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Biomedical subjects

Z Kirkali

Publications and source records attributed to Z Kirkali.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Carcinoma of the bladder in patients less than 40 years old.

Records of fifteen patients less than 40 years old with carcinoma of the bladder are reviewed. Fourteen patients with transitional cell carcinoma had well or moderately differentiated superficial papillary tumours. One patient with adenocarcinoma died within 4 months with progressive disease. Four patients experienced recurrences and 9 patients had no recurrence of tumour after a mean follow-up of 55 months. It is concluded that the fate of patients younger than 40 years with bladder cancer is not different from those in older age groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Carcinoma of the prostate and HLA antigens.

A possible association between HLA antigens and carcinoma of the prostate was searched for in 20 patients and 200 healthy kidney donors. HLA antigens A26, A28, B13, B14, B40, Bw4 and Cw4 were more common in patients with carcinoma of the prostate. The relative risk for HLA B14 was 7.78 (95% confidence interval 7.60-8.13). The relative risk for patients carrying the above antigens (except A28) was higher than 2. This study shows that certain HLA antigens may be more frequent in patients with carcinoma of the prostate. Before drawing any conclusions from these findings, they have to be confirmed by other studies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Urological aspects of Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease, affecting mostly young males in the Mediterranean countries and Japan, is a multi-system disease with urological manifestations. In this prospective study of 100 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed Behçet's disease, we found that 89% of the males had experienced scrotal ulceration and 6% had epididymitis. We also observed sterile urethritis in 3%. Other urological abnormalities appeared to be coincidental findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Cysts of the prostate, seminal vesicles and diverticulum of the ejaculatory ducts.

The close proximity of the prostate, vas deferens, seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts are a diagnostic challenge to the cysts located in that region. Three patients with diverticulum of the ejaculatory ducts, 2 with prostate cysts and 1 patient with seminal vesicle cyst are presented. Transrectal ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging together with aspiration of the cyst establish diagnosis and probably prevent unnecessary exploration.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Androgen receptors in transitional cell carcinoma.

Androgen receptors were measured in transitional cell carcinoma tissues obtained from 13 patients with bladder tumours and 3 patients with ureteric tumours. Scatchard analysis of binding of mibolerone, a synthetic androgen, was used for receptor measurement. None of the patients were receptor positive. This study suggests that human male hormones do not play any direct role in the malignant transformation of human transitional cell epithelium.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Tunica vaginalis: an aid in hypospadias surgery.

Despite the improvements that have been made in equipment and in the techniques of hypospadias repair, some patients still present with failed repairs and urethral fistulas. In such patients the lack of prepuce leads to difficulty in obtaining adequate tissue for further reconstruction. In 14 patients with hypospadias who had already undergone surgery, a tube was formed from proximal penile or scrotal skin and wrapped by pedicled tunica vaginalis; 4 patients with urethral fistulas were treated in the same way after primary repair of the fistulas. Excellent cosmetic and functional results were achieved in all but 1 case. The technique is simple, has few complications and is recommended in the treatment of patients with failed hypospadias repair and urethral fistulas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Silent testicular metastasis from carcinoma of the prostate.

Secondary testicular tumours are rare, but metastasis of prostatic carcinoma to the testis is being reported more frequently. While this may not reflect a true increased incidence, more cases are detected by bilateral orchiectomy. Of 916 patients with carcinoma of the prostate diagnosed and treated over a period of 10 years, 124 underwent bilateral orchiectomy. Three patients were found to have testicular metastasis, 1 being bilateral. The route of spread seems to be through the lumen and/or lymphatics of the vas deferens. Although it is a sign of advanced disease, the prognostic significance is undetermined.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

HLA antigens and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

A possible association between HLA antigens and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder was searched for in 56 patients and 200 healthy kidney donors. Statistical analysis showed that HLA antigens A23, A25, A28, BW4, BW21, BW22 and CW4 are more common in bladder tumor patients, whereas B27 and BW6 were more common in the control group. The relative risk for HLA CW4 was 2.07 (95% confidence interval 1.51-2.48). Except for CW4, these findings are inconsistent with previous reports. We believe this to be due to various misleading factors, and thus not conclusive. Even if such a statistical association exists, this appears to be clinically not relevant and, therefore, should not alter standard practice.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiological case-control study on the etiology of bladder cancer in Turkey.

A case-control study of 194 patients with bladder cancer and the same number of age- and sex-matched hospital controls were interviewed to estimate the role of various factors on the etiology of bladder cancer in Turkey. There was a significant difference between the case and control groups on cigarette smoking (p less than 0.001), alcohol intake (p less than 0.001), Turkish coffee consumption (p = 0.01), and artificial sweeteners (p less than 0.05). The risks for alcohol and tobacco users increased in correlation with the duration of exposure. The risk of bladder cancer increased directly with the quantity and frequency of alcohol intake. Alcohol and coffee drinking was found to be a promoting factor when adjusted to smoking habits (p less than 0.05). No statistical comparisons could be made to clarify the risks attributed by occupation and place of residence due to small figures in each group. However, in farmers, there was a significant difference between the cases and controls on the use of artificial fertilizers and insecticides (p less than 0.01). People who were exposed to unspecified chemical substances were more prone to develop bladder cancer (p less than 0.001). We conclude that both personal habits and exogenous carcinogens play a role in the etiology of bladder tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Androgen receptors--a method to measure functional behaviour in human prostatic cancer.

Androgen receptors were measured in soluble and nuclear fractions of tissues obtained from 25 patients. A method using mibolerone, a synthetic androgen, as a ligand is described. This method, which includes the presence of excess ORG 2058 to eliminate interaction with progesterone receptors, gives a reliable determination of androgen receptor content and has been used to predict response to hormonal treatment. However, the results suggest that the presence of functional receptor is not, in itself, a sufficient index of hormonal dependence of the tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract.

We present a retrospective 10 year analysis of 76 patients with urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract. Patients older than 65 years, and female patients, presented with more advanced stages and had a worse prognosis. The grade and stage of the tumour has the greatest impact on survival. No conclusions can be drawn on the efficacy of various types of surgery, but simple nephrectomy gave a 5-year survival of 68%, with a stump recurrence rate of 15%. We observed that patients with urothelial tumours had 4 fold increased chance of developing gastrointestinal cancer.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1988

Bladder agenesis.

Agenesis of the bladder is an extremely rare anomaly with only approximately 40 such cases reported in the literature. We report on a 30-year-old female patient who also had right renal agenesis.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

Ureterorenoscopy: a new approach in the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract disorders.

Endoscopy is a well-established method of diagnosing and treating lower urinary tract disorders. Developments in the optical quality and manufacture of more precise instruments now also makes inspection of the upper urinary tract possible. Today, ureteric stones can easily be dealt with by non-operative measures with the use of operating ureterorenoscope. Diagnosis and treatment of other pathological conditions of the upper urinary tract are also possible. It is also the best way of assessing ureteric and renal pelvic tumours.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1988

Amiodarone-induced sterile epididymitis.

Sterile epididymitis in 2 patients who were on amiodarone for cardiac arrhythmias is presented. Decrease in drug dosage rendered the patients pain-free and testicular swelling resolved in a fortnight.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1988

Blood groups and transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.

A retrospective analysis of the blood groups of 74 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is presented. The blood group distribution of the patients reflected that of the general population. No relationship was found between blood groups and stage and grade of the tumour or patient survival. Nor were blood groups predictive of bladder tumour recurrence and stump recurrence in patients who had undergone simple nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Spontaneous kidney rupture in polyarteritis nodosa. Report of four cases.

Spontaneous kidney rupture as the initial manifestation of polyarteritis nodosa is rare. We present 4 such patients who underwent nephrectomy. We suggest primary nephrectomy in patients with spontaneous kidney rupture and resultant retroperitoneal hematoma in whom no preoperative diagnosis is available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The use of oxybutynin in urological practice.

A total of 216 patients with voiding disorders were treated with oxybutynin and the effects and side effects were studied. The drug is effective in a wide variety of disorders. Good results were obtained in 66% of patients who had no previous treatment and in 46% of patients who had taken various drugs before. It was just as effective in all age groups. Twenty-three per cent of patients experienced side effects and 10% were unable to tolerate the drug. It is concluded that oxybutynin is an effective drug in the treatment of unstable bladder and disorders such as catheter-induced spasms.

Adolescent↗