Biomedical subjects

Z Arfeen

Publications and source records attributed to Z Arfeen.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

A comparison of intrathecal fentanyl and diamorphine as adjuncts in spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section.

This randomised controlled trial examines the effects of fentanyl and diamorphine, alone and in combination, as adjuncts to spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Ninety-nine women undergoing elective Caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia using 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine were randomly allocated to receive fentanyl 15 microg (F), diamorphine 0.25 mg (D), or fentanyl 15 microg plus diamorphine 0.25 mg (FD), intrathecally. All women received morphine via a patient controlled analgesia system after surgery. There was no significant difference between the groups in time to achieve a block, discomfort, ephedrine use, nausea and vomiting, pruritus and sedation during surgery. Significant differences were observed in morphine consumption 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after surgery between both F and D groups, and F and FD groups, and also at 2 h between F and FD groups. There was a significant difference in pruritus at 4 h between the F and FD group. Our results suggest that diamorphine alone provides optimum benefits during and after surgery, when used in combination with hyperbaric bupivacaine for Caesarean section.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗

PubMed1995

Variable-dose patient-controlled analgesia. A preliminary report.

One size of patient-controlled analgesia demand dose does not suit all patients after surgery. We have constructed a new patient-controlled analgesia (variable-dose patient-controlled analgesia) in which patients have a choice of demand dose sizes. In an initial trial, patients could choose between 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mg morphine. Patients readily understood the system and were all 'satisfied' (n = 1) or 'very satisfied' (n = 9) with the system. Only two patients sought 'complete relief' from pain, most reported seeking 'moderate relief'. All patients obtained a 'lot of relief' or 'complete relief' with this patient-controlled analgesia system. This preliminary experience suggests that variable dose patient-controlled analgesia warrants further investigation and comparison with conventional patient-controlled analgesia.

Analgesia, Patient-Controlled↗

PubMed1995

A double-blind randomized controlled trial of ginger for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

The efficacy of ginger for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting was studied in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in 108 ASA 1 or 2 patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery under general anaesthesia. Patients received oral placebo, ginger BP 0.5g or ginger BP 1.0g, all with oral diazepam premedication, one hour prior to surgery. Patients were assessed at three hours postoperatively. The incidence of nausea and vomiting increased slightly but nonsignificantly with increasing dose of ginger. The incidence of moderate or severe nausea was 22, 33 and 36%, while the incidence of vomiting was 17, 14 and 31% in groups receiving 0, 0.5 and 1.0g ginger, respectively (odds ratio per 0.5g ginger 1.39 for nausea and 1.55 for vomiting). These results were essentially unchanged when adjustment was made for concomitant risk factors. We conclude that ginger BP in doses of 0.5 or 1.0 gram is ineffective in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗

PubMed1994

The effects of Entonox and epidural analgesia on arterial oxygen saturation of women in labour.

The arterial oxygen saturation of 40 mothers in the first stage of labour was monitored using pulse oximetry. Half the mothers received epidural analgesia and the rest inhaled Entonox for pain relief. Eight mothers in the Entonox group and six in the epidural group had at least one episode of significant hypoxia (saturation < 90%). There was little difference in the number of hypoxic episodes experienced by either group (29 in the Entonox and 21 in the epidural) although their mean duration and severity was greater in the Entonox group. Women in labour who inhale Entonox have an appreciable incidence of arterial desaturation. Epidural analgesia reduces the severity of hypoxic episodes although it does not eliminate them.

Adult↗