Biomedical subjects

Z H Shi

Publications and source records attributed to Z H Shi.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Lack of intraspecific biological variation between two geographical populations of Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a gregarious larval-pupal parasitioid of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

The chalcid, Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov has been recorded in many parts of the world as a major larval-pupal, gregarious endoparasitoid of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), a serious pest of brassica vegetable crops worldwide. This study investigated intraspecific variation between two populations of O. sokiolowskii, one from Cape Verde Islands, West Africa and the other from Hangzhou, China. In all crosses and backcrosses between the two geographical populations, the numbers of progeny and sex ratio of progeny were similar to those obtained within each of the populations, demonstrating complete reproductive compatibility between the two populations. The two populations showed similar responses to temperature with respect to development time and survival of immature stages. Observations on the interactions between the two O. sokolowskii populations and Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov), another major parasitoid of P. xylostella, showed that neither population could achieve successful parasitism of P. xylostella larvae already parasitized by C. plutellae. However, both O. sokolowskii populations could achieve hyperparasitism by ovipositing into a mid-late stage larva of C. plutellae developing inside the primary host. Contrary to earlier reports, no evidence of intraspecific variations in ability to hyperparasitize between these two populations of O. sokolowskii was found.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Study on the retention behaviour of metal-tetraphenyl porphine chelates in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.

The retention behaviour of metal chelates of alpha,beta,gamma,delta-tetraphenylporphine (TPP) was studied in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). On C18 column, with various organic solvents as mobile phases, the retention of the chelates tends to increase in the following order: ZnTPP < TPP < NiTPP < CuTPP. This retention behaviour can get a good explanation from Horvath's "solvophobic theory". With the assumption that the electrostatic field strength of metal chelates can be measured by the ratio of electronegativity vs. ionic radius (EN/ri) of central metal ion, EN/ri was established to be an index for the retention behaviour of metal-TPP chelates. It was found that lnk' is in good linear relationship with the EN/ri value.

Chelating Agents↗

PubMed1997

Should we patch corneal erosions?

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of patching on the speed of reepithelialization, slit-lamp signs of epithelial wound healing, and patient discomfort following a corneal abrasion. METHODS: Forty-eight eyes of 46 patients with corneal erosion sparing Bowman membrane were randomized into 2 groups: with or without patching. Slit-lamp examination and photographs of the fluorescein-stained cornea were performed on a daily basis until reepithelialization was complete. Photographs were analyzed using computer-assisted planimetry. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between patched (n = 25) and nonpatched (n = 22) eyes for the mean size of the initial erosion (patched eyes, 23.7 mm2; nonpatched eyes, 18.9 mm2; P = .42), linear speed of reepithelialization (reduction over time of the radius of the largest circle included in the erosion: patched eyes, 0.0375 mm/h; nonpatched eyes, 0.0353 mm/h; P = .78), and surface speed of reepithelialization (reduction over time of the erosion area: patched eyes, 0.6510 mm2/h; nonpatched eyes, 0.5657 mm2/h; P = .60). The power to detect a 12-hour delay of epithelial closure was 95%. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups for pain, analgesia, insomnia, aspect of the epithelial border, intensity and duration of stromal edema, Descemet folds, anterior uveitis, and filaments. CONCLUSIONS: Patching a corneal erosion does not significantly accelerate reepithelialization and does not alter the epithelial wound healing pattern. It does not reduce the incidence and severity of inflammation nor relieve pain when compared with treatment without patching.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Anterior stromal punctures for bullous keratopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of anterior stromal punctures (ASP) in patients with bullous keratopathy (BK). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients awaiting penetrating keratoplasty with a diagnosis of BK were examined. They were seen before treatment with ASP and 1, 4, and 12 weeks after treatment. The examination included slit-lamp examination, photography of the cornea, ultrasonic pachymetry, central esthesiometry, and pneumotonometry. Subjective evaluations of pain, discomfort, and photophobia were also done using a visual scale model. Photographs were analyzed by computer-assisted planimetry and used to measure the corneal surface covered by bullae and microcysts. Pretreatment and posttreatment values (mean +/- SEM) were compared using the Student paired t test. RESULTS: At 3 months, a significant reduction in pain was noted. A decrease in the mean corneal surface covered by bullae (BKPreASP = 2733 +/- 553 microns2; BK3mo = 1006 +/- 356 microns2, P = .004) was observed. A decrease in the esthesiometry (E) measurement (EPreASP = 3.5 +/- 0.4 cm; E3mo = 1.3 +/- 0.3 cm, P < .001), an increase in corneal thickness ([CT] CTPreASP = 869 +/- 24 microns; CT3mo = 902 +/- 21 microns, P < .001), and a decrease in the number of quadrants through which iris (I) details could be seen (IPreASP = 1.7 +/- 0.3; I3mo = 1.2 +/- 0.3, P = .015) were also noted. These findings corroborate the clinical observation of increased subepithelial fibrosis following ASP. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior stromal punctures reduce bullae formation and alleviate pain in patients with BK, and they constitute a valuable alternative to penetrating keratoplasty should surgery be delayed or contraindicated.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and embolization in the treatment of hepatic carcinoma].

From September 1988 to Dec. 1991, 160 patients, in moderate and advanced stages of hepatic carcinoma were treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and embolization. Among them, 64.3% was of massive type, 26.5% of nodular type and 9.1% of diffuse infiltrating type. In most of the cases, the tumor was rich in blood vasculature. Tumor thrombus in the portal vessels and artero--venous fistula were common. The size of tumors were 3cm to 24cm. Most of the tumors decreased in size after treatment. In 132 pts followed-up for six to fifty-one months the one-year survival rate was 10.8% in the Hepatic Artery Infusion group, and 41.9% in the Hepatic Artery Infusion+Hepatic Artery Embolization Iodized Oil Gelfoam group. The longest survival period was 51 months after initial Hepatic Artery Iodized Oil and Hepatic Artery Embolization. Factors influencing therapeutic effects were; (1) stage of the tumor. (2) tumor thrombus in the portal vein. (3) methods of Hepatic Artery Infusion and Hepatic Artery Embolization. (4) selection of embolic material. (5) development of collateral circulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Treatment of hepatic neoplasms through extrahepatic collaterals after hepatic artery embolization].

Twenty patients with liver malignant tumors who were treated by hepatic artery occlusion previously, were treated with additional hepatic infusion or embolization though extrahepatic collaterals. Twenty eight courses of hepatic infusion were performed in 14 patients through the right phrenic artery, collaterals of the proper hepatic artery, collaterals of the superior mesenteric and the pancreaticoduodenal arcades, collaterals of the celiac artery, gastroduodenal artery and left gastric artery. Nine hepatic embolization procedures were performed in 5 patients through the right phrenic artery, collaterals of the proper hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery and collaterals of right renal artery. No complication related to the treatment procedures occurred in this group. The 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 60% and 10%, respectively.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Specific binding of anti-N-acetyllactosamine monoclonal antibody 1B2 to acute myeloid leukaemia cells.

1B2 is an IgM monoclonal antibody binding to glycoconjugates bearing the terminal N-acetyllactosamine structure. It agglutinates human erythrocytes. Various cell lines, peripheral blood leucocytes, normal marrow and blast cells from 179 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and 11 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) patients were tested for reactivity with 1B2. Myelomonocytic (CFU-GM), erythroid (BFU-E), mixed (CFU-GEMM) and leukaemic (CFU-L) progenitor cells were tested in clonogenic assays. Granulocytes, monocytes, myeloid cell lines and 152 out of 179 AML were positive. All FAB subtypes were equally recognised. Lymphocytes, T-cell and Burkitt's cell lines, and 10 of 11 ALL samples were negative. 1B2 inhibited partially day 7 CFU-GM, whereas it was not toxic for BFU-E, CFU-GEMM and day 14 CFU-GM. Leukaemic clonogenic cells were killed in 33 out of 36 AML (more than 40% growth inhibition). 1B2 identifies the more mature steps of myeloid differentiation. It may be useful in the diagnosis of AML, and is a candidate for remission marrow purging before autologous transplantation.

Amino Sugars↗

PubMed1992

Surface marker expression in acute myeloid leukaemia at first relapse.

Surface markers were studied at first relapse in 66 cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), using a panel of five monoclonal antibodies directed to CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33 and CD34 antigens. At time of relapse, there was increased expression of CD33 (P = 0.002) and CD34 (P = 0.0001), and decreased expression of CD13 (P = 0.004) and CD15 (P = 0.0001) antigens by comparison to initial diagnosis. There was no strict correlation with the FAB classification. However, CD13 and CD33 expression changes preferentially affected granulocytic leukaemias. At relapse, CD14 and CD34 were significantly more expressed in monocytic than in granulocytic AML (P = 0.01 and 0.003 respectively). In a multivariate analysis, CD34 expression was associated with a low CR rate (P = 0.001) and short survival (P = 0.05), whereas CD15 expression was associated with long survival (P = 0.0004). These results suggest that AML tends to relapse with a less differentiated phenotype than observed at diagnosis and that AML with less differentiated phenotype is of poor prognosis after first relapse, as also observed at diagnosis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

In vitro effects of recombinant hemopoietic growth factors on progenitor cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.

The effects of four recombinant hemopoietic growth factors (HGF) and of the impure factor HTB9 on proliferation and maturation of marrow myeloid (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells were studied in 22 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In most cases, IL-3, GM-CSF and G-CSF increased significantly the number of myeloid colonies, the best combination being IL-3 + GM-CSF. A significant increase in the myeloid colony/cluster ratio was also noted, but cytological examination of colony cells showed little maturation. The analysis of myeloid colony surface markers with four monoclonal antibodies (to CD13, CD15, CD33 and CD34) showed minor modifications with an increase of CD13 and CD15 in about one third of cases when compared to control without HGF. Erythroid colonies were obtained in one case with erythropoietin alone, and in 19 cases with the addition of GM-CSF and/or IL-3. In short-term liquid cultures, IL-3, GM-CSF and G-CSF increased 3H-thymidine incorporation. We conclude that progenitor cells of most MDS are able to proliferate in the presence of HGF, with wide case-to-case variations. However, the pattern of growth remains abnormal when compared to normal marrow. Although the combination of IL-3 and GM-CSF is the most efficient, there is a large overlap in the stimulating effects of all factors studied.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed1990

Myelodysplastic syndromes: a study of surface markers and in vitro growth patterns.

A study of surface markers and in vitro growth in semi-solid and liquid medium was performed in 35 patients with newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Surface markers were studied by CD34, CD13, CD14, CD15, and CD33 monoclonal antibodies. There was no strict correlation with the FAB typing, but CD34 was expressed only in refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) or RAEB in transformation (RAEB-t). CD14 was markedly positive in the 4 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Colony-forming cells were assessed by culture in semi-solid medium in the presence of HTB9 as growth factor. Four growth patterns were identified: a) normal growth (6 cases); b) no growth or low plating efficiency (10 cases); c) low colony and high cluster number (15 cases); and d) normal or high colony number with high number of clusters (4 cases). Expression of CD34 was associated with low colony and high cluster number. Finally we studied the proliferation and differentiation capacities in liquid culture without stimulating factor. Fifteen patients had a spontaneous proliferation. This was not correlated with any surface marker. Differentiation assessed by the loss of CD34 and/or the increase of CD15 by more than 20% at day 7 was observed in 21 cases. None of the surface markers or growth patterns was associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality, except the lack of growth in liquid culture observed in all 5q deletion cases. In univariate analysis, RAEB and RAEB-t FAB subtypes, percentage of blasts higher than 5%, staining by CD33 and CD34, and lack of differentiation in liquid culture were significantly associated with progression to leukemia and shorter survival. In multivariate analysis, only CD34 expression (P = .002) and percentage of blasts (P = .05) remained independent significant variables. CD34 was the only significant variable for prediction of survival (P = .05). It is concluded that surface marker analysis at diagnosis and after liquid culture may be a useful tool for the initial evaluation of MDS.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed1990

Myeloid surface antigen expression in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The expression of myeloid surface markers was investigated in 41 cases of untreated adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Nineteen cases (46%) reacted with at least one myeloid monoclonal antibody (CD15 in 16 cases, CD13 in 10 cases, CD14 in five cases, and CD33 in four cases). Double-staining confirmed the coexpression of myeloid and lymphoid markers. In addition, 35 samples were tested for CD34 expression. Fourteen of the 17 myeloid-positive cases tested were positive for CD34 vs. eight of 18 negative cases (p less than 0.05). A t(9;22) translocation was found in eight cases, and a t(4;11) translocation in two cases, all expressing CD34 and myeloid antigens. These findings confirm the high frequency of myeloid markers on the surface of adult ALL blasts, and suggest that these leukemias may originate in a poorly differentiated precursor cell with mixed differentiation capacities.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Pre-clinical evaluation of anti-lacto-N-fucopentaose III (CD15) monoclonal antibodies for ex vivo bone marrow purging in acute myeloid leukemia.

In order to eliminate residual leukemic cells from the marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) prior to autologous bone marrow transplantation, the optimal conditions of utilization of three CD15 murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) were investigated. The VIM-D5 MoAb was used with rabbit complement (C'), whereas the 8.27 and SMY15A MoAbs were used in the presence of human C'. These antibodies were also tested after fixation on magnetic beads. In a culture assay in semi-solid medium with a mixture of normal marrow and 1% HL60 cells, a lysis of clonogenic cells greater than 99% was achieved with the three antibodies and two rounds of complement, or with antibody-coated magnetic beads. Cultures of leukemic clonogenic cells (CFU-L) were performed in 47 cases. An inhibition equal to or greater than 90% was achieved in seven cases with VIM-D5, 16 cases with 8.27 and 11 cases with SMY15A and C'. The correlation with cytotoxicity of fresh cells was low. Twenty cases were purged with antibody-coated beads. An inhibition equal to or greater than 90% was observed in 10 cases with VIM-D5, 11 cases with 8.27 and 12 cases with SMY15A. The mean recovery of normal CFU-GM was higher than 70% and that of BFU-E higher than 95% with any method of treatment. It is concluded that efficient marrow purging of clonogenic AML cells can be achieved in some cases without toxicity for normal progenitors. The addition of other MoAbs seems necessary to obtain a significant purge in a majority of cases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1987

[X-ray features of primary non-squamous cell carcinoma and other malignant neoplasms in the trachea and main bronchi--analysis of 23 cases].

X-ray features of 23 cases (25 foci) of non-squamous cell carcinoma and other malignant neoplasms in the trachea and main bronchi were reviewed. They were 15 (17 foci) adenoid cystic carcinomas, 3 carcinoids, 2 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 1 well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma and extramedullary plasmocytoma each. The symptoms were non-specific leading to a delayed diagnosis more than one year in 52% of cases. The X-ray findings were classified into 3 types: intraluminal polypoid (11 tumors), sessile mass without and with extraluminal invasion (3 and 11 tumors). These tumors were prone to extraluminal invasion and can be demonstrated by X-ray. The air lumen involved appeared as localized expansion in 3 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 1 of which was proved by operation. Routine chest films were of limited value with 30% false negative chest film, 26% mediastinum mass and 30% obstructive pneumonitis/atelectasis. Lesions of posterior tracheal wall and carina were better revealed by lateral tomography. Of the 10 cases with lateral tomography, images were superior to those of AP tomography in 5. Three cases had CT scan, by which intra-tracheal/bronchial lesions, invasions of mediastinum and regional lymph nodes were shown. CT scan is more accurate compared with the other imaging modalities in visualizing these lesions and more helpful in selecting treatment.

Adolescent↗