Biomedical subjects

Yuru Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Yuru Yang.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

The effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The effectiveness of alpha-adrenergic antagonists on patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) has not been supported by well-evaluated study. The meta-analysis was performed to supply the best evidence about use of this class of drugs in CP/CPPS. A fully recursive literature search to June 2005 was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and the Chinese Biomedicine Database to identify potentially relevant randomized controlled trials. RevMan4.2 was used for statistical analysis. Nine studies with 734 patients were included. Combined analysis showed a significant reduction of total NIH-CPSI or I-PSS in patients with treatment duration of more than 3 months. There were also valuable results in urinary symptom alleviation. Alpha-adrenergic antagonists did not show benefit in pain. The meta-analysis revealed that the use of alpha-adrenergic antagonists was warranted in CP/CPPS, and the treatment duration should be long enough (more than 3 months).

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed2006

[Advance in urethral reconstruction with tissue engineering techniques].

OBJECTIVE: To sum up the research advances in urethra reconstruction with tissue engineering techniques. METHODS: The recent original articles about urethra reconstruction with engineering techniques were extensively reviewed. RESULTS: At present, human urothelium and smooth muscle cells have been successfully harvested, cultivated, and expanded in vitro in sufficient quantities for reconstruction. Tissue engineering for urethral reconstruction includes matrices alone, the body's natural ability which induces new tissue growth, or the use of matrices with cells. CONCLUSION: The tissue engineering materials for urethral reconstruction has been used successfully to repair defect of hypospadias and urethral strictures. The reconstruction of complex urethral defects need to be improved and developed.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed2004

[Effect of VEGF on the angiogenesis in male reproduction system].

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the key angiogenins which can increase microvascular permeability and promote endothelial cell migration, proliferation and tube formation. This paper reviews the location of VEGF in the prostate, testicular and epididymis tissues, the modulation of VEGF expression, and the relationship between VEGF-induced angiogenesis changes and some diseases in the male reproduction system.

Humans↗

PubMed2004

[Extracellular matrix for the replacement of ureteral defect].

This is an experiment on rabbits to evaluate the possibility of ureteral replacement by extracellular matrix. We adopted a biochemical method for preparing a new tissue engineering material named Extracellular Matrix (ECM), and the ECMs were used as homologous grafts to replace the defect in the ureters. Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, immunohistochemical technique and intravenous urography were used. The routine blood and biochemical laboratory tests were made before and after operation, and the measured values of pressure in the ureter of experiment and control groups were compared. The ureteral ECM was found in the experiment to promote the regeneration of all ureteral wall components. There were no significant differentces between the regenerative tissue and the normal tissue in morphology and function 16 weeks after replacement. The homologous ECM might be an ideal replacement material for ureteral defect.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Reconstruction of complex urethral stricture with free postauricular graft].

OBJECTIVE: To explore and describe the clinical feasibility and value of reconstruction of complex urethral stricture with free postauricular graft. METHODS: Urethroplasties with free postauricular grafts were performed in 17 patients with complex urethral strictures, including 6 cases in anterior urethras and 11 cases in posterior urethras. The grafts were transplanted onto the opened urethras in the first stage; 6 months later, the new urethras were shaped with the second stage urethroplasties in 14 patients. There patients succeeded in single-stage urethroplasties. The urethras and bladders were washed with antibiotic solution everyday after urethroplasties. RESULTS: Good and satisfactory results were obtained in 15 cases 6 months after urethroplasties, regardless of the strictured sites and lengths. Maximal urinary flow rates ranged 14-32 ml/s. There were 2 cases accompanied with complications 6 months after urethroplasties, 1 case of fistula was repaired, 1 case of severe urethral stricture was reconstructed with opposite side free postauricular graft later. Three patients had mild urethral strictures 6 months after urethroplasties, they were cured with urethral dilatations for 4-8 times. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of complex urethral stricture with free postauricular graft is a good and effective method to treat long or complex urethral strictures, especially for patients without adequate foreskin or penis skin.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[The synergistic effects of paclitaxel and gemcitabine on prostate cancer cell line PC-3].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the synergistic effects of paclitaxel and gemcitabine on prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vitro. METHODS: Cell morphology, MTU, flow cytometer and immunocytochemical method were used to observe the effects of 10(-6), 10(-7), 10(-8) mol/L paclitaxel and 10(-7), 10(-8), 10(-9) mol/L gemcitabine on prostate cancer cell line PC-3 by single or synergistic administration for 48 hours in vitro. RESULTS: Gemcitabine above 10(-8) mol/L enhanced the growth suppression [suppression ratio > or = (50.8 +/- 4.2)%, P < 0.05] and apoptosis [apoptosis ratio > or = (22.9 +/- 2.3)%, P < 0.05] and down-regulation of the expression of cyclin D1 [expression ratio < or = (9.6 +/- 1.6)%, P < 0.01] induced by paclitaxel above 10(-7) mol/L in PC-3 cells. Gemcitabine changed the ratio of G2/M cell arrest induced by paclitaxel from (70.3 +/- 9.7)% to (38.2 +/- 4.2)%, and reversed the G2/M arrest partially (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel and gemcitabine can enhance the growth suppression and apoptosis induced by paclitaxel in a synergistic way. They show great potential in the treatment of androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗

PubMed2004

[Effect of aging on the endothelial function of the penile corpus cavernosum in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of aging on the endothelial function of the penile corpus cavernosum in rats. METHODS: The intracavernosal pressure (ICP) was compared in response to acetylcholine (Ach, endothelium-dependent vasodilator), sodium nitroprusside (SNP, an NO donor) and A23187 (a calcium ionophore)in the young (5 months old) and aged (20 months old) rats. In addition, the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)in penile cavernosal tissues was examined. RESULTS: Ach-mediated ICP was significantly attenuated from the maximum of (54.8 +/- 4.2) in the young rats to (40.3 +/- 2.8) mm Hg in the aged ones (Ach = 0.1 mmol/L), P < 0.01. The ICP to SNP (0.1 mmol/L) was (58.9 +/- 4.7) mm Hg in the young rats and (51.7 +/- 5.3) mm Hg in the aged. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups, P > 0.05. The Ach-mediated ICP in the young rats was not significantly augmented from the maximum of (54.8 +/- 4.2) to (55.8 +/- 4.7) mm Hg in the presence of the calcium ionophore A23187 (10 micromol/L), P > 0.05. However, A23187 significantly augmented Ach-mediated ICP in the aged from the maximum of (40.3 +/- 2.8) to (56.2 +/- 4.1) mm Hg, P < 0.01. Finally the activity of nitric oxide synthase was not significantly attenuated in either the aged or the young, P > 0.05. CONCLUSION: The endothelial function of the penile cavernosum declines with the advance of age. And endothelial dysfunction may play some role in the mechanisms of age-related erectile dysfunction.

Aging↗

PubMed2004

[The effect of curcumin on bladder cancer cell line EJ in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of curcumin on bladder cancer cell line EJ in vitro. METHODS: Cell morphology, MTT, flow cytometer, immunocytochemical method for detecting NF-KB, Cyclin D1 were used to observe the effect of 5,10,20 mg/L curcumin on bladder cancer cell line EJ in vitro. RESULTS: All concentrations curcumin resulted in the growth suppression significantly [Suppression ratio > or = (27.5 + 3.1)%, P < 0.05]. Above 10 mg/L concentrations curcumin induced apoptosis [Apoptosis ratio > or = (14.6 +/- 1.8)%, P < 0.05] and down-regulated of the expression of NF-kappaB [Expression ratio < or = (35.8 +/- 4.2)%, P < 0.05], Cyclin D1 [Expression ratio < or = (29.7 +/- 3.2)%, P < 0.05]. The cell phase arrest induced by curcumin was G1 phase arrest mainly with significant decrease of S phase. CONCLUSIONS: Curcumin can suppress the growth, induce apoptosis of bladder cancer EJ cell in vitro. Its mechanism is related with down-regulations of the expressions of NF-kappaB and Cyclin D1. Curcumin has great potential for the treatment of bladder cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2003

[Multiple human cord blood transfusion for inducing low immune response].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and evaluate a clinically perspective way of inducing transplantation tolerance. METHODS: Multi-cord blood transfusion was performed before kidney transplantation in 20 cases. Donor-specific mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR) and allograft rejection were observed and studied. RESULTS: The donor-specific MLR was suppressed in every recipient. No allograft rejection took place in the cord blood transfusion group three months after kidney transplantation. CONCLUSION: Multi-cord blood transfusion is a practical way of inducing transplantation tolerance.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Effect of removal of superior spermatic nerve on spermatogenesis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of superior spermatic nerve in the regulation of spermatogenesis. METHODS: Mature SD rats (350-375 g) received bilateral surgical removal of the superior spermatic nerve(SSN). The animals were killed 1 and 2 months after operation and were studied in comparison with the SD rats of the sham operation group. H. E. staining was employed in observing spermatogenesis, and transmission electron microscopy and terminal deoxynuleotidyl tansferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) were used to detect apoptosis. RESULTS: No pathological changes were observed 1 month after operation. Two months after SSN denervation, spermatogenesis arrest was seen in the seminiferous tubules in which only Sertoli cells or Sertoli cells and a few spermatogonia remained. Chromosome condensation and breakage in germ cells were observed under transmission electron microscope in denervated testes. TUNEL showed that SSN denervation induced apoptosis of spermatogonia and Leydig cells significantly. CONCLUSION: The superior spermatic nerve seems to be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. Further study is worth doing to clarify the possible mechanism of action.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Human peripheral blood monocyte derived dendritic cell culture and mature regulation].

Mature dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that initiate primary immune responses, while immature dendritic cells have quite different properties from mature dendritic cells and are tolerance inducer actually. Here we describe the method of using monocyte condition medium to generate dendritic cells of different maturation phases from nonproliferating progenitors in human peripheral blood. The procedure involves two steps. The first step(or priming phase) is to work on a 6-7-day culture of plastic-adherent blood monocyte in medium supplement with GM-CSF and IL-4. The second step (or differentiation phase) requires the exposure to monocyte conditioned medium. Only the dendritic cells generated by the first step are actually immature, with strong immature dendritic cell features such as active endocytosis, the same expression of monocyte marker CD14, and much of the MHC class II still lies within intracellular compartments (MIIC). The second stage dendritic cells have all the features of mature dendritic cell, including a stellate shape, nonadherence to plastic, the expression of dendritic cells restricted marker CD83, and very strong T cell stimulatory function. All of these dendritic cell properties are retained for at least 3 days when the cytokines are removed, suggesting that these populations are stable and terminally differentiated. Since progression from immature to mature dendritic cell is entirely dependent on exogenously added growth factor such as monocyte condition medium, the peripheral blood monocyte may help to harness synchronized population of mature and immature dendritic cells for studies or therapies.

Cell Culture Techniques↗

PubMed2002

[Antisense inhibition of gene expression in human dendritic cells by peptide nucleic acid against CD86].

OBJECTIVE: Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells (APCs) of the immune system. We intent to block the expression of CD86 in DCs using antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNA), a novel synthetic structural DNA mimic, and interrupt the second signal transmission so that a suppression of corresponding T cell function can be achieved. METHODS: Human DCs grown up from peripheral blood monocytes in GM-CSF and IL-4 were collected. We investigated antisense PNA internalization with laser scan confocal microscope (LSCM). Fluorescence immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and RT-PCR were used to determine the expression of CD86 protein and mRNA in DCs. RESULTS: LSCM proved that cultured immature DCs could internalized PNA efficiently, according to the specific internalization property of the immature DCs. Antisense PNA DC exhibited striking reductions in cell surface staining for CD86, but not MHC class II, and were poor stimulators of T cell proliferation. RT-PCR found that PNA depressed the amounts of CD86 mRNA in DCs. CONCLUSION: Antisense PNA against CD86 could inhibit the expression of CD86 mRNA and protein in DCs. The blockade of B7/CD28 pathway may increase the potential of costimulatory molecule-deficient antisense PNA DCs of donor origin to induce long-lasting allograft survival.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed2002

[Cultivation of fibroblasts derived from urethral scar and the effects of salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine on its growth].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible effect and related mechanism of salviae miltiorrhizae (SM) and ligustrazine in the treatment of urethral scar. METHODS: In vitro cultivation of fibroblasts derived from urethral scar has been developed. The effects of these two medicines on its morphology and proliferation have been detected based on the in vitro culture system. RESULTS: The spindle cells were found to become elliptical in shape. The two medicines inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts derived from urethral scar, and this may be resulted from their inhibitive effects on cell division rather than cell necrosis or degradation. CONCLUSION: Salviae multiorrhizae and ligustrazine as effective scar inhibitors may have application prospects in the treatment of urethral stricture.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Effects of testosterone on VEGF and FLK-1 protein expression in the ventral prostate of rat].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of testosterone on VEGF and FLK-1 protein expression in the ventral prostate of Rat. METHOD: SD rats were castrated, and 7 days later they were injected with different doses of testosterone. The histological changes were observed with the use of HE staining, and the protein expression of VEGF, FLK-1 were measured by immunohistochemical test. RESULTS: In the normal ventral prostate, different growth forms of epithelium were observed. In the castrated group, the proteins of VEGF, FLK-1 were positive in growth active epithelium and vascular endothelium; the weight of prostate decreased (P < 0.05); the histological appearance was epithelial atrophy, and there was significantly decreased protein expression of VEGF, FLK-1 in the prostatic epithelium (P < 0.05). It was found that testosterone injection stimulated prostatic hyperplasia gradually The histological changes were epithelial progressive proliferation. And a gradually increased protein expression of VEGF, FLK-1 in the prostatic epithelium was detected (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Testosterone can stimulate prostatic growth probably by upregulating the protein expression of VEGF and FLK-1.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Construction of prostate-specific expressed recombinant plasmids with high transcriptional activity of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoter/enhancer.

To screen different combinations of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoter/enhancer with the strongest transcriptional activity in prostate-specific cells, we used PSMA regulatory elements to control specific expression of the target gene in gene therapy of prostate adenocarcinoma. PSMA promoter and enhancer DNA sequences were amplified from the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line by polymerase chain reaction, then recombinant plasmids of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP: pEGFP-PSMA(Pro), pEGFP-PSMA(E-P), pEGFP-PSMA(E(r)-P), pEGFP-PSMA(E(d)-P), and pEGFP-PSMA(E(t)-P)) were constructed with molecular clonal techniques. At the same time, all experimental cell lines were analyzed for the expression of PSMA with the use of PSMA monoclonal antibody and the ABC immunohistochemical assay kit. After plasmids were transfected via liposome, we observed the expression of the reporter gene (EGFP) under a fluorescent microscope and compared the different levels of EGFP expression with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry so that we could choose the one with the highest transcriptional activity. Only the LNCaP cell line expressed PSMA positively with immunohistochemical stain. The PSMA promoter/enhancer had transcriptional activity in PSMA(+) cell lines and no activity in PSMA(-) cell lines. PSMA(E-P) achieved the strongest activity in different PSMA promoter/enhancer combinations. We confirmed the specific expression of PSMA in prostate cells again. Similarly, transcriptional activity of the PSMA promoter/enhancer was prostate specific. PSMA(E-P) achieved the strongest transcriptional activity among PSMA promoter/enhancer combinations, which could be used in advanced research for tissue-specific treatment.

Antigens, Surface↗