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Biomedical subjects

Z A Tabbarah

Publications and source records attributed to Z A Tabbarah.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Virus-induced chalazion.

PURPOSE: To investigate a viral etiology in certain chalazia. METHODS: A prospective study over 7.5 years of all newly presenting chalazia associated with diffuse follicular conjunctivitis but without any other aetiological factors. Patients were investigated for ocular or systemic infections by history, physical exam, slit-lamp exam, and/or histology of conjunctival biopsy (including transmission electron microscopy). RESULTS: A total of 27 patients developed follicular conjunctivitis without meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharitis, or sexually transmitted diseases. Evidence for a viral aetiology included: recent systemic viral illness (15/27), recent contact with subjects with chalazia or follicular conjunctivitis (5/27), preauricular lymphadenopathy (4/27), viral corneal disease (4/27), or viral particles by ultrastructure (4/4). CONCLUSIONS: Chalazia may be associated with viral conjunctivitis. Intralesional corticosteroids should be considered with great caution for viral-induced chalazia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Brucella infection in total hip replacement: case report and review of the literature.

A 47-y-old female underwent revision of a left total hip replacement because of loose prosthesis. Routine intraoperative culture of the hip site grew Brucella sp. The patient was treated with a combination of vibramycin and rifampicin for 5 months. At 4-y follow-up, her condition is good. Though prosthetic infection with Brucella spp. is an extremly rare condition (only 1 case each of femur and hip, and 3 cases of knee had been previously reported in the English literature), brucella infection of prosthetic joints should be considered in brucella endemic areas.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

Antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates at the American University of Beirut Medical Center.

For the first time from Lebanon, the antifungal susceptibility patterns of 70 consecutive clinical candida isolates (each from one patient) representing 48 C. albicans, 12 C. tropicalis, 6 C. parapsilosis, 2 C. kruseii, and 2 C. (Torulopsis) glabrata were studied against amphotericin B (AP), 5-fluorocytosine (FC), ketoconazole (KE), fluconazole (FL), and itraconazole (IT) using the Epsilometer test (E-test; AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden). The MIC90 (and MIC range, mg/l) determined, at 24 h incubation, for each antifungal agent against C. albicans were: AP 0.032 (< or = 0.002-0.064), FC 0.75 (0.023-2), KE 0.064 (0.002- > 32), FL 2 (0.064- > 256), and IT 0.19 (0.012-2), against C. tropicalis were: AP 0.016 (< 0.002-0.047), FC 0.125 (0.023-0.19), KE 0.094 (0.012-0.19), FL 2 (0.5-2), and IT 0.5 (0.047-1) and against C. parapsilosis were: AP < 0.002 (< 0.002-0.002), FC 0.047 (0.003-0.5), KE 0.004 (0.002-0.004), FL 0.125 (0.032-0.19), and IT 0.004 (< 0.002-0.004). Based on the NCCLS established MICs breakpoints, resistance was found among C. albicans to FL (MIC > or = 6 mg/l) and IT (MIC > or = 1 mg/l) in 6 and 4%, respectively, and among C. tropicalis to IT in 17% of the isolates. The susceptibility dependent upon dose (S-DD) was noted only to IT (MIC 0.25-0.5 mg/l) among C. albicans (8%) and C. tropicalis (58%). MICs determination at 48 h incubation were higher, showed more resistance rates and more endpoint trailing particularly with the azoles drugs. The small numbers of C. kruseii and C. glabrata preclude providing meaningful results. Thus, this study indicates that the antifungal susceptibility by E-test can be conveniently incorporated and performed in a hospital-based clinical laboratory. Despite the uniform susceptibility to AP and FC, resistance to azoles drugs is encountered in a range of 4-17% among candida isolates in this country.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1980

Thermodissociation of staphylococcal immune complexes and detection of staphylococcal antigen in serum from patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

We describe a simple and rapid method to dissociate antigen-antibody complexes to allow antigen detection by radioimmunoassay. Immunoglobulins and immune complexes were precipitated from serum in 50%-saturated ammonium sulfate. The precipitate was dissolved in distilled water and heated at 90 degrees C for 15 min to free the antigen and denature the antibody irreversibly. With this treatment, the sensitivity for detecting staphylococcal antigen added to human serum improved greater than or equal to 16-fold and was similar to the sensitivity in buffer. After intravenous injection of antigen into a rabbit with high levels of staphylococcal antibodies, antigen was detected only after thermodissociation. Also, in 4 of 26 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, circulating antigen was detected after thermodissociation. Thermodissociation of immune complexes is a simple, rapid method and should be useful for detecting other heat-stable antigens.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

Inhibitory effect of heat-labile serum factors on detection of staphylococcal, pseudomonas, and hepatitis B surface antigens by solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

Specific antibodies have previously been found to impair detection of staphylococcal antigen by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. The inhibitory effect of heat-labile serum factors on the detection of antigen is now described. Heating of serum at 56 C for 30 min prior to addition of antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus improved sensitivity by eight- to 32-fold. Heating was less effective when performed after addition of antigen. Treatment with zymosan reduced the inhibitory effect of serum, although less effectively than did preheating. Antigen in buffer was detected with 16 times less sensitivity in antibody-coated tubes exposed to fresh serum than in tubes exposed to heated serum. These findings suggest that complement factors can interact with antibody in coated tubes and at least some antigens and thereby inhibit detection of antigen. The finding that heat treatment improved the sensitivity of Ausria II -125 (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois) for hepatitis B surface antigen is of potential immediate clinical applicability.

Animals↗