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Biomedical subjects

Z Habbal

Publications and source records attributed to Z Habbal.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet for the treatment of obese hyperinsulinemic subjects.

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hyperinsulinemic obese subjects would respond differently to changes in the composition of hypoenergetic diets. DESIGN: A 4-week randomized dietary intervention trial. SUBJECTS: Thirteen male obese hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic subjects were divided into two groups and fed hypoenergetic diets providing 80% of their resting energy expenditure (REE). One group received a high-protein diet (HP; 45% protein, 25% carbohydrates, and 30% fat as percent of dietary energy) and the other a high-carbohydrate diet (HC; 12% protein, 58% carbohydrates and 30% fat). MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry, body composition, fasting serum insulin and lipids, and REE were performed before and after the feeding period. RESULTS: Weight loss was higher in the HP than HC group (8.3+/-0.7 vs 6.0+/-0.6 kg, P<0. 05). There was a decrease in body fat in both groups, whereas body water decreased significantly more in the HP group. REE decreased more in the HC than the HP group (-384.3+/-84.6 vs -132.3+/-51.0 kcal, P<0.05). Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly to a similar extent in both diet groups, while HDL cholesterol was decreased significantly only in the HP group. Mean fasting insulin decreased significantly in both diet groups and reached the normal range only in the HP group. CONCLUSION: A low-carbohydrate (LC), HP hypoenergetic diet could be the diet composition of choice for a weight-reducing regimen in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects.

Basal Metabolism↗
PubMed1998

The relationship between serum levels of erythropoietin (EPO) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (ILGF-1) and hematocrit (HCT) in breast cancer patients receiving non-nephrotoxic chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the hematocrit (HCT), serum erythropoietin (EPO) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (ILGF-1) levels in breast cancer patients receiving non-nephrotoxic chemotherapy. METHODS: Seventeen patients with stage II breast cancer were included. All received 6 cycles of non-nephrotoxic chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin or methotrexate with or without tamoxifen). Insulin-like growth factor-1 and EPO levels were determined before and at the end of therapy. Serum EPO levels were determined by Enzyme linked- immunosorbant assay (ELISA) while those of ILGF- I by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: A significant drop in mean HCT from 37.41%+/-0.77% to 35.18%+/-0.70%, associated with a significant decline in ILGF-1 levels from 92.1+/-15.48 ng/ml to 52.75+/-10.5 ng/ml at the end of the treatment was noted. This association became significant when patients receiving tamoxifen were excluded (r=0.69, p=0.02). The mean serum EPO levels increased significantly from 13.64+/-0.55 U/l to 19.44+/-3.18 U/l and correlated negatively with ILGF-1 level (r=-0.46, p=0.05). There was no significant relation between the serum EPO levels and HCT (r=-0.26, p=0.32). CONCLUSION: The current data show that ILGF-1 may play an important role in erythropoiesis and it correlates better than EPO with HCT in breast cancer patients receiving non-nephrotoxic chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Adenosine deaminase activity in various pathological effusions.

Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Activity in pathologic effusions was measured. The effusions were pleural (49 cases) peritoneal (38 cases) and pericardial (3 cases). The patients were divided into 6 groups: Group I included 10 cases with tuberculosis, group II included 6 cases with pleural effusions, group III included 46 cases of malignancy, group IV included 15 cases of transudates, group V included 4 miscellaneous cases and group VI included 8 cases of unknown diagnosis. Mean (ADA) activity was 102 +/- 37 U/L in Group I, 45 +/- 46 U/L in Group II, 27 +/- 30 U/L in Group III, 12 +/- 11 in Group IV, 36 +/- 32 in Group V and 38 +/- 42 in Group VI. Specificity and sensitivity for tuberculosis where a value > 41 U/L is taken is 85% and 100% respectively. Assessment of ADA in pathologic effusions is helpful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis but it does not replace the pleural or peritoneal biopsy.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1988

Prolonged chlorpromazine infusion as antiemetic in patients on daily cisplatin infusion. A pilot study.

Continuous chlorpromazine infusion 120 mg/m2/24 h was administered for a period of 84-110 h to 24 consecutive patients with various advanced solid malignancies receiving concomitantly a 3-day infusion of cisplatin. The latter was given at a dose of 40 mg/m2/day over 6 h every day, in combination with either doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide or 5-fluorouracil infusion or vinblastine and bleomycin. This novel approach of using prolonged continuous chlorpromazine infusion as antiemetic therapy proved quite safe with no incidence of extrapyramidal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, or agranulocytosis. Only one episode of convulsions occurred, promptly reversed. Also, antiemesis was demonstrated in 66% of patients receiving such highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Blood levels of chlorpromazine did not correlate with antiemetic efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plasma amino acid levels in cataract.

Fasting plasma amino-acid profiles were determined in 32 subjects with either cataractous lenses (24 subjects) or normal lenses (eight subjects). The findings were compared with established laboratory normal values. The amino-acid levels of all subjects with normal lenses were within the normal range for the subjects' age groups. In contrast, subjects with presenile or senile cataracts had markedly elevated levels of glutamine, with similar elevations of alanine in presenile cataract and of histidine in senile cataract. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such a plasma amino-acid pattern in subjects with presenile and senile cataracts.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of prostaglandin E1 on bile flow in the rat.

The effect of intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 on bile flow in the rat was investigated. PGE1 infused at concentrations of 4.5, 7.5 and 15 micrograms/kg body weight/min caused an initial increase in bile acid-independent bile flow rate which peaked within 30 min and was followed by a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) below the control value. However, PGE1 administered intravenously at an infusion rate of 15 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1 showed a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) in bile acid-dependent bile flow rate.

Alprostadil↗