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Yutaka Hoshino

Publications and source records attributed to Yutaka Hoshino.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Low serum ferritin levels as a clue to colonic cancer detection in two patients with coronary artery disease: a case report.

We diagnosed colonic cancer using low serum ferritin levels as a clue in two patients with cardiac or cardiopulmonary disease. In the course of the follow-up, the serum ferritin levels decreased to less than 18 ng/mL without significant appearance of iron-deficiency anemia. One patient showed positive immunological fecal occult blood test results whereas the other not. Both patients rejected further colonoscopy because of their concern for stress in relation to their cardiac or cardiopulmonary diseases, but instead agreed to positron emission computed tomography (PET) using a F-18 deoxyglucose at their own expense. In both patients, PET documented abnormal tracer accumulation in the colon. From the results of PET imaging, they eventually agreed to colonoscopy. A colonic adenocarcinoma was detected at the site of the positive PET finding in each patient. Both patients underwent curative resection of the cancer. The detection of the levels of serum ferritin may be available for the screening colonic cancer in patients declining colonoscopic examination.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

[Experimental study for a combination chemo-immunotherapy using dendritic cells].

This study was designed to seek for the optimal anticancer agents for a combination of chemotherapy and specific immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) in gastric cancer. We investigated the immuno-suppressive activity of anticancer agents on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), apoptosis inducing activity on gastric cancer cells and expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 mRNA on immatureDCs (iDCs) by paclitaxel (TXL) and docetaxel (TXT). We further compared the cytotoxicity of cytotixic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysate and apoptotic cells induced by TXT. Although most of the anticancer agents demonstrated the suppression activity on proliferation of PBMC in a dose dependent manner, TXT, doxifluridine and irinotecan did not show the suppressive activity on PBMC even in the highest drug concentration. About 60% of gastric cancer cells demonstrated apoptosis after a 24-48 hour treatment with both TXL and TXT. Expression of TLR-4 mRNA in iDCs was up-regulated by TXT, not by TXL, and peaked at 2 hours after the treatment. CTLs induced by DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysate and apoptotic cells showed a similar killing activity to target cells. These results suggest that TXT appears to be an optimal anticancer agent for a combination therapy with chemotherapy and tumor specific immunotherapy using dendritic cells in gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Prediction of sensitivity to fluoropyrimidines by metabolic and target enzyme activities in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to investigate the role of thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in tumor progression and sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS: A total of 275 tumor samples from 275 patients with gastric cancer were utilized in this study. TS activity was determined in 130 samples by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate binding assay. DPD activity was measured in 140 samples by radioenzymatic assay, and TP protein level was determined in 157 samples by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. These parameters were compared with several clinicopathologic factors and sensitivity to 5-FU determined by in-vitro ATP assay. The antitumor activities of 5-FU, uracil plus tegafur (UFT), and 1M tegafur--0.4 M 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine--1 M potassium oxonate (S-1 [TS-1]) were also compared, using three human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice. RESULTS: There was no correlation between either TS or TP and sensitivity to 5-FU. However, a weak inverse correlation was found between DPD activity and sensitivity to 5-FU. High DPD activity in tumor resulted in poor prognosis, especially in patients who received 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Although TP was significantly correlated with depth of tumor invasion and with lymphatic and venous invasions, TP alone had no impact on survival. On the other hand, TS, as well as peritoneal, hepatic, and lymph node metastases, was selected as an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer. In the animal model, there was no significant difference in antitumor activities among the drugs in a tumor with low DPD activity. However, S-1 showed superior antitumor activity to 5-FU or UFT in tumors with high DPD activity. CONCLUSION: DPD is considered to be a most important predictive factor of 5-FU sensitivity. The use of DPD inhibitory fluoropyrimidines is strongly recommended for tumors with high DPD activity.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction ileus in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: outcome of a stoma construction and its histopathological features.

We report the first case of a chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIPO) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in whom a stoma was constructed at the sigmoid colon to decompress intracolonic pressure. The treatment improved quality of life in this patient, suggesting that surgical resection of the colon to decompress intracolonic pressure would be one of the options for the treatment of intractable CIPO. The resected specimen obtained from the sigmoid colon was found to be palisaded, with nuclei crowded in some areas of the inner circular muscle layer and thickened, with zonal or focal myxoid regions with interstitial fibrosis, composed of collagenous and elastic fibers, in the outer longitudinal muscle layer. Some of the smooth muscle cells in the outer longitudinal muscle layer showed mild degeneration with cytoplasmic vacuolar changes, but no inflammatory changes. However, further studies are required to determine whether these histopathological changes are unique to RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2002

Carbohydrate expression profile of colorectal cancer cells is relevant to metastatic pattern and prognosis.

Carbohydrate expression of cancer cells is closely related to the metastatic nature of colorectal cancer. In the present study we investigated the relevance of carbohydrate expression profiles of colorectal cancer cells in the primary lesion to metastatic distribution patterns as well as prognosis in 134 cases. Carbohydrate expression was estimated by histochemistry with 17 kinds of lectins and 3 kinds of Lewis-related monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and correlations between the staining and clinicopathological parameters were examined. The results showed that lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and peritoneal metastasis correlated with staining with lectins that bind galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine residues (Gal/GalNAc) such as Maclura pomifera (MPA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Helix pomatia (HPA), and Vicia villosa (VVA). In contrast, hepatic metastasis correlated with staining with Anguilla anguilla lectin (AAA), anti-LewisX (LEX-2), anti-sialyl Lewisa (NS 19-9), and anti-sialyl-dimeric LewisX (FH-6) MAbs, all of which bind preferentially to fucosylated carbohydrate chains. The five-year survival rate of patients was related to the staining of cancers with MPA, HPA, FH-6 or NS19-9, and MPA- and FH-6 staining were independent prognostic factors. We conclude that carbohydrate expression profiles of cancer cells are relevant to the route of tumor cell dissemination, metastatic pattern as well as prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Understanding the response of dendritic cells to activation by streptococcal preparation OK-432.

BACKGROUND: The streptococcal preparation OK-432 induces maturation of T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). However, the mechanisms by which OK-432 induces DC maturation are not well understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of OK-432 and TNF-alpha on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were compared. Antibody-based approaches were used to detect proteins characteristic of antigen-presenting cells and cytokines. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the release of LDH after incubation of effector and target cells. The TLR-4 levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Changes in cell surface marker levels were detected in both treatment groups but OK-432 had a greater effect on induction of Th-1-type cytokines. Furthermore, TLR-4 mRNA was up-regulated in cells from two out of five patients in response to OK-432, but not in response to TNF-alpha. CONCLUSION: OK-432 has a more profound effect on human DCs than TNF-alpha and may act through multiple signaling pathways.

Adult↗