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Biomedical subjects

Z J Lipowski

Publications and source records attributed to Z J Lipowski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Discussion: liaison psychiatry and the quest for new knowledge.

Liaison psychiatry has become a subspecialty of psychiatry. This Symposium illustrates a new trend for liaison psychiatrists to become involved in collaborative research at the interface of medicine and psychiatry. The contributors have shown how such research can be organized with help of consultation-liaison clinical work. Liaison psychiatry's future will depend on the provision of competent clinical service and high quality research of the type reported here.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Transient cognitive disorders (delirium, acute confusional states) in the elderly.

Transient cognitive disorders (delirium and pseudodelirium) are highly prevalent among the elderly, especially those with brain damage. Delirium is a common feature of physical illness or drug intoxication in elderly patients and requires prompt medical attention. While potentially reversible, delirium may herald death. Pseudodelirium may be induced by psychosocial stress or accompany a functional mental disorder. Transient cognitive disorders must not be confused with dementia, a chronic syndrome. The author discusses clinical features, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of delirium and related transient disorders of cognition in the elderly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

The need to integrate liaison psychiatry and geropsychiatry.

About 30% of medical and surgical inpatients are 65 years old or older, and the latter account for about 30% of referrals for psychiatric consultation. Delirium, dementia, and depressive and anxiety disorders are prevalent in these patients, and liaison psychiatrists are forced to function as (untrained) geropsychiatrists. The author proposes that liaison psychiatrists take over the role of geropsychiatric consultants to elderly medical and surgical inpatients and that fellowships in geropsychiatry-liaison psychiatry be funded to provide appropriate training. Integration of liaison psychiatry and geropsychiatry in general hospitals would provide needed service for the elderly and enhance the stature of liaison psychiatry.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Current trends in consultation-liaison psychiatry.

Consultation-psychiatry has grown rapidly and become a subspecialty of psychiatry in the past decade. The author reviews the history of this field at the interface of psychiatry and medicine, offers its definition, and discusses current trends pertaining to the organization of liaison services and to the teaching and research activities of liaison psychiatrists. He concludes that a liaison service has become a recognized division of a general hospital psychiatric unit for the provision of psychiatric consultation and teaching to the nonpsychiatric departments of the hospital. Consultation-liaison psychiatry (or liaison psychiatry for short) has emerged in the past decade as a subspecialty of psychiatry, one concerned with mental health problems among medical and surgical patients. Diagnosis, treatment, study and prevention of psychiatric disorders in those patients constitute the proper domain of liaison psychiatry. I will review in this article the major current trends in this field as they pertain to matters of organization, education, and research. A brief historical note and a definition of liaison psychiatry will introduce my review.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1981

Liaison psychiatry: referral patterns and their stability over time.

The authors analyzed referral patterns for psychiatric consultation from medical and surgical wards on the basis of 2,000 referrals. They found that patients' demographic characteristics were stable over time. The diagnoses of depressive disorders and organic brain syndromes consistently predominated. Other studies have shown similar findings. The authors stress the importance of research on depressive disorders in the physically ill and of teaching the diagnosis of organic brain syndromes. They also underscore the value of the liaison nurse.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Holistic-medical foundations of American psychiatry: a bicentennial.

American psychiatry has reached its bicentennial. Holistic-medical foundations have been its hallmark, inspiration, and source of preeminence. Incorporated by psychobiology, the American school, they enabled the growth of psychiatry as a medical specialty and scientific discipline and stimulated unparalleled growth of general hospital psychiatry, psychiatric research and teaching, and psychosomatic medicine and liaison psychiatry. Holistic conceptions, a product of a democratic system and the liberal mind, continue to provide the best framework for psychiatry and an antidote to dogma and fanaticism.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1980

A new look at organic brain syndromes.

The author points out that organic mental disorders have been neglected for the past 30 years and that the classification of these disorders is obsolete. On the basis of the new explicit criteria formulated in DSM-III, the growing recognition that organic disorders constitute a major public health problem, the advances made in the neurosciences, and the current focus on chronic diseases and critical care medicine, however, he predicts an increase in interest in organic mental disorders in the coming years. He outlines the new classification system, suggesting that it should stimulate research and thus lead to sorely needed therapeutic advances.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1979

Consultation-liaison psychiatry: past failures and new opportunities.

Although the concept of liaison psychiatry is not new, progress in its development has been slow. Obstacles to its development are examined and new prospects discussed in light of combined economic, political, and social forces which provide the opportunity for an expanded scope of clinical, teaching, and research activities.

Hospitals, General↗
PubMed1978

Mental disorders in cancer patients: a study of 100 psychiatric referrals.

Records of 100 consecutive hospitalized cancer patients referred for psychiatric consultation were reviewed. These patients constituted only 5% of those seen by the Psychiatry Consultation Service during the study period. Fifty-six percent of the referred patients were diagnosed as depressed and 40% as having organic brain disease. Twenty-six of the 100 patients were misdiagnosed by the referring physician as depressed but were classified by the staff psychiatrist as suffering from organic brain syndrome. When referral was studied by primary site of cancer, only patients with breast cancer were referred at a significantly higher than expected rate (p less than .001). The importance of the mental status examination as a routine procedure in all cancer patients is stressed so that an organic brain syndrome will not be missed. Suggestions for patient management are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Psychosomatic medicine in the seventies: an overview.

The author discusses the theoretical, investigative, clinical, and teaching aspects of psychosomatic medicine in the seventies. Major research and clinical developments are discussed in relation to key theoretical postulates and concepts. The rapidly expanding field of psychosomatic medicine is far more divant than ever before. Its hallmarks include a multifactorial approach to the study of health and disease, formulation of testable hypotheses and their careful validation, concern with the clinical applicability of research, and development of integrative theories. Current advances in the field have far-reaching inplications for medicine, psychiatry, and the behavioral sciences.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Psychiatric consultation: concepts and controversies.

There are two major models of consultation in the field of psychiatry, differing in their goals, participants, settings, and methods. The psychiatric-therapeutic model entails provision of optimal care for the individual patient; the community mental health model involves provision of assistance to mental health caregivers. The author believes that to enhance the value of consultation the consultation should restrict his or her role to that for which he or she has been trained. Current social needs, coupled with a limited supply of consultants, suggest that psychiatric consultation should be provided within comprehensive health care systems. There is a pressing need to clarify the concepts of formulations concerning the criteria of outcome of psychiatric consultation so that evaluation of its effectiveness can be advanced.

Canada↗