone (NS398 [medians, with range in brackets]: 22.0% [19.0%-36.7%] vs. vehicle: 41.2% [31.0%-55.3%], P<.01). Microvessel density (85.3 per mm2 [53.9-157.0 per mm2] vs. 121.8 per mm2 [97.2-259.6 per mm2], P=.02) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (0.4 [0-1.1] vs. 0.6 [0.5-2.1], P=.03) and COX-2 (0.4 [0.4-0.5] vs. 0.6 [0.4-0.8], P=.03) labeling indices in stromal cells were significantly lower in the NS398 group than in the vehicle group. There were no differences in the proliferation or apoptosis indices between the two groups. CONCLUSION(S): Selective COX-2 inhibitors decreased the size of implants and effectively treated endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Lactation and risk of endometrial cancer in Japan: a case-control study.

The incidence of endometrial cancer is rapidly increasing in Japan. Although the risk factors in European populations have been well described, there are few epidemiologic studies regarding risk factors for endometrial cancer in Japanese women. This hospital-based case-control study among Japanese women was carried out from 1998 to 2000. The cases were selected from women with endometrial cancer (n =155), and the controls selected from women attending the university gynecological outpatient clinic for cervical cancer screening (n = 96). Subjects were interviewed to ascertain breast feeding practices, contraceptive usage, as well as potential risk factors for endometrial cancer. We observed a lower risk of endometrial cancer associated with oral contraceptive (OC) and a higher risk associated with higher body mass index (BMI), and older ages at first and last delivery. Gravidity reduced odds ratio (OR) for endometrial cancer to 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.92). Compared with parous women who had never breastfed, the multivariate OR for women with a history of breastfeeding was 0.37 (95% CI, 0.17-0.82). Additionally, a greater lapse of time since breastfeeding increased OR for endometrial cancer by over three times. In conclusion, the present study has indicated that breastfeeding reduces the risk of endometrial cancer in Japanese women.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Clinical manifestations and outcomes of parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy in Japan.

Parvovirus B19 is a small DNA virus. Infection with parvovirus B19 during pregnancy may cause serious complications in the fetus, including hydrops fetalis and fetal death. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the clinical manifestations and outcomes of parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy. This prospective study enrolled 478 women with suspected B19 infections during pregnancy between 1999 and 2004. One hundred cases (21%) of B19 infection were detected in 478 pregnant women who had been exposed to B19. Serological infection was confirmed by measurement of B19-specific IgM and IgG in sera. Forty-nine cases reported maternal clinical symptoms and 51 cases were asymptomatic. Facial rash was the most common symptom, with 51% (25/49) of the symptomatic patients complaining of either a facial, body or limb rash. The most common infectious source was children living in the home. Overall, the incidence of adverse fetal effects (including hydrops fetalis and fetal death) related to intrauterine B19 infection was 7% (7/100), and all seven cases were exposed to B19 infection before 20 weeks of gestation. Although half of the cases with parvovirus B19 infections during pregnancy were asymptomatic, patients with adverse fetal effects tended to be symptomatic including rash and fever. These clinical data may supply useful information to produce clinical guidelines for managing B19 infection during pregnancy.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2006

Management of the pain associated with endometriosis: an update of the painful problems.

Endometriosis is a condition characterized by ectopic endometrial tissues located outside of the uterus, most commonly found on the pelvic peritoneum or ovary. Endometriosis, which occurs in 7-10% of women in the general population and 71-87% of women with chronic pelvic pain, is associated with dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. There is considerable debate about the effectiveness of various interventions for endometriosis. This review discusses the benefits and drawbacks of pharmacologic and surgical treatments for the pain associated with endometriosis. Laparoscopic surgery has been demonstrated to relieve the pain associated with endometriosis. Hormonal therapies, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues or the weak androgen danazol, have also been effective at relieving the pain associated with endometriosis. Oral contraceptives appear to be as effective as GnRH analogues for pain relief. Although both surgical and pharmacologic treatments have been effective for relief of the pain associated with endometriosis, the recurrence rate remains significant. The management of pain associated with endometriosis has thus not been satisfied. Larger unified clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of new treatments in managing the pain associated with endometriosis.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Dynamics of microtubules and positioning of female pronucleus during bovine parthenogenesis.

The zygote centrosome, consisting of both paternal and maternal centrosomal components, is the microtubule-organizing center necessary for pronuclear migration and positioning in fertilization. Maternal centrosomal function in microtubule organization and pronuclear positioning, however, remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to elucidate the function of maternal centrosomes during bovine parthenotes in the microtubule organizational processes required to move the pronucleus to the cell center without sperm centrosomal components. Microtubule organization, pronuclear position, and distribution of gamma-tubulin, which is thought to be the major component of maternal centrosomal material, were imaged by immunocytochemistry and conventional epifluorescence microscopy. In bovine parthenotes treated with paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug, the cytoplasmic microtubule asters became organized after chemical activation, and the microtubules radiated dynamically toward the female pronucleus. The microtubule patterns correlated well with pronuclear movement to the cell center. Microtubules aggregated at regions of gamma-tubulin concentration, but gamma-tubulin did not localize to a spot until the first interphase of bovine parthenogenesis. These findings indicate that gamma-tubulin is responsible for microtubule organization as the maternal centrosome. In bovine parthenogenesis, the maternal centrosome then organizes cytoplasmic microtubules to move the female pronucleus into the cell center. We propose that the maternal centrosome plays a role as a functional centrosome despite the lack of a sperm contribution, making this structure less competent for microtubule organization in comparison with centrosomes containing sperm centrosomal components.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

A trial to restore defective human sperm centrosomal function.

BACKGROUND: In human fertilization, sperm centrosome function is essential for male and female pronuclear movement and fusion. In this study, we investigated the possibility of restoring human sperm centrosomal function in sperm exhibiting abnormalities in microtubule organization. METHODS: Semen was obtained from both a fertile donor and a patient with dysplasia of the fibrous sheath (DFS). Following heterologous ICSI using human sperm, we examined microtubules and chromatin configuration in bovine oocytes. Sperm were treated with dithiothreitol (DTT) prior to ICSI, while the oocytes were treated with the cytoskeletal stabilizer paclitaxel after ICSI. RESULTS: The combination of DTT and paclitaxel treatment induced microtubule organization in dead sperm from the fertile donor following heterologous ICSI. This treatment, however, was not effective for DFS sperm. In addition, expression of centrin, a protein functioning within the sperm centrosome, was reduced in DFS sperm from that of the normal levels observed in fertile donor sperm. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that sperm centrosomal function could be induced by the treatment of sperm with DTT before ICSI and of oocytes with paclitaxel after ICSI. DFS sperm are likely to exhibit such severe dysfunction of sperm centrosome that cannot be compensated for by this treatment; therefore, this method may be a practical way to discern the degree of sperm centrosomal dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Reproduction of menstrual changes in transplanted human endometrial tissue in immunodeficient mice.

BACKGROUND: Cultures of human endometrial tissue are useful for analysing the mechanisms underlying the menstrual cycle. However, long-term culture of endometrial tissue is difficult in vitro. Xenotransplantation of normal human endometrial tissue into immunodeficient mice could allow prolonged survival of the transplanted tissues. METHODS: Proliferative-phase endometrial tissue samples from three women were transplanted into the subcutaneous space of ovariectomized, immunodeficient, non-obese diabetic (NOD)/severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)/gammaC(null) (NOG) mice. The mice were treated with 17beta-estradiol (E2) for the first 14 days after transplantation, followed by E2 plus progesterone for the next 14 days. The transplants were investigated morphologically and immunohistochemically at various times after implantation. RESULTS: The transplanted tissues contained large numbers of small glands, pseudostratification of the nuclei and dense stroma after treatment with E2 alone. After treatment with E2 plus progesterone, subnuclear vacuolation, luminal secretion and decidualization of the stroma were observed. When the hormone treatment ceased, tissue destruction occurred and the transplants returned to the proliferative phase. Lymphocytes were identified immunohistochemically: the numbers of CD56-positive and CD16-negative cells increased significantly in the stroma during the late secretory phase (day 28). CONCLUSIONS: Human endometrial tissue transplanted into NOG mice showed similar histological changes to eutopic endometrial tissue during treatment with sex steroid hormones for 1 month. Moreover, lymphocytes were produced in the transplanted human endometrial tissue. This system represents a new experimental model of the human endometrium in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Dynamic changes in the cytoskeleton during human spermiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the structural changes in the cytoskeleton (microtubules, microfilaments) and examine the expression of centrosomal functional proteins during human spermiogenesis. DESIGN: Immunofluorescent staining of human spermiogenic cells. SETTING: University hospital and IVF clinic. PATIENT(S): Human testicular tissues were obtained by testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) under informed consent. Three cases of obstructive azoospermia, with confirmed normal spermatogenesis, were examined. INTERVENTION(S): Spermatogenic cells were fixed with microtubule-stabilizing buffer. Immunocytochemical detection of microtubules, microfilaments, and centrosome was performed using monoclonal antibodies against alpha- and beta-tubulin, phalloidin, and functional centrosomal proteins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Samples were examined using epifluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscopes. RESULT(S): During the Sb2 period, microtubules formed the manchette structure, which extended from the equator of the nucleus through the cytoplasm. Microfilaments were organized in the periacrosamal region during spermiogenesis (Sa to Sd). Although centrin was observed throughout the spermiogenic period, gamma-tubulin was detected only in the Sb2 period. CONCLUSION(S): Dynamic cytoskeletal movement was observed during human spermiogenesis. Cytoskeletal rearrangements in the Sb2 period appear to play important roles in the morphologic changes that occur during human spermiogenesis. Studies of the cytoskeletal system during spermiogenesis may help identify some causes of male infertility (e.g., teratozoospermia, maturation arrest).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Safe techniques in surgery for hysteroscopic myomectomy.

Hysteroscopic myomectomy is regarded as the best treatment for patients with submucous myomata. However, this procedure has a number of associated complications, including uterine perforation, cervical laceration, hyponatremia and hemorrhage, especially in cases of sessile submucous myomata. To avoid these problems, it is important to make well-advised preparations and manipulations both pre- and intraoperatively. The main surgical considerations for safe hysteroscopic myomectomy are shortening the operating time and avoiding cutting too deeply into the myometrium. With these requirements in mind, a combination of techniques using vaporization and a powerful oxytocic agent, such as prostaglandin F-2alpha, appears to be the safest method of carrying out hysteroresectoscopy for unpedunculated sessile submucous myomata.

Female↗
PubMed2005

Ber-EP4 and anti-calretinin antibodies: a useful combination for differential diagnosis of various histological types of ovarian cancer cells and mesothelial cells.

The differential diagnosis between reactive mesothelial cells and ovarian carcinoma cells is often difficult in cytologic specimens. Immunocytochemical procedures have been utilized in assisting this differential diagnosis, with limitations. Furthermore, previous studies examined only serous type but not other histological types of ovarian carcinoma cases. Therefore, we evaluated the practical value of various epithelial and mesothelial markers in differential diagnosis of these two types of cells. Various types of ovarian carcinoma (serous, n = 22; mucinous, n = 10; endometrioid, n = 7; clear cell, n = 10) and benign mesothelial tissues (n = 15) were studied by immunohistochemistry. We then studied effective panels of antibodies by immunohistochemistry in 43 cytologic specimens of ascites or peritoneal lavage fluid consisting of 20 reactive mesothelium and 23 adenocarcinomas of the ovary. In the tissue specimens, Ber-EP4, a monoclonal antibody of epithelial antigen, and a polyclonal antibody against calretinin, which is expressed in mesothelium, are used in differentiating reactive mesothelial cells from ovarian carcinoma. In cytologic specimens, the sensitivity and specificity of Ber-EP4 were 100% and 90%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the anti-calretinin antibody were 90% and 91%, respectively. Using multiple regression analysis, the correlation coefficient between epithelial antigen and calretinin reactivity was r = 0.938, with a significance level of p < 0.0001. In conclusion, the combined immunostaining of cytologic specimens for Ber-EP4 and the anti-calretinin antibody is helpful for the differential diagnosis between mesothelial cells and not only serous type, but also mucinous, endometrioid and clear cell types of ovarian cancer cells.

Antibodies↗
PubMed2004

Genetic significance of skewed X-chromosome inactivation in premature ovarian failure.

To determine the relationship between premature ovarian failure (POF) and skewed X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), karyotype, and XCI status in 43 patients with POF (group I) and 43 age-matched control women with regular menstrual cycles (group II) were evaluated. Evaluation of XCI status was based on the CAG triplet repeat polymorphism assay in the androgen receptor gene after sodium bisulfite treatment of DNA samples, and XCI patterns were classified as random (XCI < 70% skewing) or skewed (> or =70%). Furthermore, skewed XCI was classified under three different thresholds (> or =70, > or =80, or > or =90%). Karyotyping by G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on peripheral blood lymphocytes showed that one patient in group I had a deletion of Xq22, and another was 47,XXX. The frequency of low-level 45,X/46,XX mosaicism was nearly equal in both groups. In women without any X-chromosomal aberrations, the incidence of skewed XCI in group I was significantly higher than in group II on all threshold levels. Furthermore, extremely skewed XCI (> or =90%) was observed only in group I. These results indicate that POF may be caused by some underlying genetic disorders, which may induce skewed XCI.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Centrosomal function assessment in human sperm using heterologous ICSI with rabbit eggs: a new male factor infertility assay.

Sperm centrosomal function was assessed by immunocytochemical analysis after the injection of human sperm into mature rabbit eggs. Three hours after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), an astral microtubule array from the base of the human sperm was observed in the rabbit eggs. This sperm aster expanded in the egg cytoplasm, concomitant with pronuclear formation, and a dense microtubule array was organized at the time of pronuclear centration. Using fertile donor sperm, the sperm aster formation rate at 3 hr after ICSI was 35.0 +/- 1.5%. Using sperm from infertile patients, the average aster formation rate was lower (25.4 +/- 14.8%, P<0.05). Among infertile cases, there was no correlation between sperm aster formation rates and conventional parameters of semen analysis. However, the sperm aster formation rate correlated with the embryonic cleavage rate following human in vitro fertilization (IVF). These data suggest that this assay reflects sperm function during embryonic development after sperm entry and that reproductive success during the first cell cycle requires a functional sperm centrosome. Furthermore, sperm centrosomal function cannot be predicted from conventional parameters of semen analysis. We propose that insufficient centrosomal function could be the cause of certain cases of idiopathic infertility. These assays may lead to the discovery of new types of infertility, which have previously been treated as "unexplained infertility," and may also lead to the treatment of infertility incurable even by ICSI. Consequently, an accurate and relevant assay to help assure couples of the success of fertilization is warranted, perhaps prior to ICSI therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Use of Mammalian eggs for assessment of human sperm function: molecular and cellular analyses of fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

PROBLEMS: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI ) has been described as the 'cure' for male sterility because a single sperm can now be directly introduced into an egg with some chance of pregnancy. While ICSI has revolutionized the practice of assisted reproductive techniques (ART), there are few molecular and cellular studies about its safety and efficacy. Even by using ICSI, fertilization in humans succeeds only if the sperm effectively accomplishes a number of tasks including 'post-ICSI events' in fertilization. To assess the function of human sperm after ICSI, we used heterologous ICSI with human sperm into animal eggs. Egg activation, sperm decondensation and sperm centorosomal function were examined in sperm from fertile men and infertile patients. METHODS: Sperm from fertile men and infertile patients were injected into hamster, rabbit and bovine eggs by Piezo micromanipulator, and studied in decondensation of sperm nuclei, egg activation and microtubule organization. RESULTS: Decondensation human sperm head following ICSI into hamster eggs occurred initially form basal lesion, and apical portion of sperm nuclei which is surrounded by acrosome and perinuclear theca, still condensed in early pronuclear stage. Radial array of microtubules from sperm centrosome 'sperm aster' which is essential for pronuclear movement was observed in 30% rabbit eggs following ICSI with human sperm. By heterologous ICSI system with fertile human sperm and bovine eggs, 83.3% of eggs was activated and 60% eggs had sperm aster, indicating that bovine Piezo ICSI system is appropriate for assessing human sperm oocyte activation ability and human sperm centrosomal function. Oocyte activation and sperm centrosomal function were significantly low in sperm from men with globozoospermia and men with dysplasia of fibrous sheath. CONCLUSION: These assays indicate differences of the process of fertilization between in vitro fertilization and ICSI, and reflect the human sperm function especially for the 'post-ICSI events' in fertilization. More molecular and cellular analyses in fertilization by ICSI are needed for improvement of ART.

Acrosome↗