Biomedical subjects

Z Kleinrok

Publications and source records attributed to Z Kleinrok.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Anticonvulsant activity of carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin against maximal electroshock in mice chronically treated with aminophylline.

The anticonvulsant activities of both carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin alone (after a single intraperitoneal administration) or combined with aminophylline were studied against maximal electroshock-induced convulsions in male mice. Aminophylline (injected acutely at 50 mg/kg) significantly increased the ED50 values of both antiepileptics. Given for three days, aminophylline (50 mg/kg, twice daily) still impaired the potency of both antiepileptics and after chronic aminophylline administration a further decrease in the protective activity of carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin was found. Specifically, after 14 days of aminophylline treatment, ED50s for carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin were 26 and 19 mg/kg, respectively. These ED50s were significantly elevated compared to values determined after acute aminophylline treatment (21.2 and 14.9 mg/kg, respectively). Plasma levels of both antiepileptics were unaffected by chronic aminophylline which seems to exclude a pharmacokinetic interaction in terms of total plasma levels at least. The present results clearly indicate that the aminophylline-induced impairment of the anticonvulsant activity of carbamazepine and diphenylhydantoin is enhanced over time. This may render aminophylline a hazardous drug to epileptic patients who are prescribed this smooth muscle relaxant.

Aminophylline↗

PubMed1992

Antiparkinsonian drugs memantine and trihexyphenidyl potentiate the anticonvulsant activity of valproate against maximal electroshock-induced seizures.

Memantine increased the threshold for electroconvulsions, when administered at 1.0-6.0 mg/kg (i.p.) and given in subthreshold doses of 0.0156, 0.0625, 0.125 and 0.5 mg/kg (i.p.) potentiated the protective efficacy of valproate, against maximal electroshock (50 mA)-induced seizures in mice, lowering the ED50 from 235 to 197, 172, 164 and 130 mg/kg, respectively. Trihexyphenidyl, applied in doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg (i.p.), did not influence the electroconvulsive threshold per se but when combined with valproate, strongly enhanced its anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock-induced seizures lowering the ED50 from 206 to 103 and 46 mg/kg, respectively. The chimney test and retention testing in mice revealed that administration of memantine at 0.5 mg/kg (i.p.) or trihexyphenidyl at 30 mg/kg (i.p.) together with valproate in doses of 130 or 103 mg/kg (i.p.), respectively, resulted in motor impairment and caused impairment of long-term memory, similar to the effects of valproate alone, when applied at its ED50 against maximal electroshock. Neither memantine nor trihexyphenidyl altered the total level of valproate in plasma. It may be concluded that the potentiation of the anticonvulsant activity of valproate, by memantine and trihexyphenidyl, is not associated with a pharmacokinetic interaction.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Some pharmacological properties of prolonged administration of Ukrain in rodents.

Some pharmacological properties of Ukrain administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) once daily for three months in mice and rats of both sexes were studied. A three month treatment with Ukrain significantly depressed the spontaneous locomotor activity and did not affect the motor coordination of mice and rats of both sexes. Ukrain did not affect the body weight gain as well as the mass of internal organs; the exception was an increase in the mass of the spleen in rats. Biochemical studies indicated that a three month treatment with Ukrain depressed the whole brain dopamine (DA) concentrations and did not affect the noradrenaline (NA) concentrations. Long-term administration of Ukrain showed no characteristic changes in the concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the whole brain. The observed changes after three months' treatment with Ukrain are similar in mice and rats of both sexes.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1992

Modification of antinociceptive action of morphine by Ukrain in rodents.

Morphine-induced (0.1 mg/kg s.c.)antinociceptive action was determined in rodents by using the writhing syndrome, hot plate and tail-flick tests. Ukrain given i.p. in doses equivalent to 0.05 and 0.1 LD50 did not affect the reactivity of the mice in the writhing syndrome test. Only in a dose of 0.1 LD50 did Ukrain produce an antinociceptive effect in the hot-plate and tail-flick tests. Ukrain significantly enhanced the antinociceptive effect of morphine in the hot-plate and tail-flick tests. The action of morphine was significantly suppressed by Ukrain in the writhing syndrome test in mice. These results indicated that Ukrain modified the antinociceptive action of morphine.

Acetates↗

PubMed1992

Effect of Ukrain on the efficacy of anti-epileptic drugs against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice.

It has been found that Ukrain, given intraperitoneally (i.p.), did not influence the threshold for maximal electroconvulsions in mice. Ukrain in doses of 9.5 and 19 mg/kg significantly enhanced the protective efficacy of valproate, decreasing the ED50 values. However, Ukrain had no effect on the protection provided by diazepam, carbamazepine, diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital. The combined treatment with Ukrain and anti-epileptic drugs did not cause any signs of toxicity.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1992

Effect of three months treatment with Ukrain on peripheral blood morphology in rodents.

Studies on Albino Swiss mice and Wistar rats have demonstrated that Ukrain administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) for three months produces the following effects in the haematologic parameters: increased leucocytes and decreased thrombocytes. The haemoglobin and erythrocyte levels, as well as haematocrit value, were unchanged. In the leucogram changes were observed; i.e., a fall in the number of neutrophil segments and an increase in the lymphocyte count. The erythrocyte indices, P.C.V., M.C.V., M.C.H. and M.C.H.C. were not changed by a period of three months i.p. Ukrain administration. The observed changes were more marked in female than in male animals and were greater in mice than in rats.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1992

Effect of single and three months treatment with Ukrain on aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and on the serum protein level in rodents.

The influence of Ukrain on the activity of aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and on the serum total protein content was estimated in mice and rats of both sexes receiving single or repeated doses of the drug. It was found that one hour after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Ukrain no characteristic changes were recorded in the activity of the investigated enzymes, or in the serum protein content of animals of either sex. Similar effects were observed after three months treatment with Ukrain in rats of either sex. Only in mice receiving Ukrain for three months was a rise in ALT and AST activity found. No particular changes were observed in the total serum protein level, except for a small decreases in the sera of male mice.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1992

Effect of single and prolonged administration of Ukrain on prolactin concentration in rats.

The effect of single and prolonged administration of Ukrain on the serum prolactin concentrations in rats of both sexes was investigated. One hour after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Ukrain in rats, in doses of 7, 14 and 28 mg/kg, the drug did not affect their serum prolactin concentration. Only in a dose of 28 mg/kg did this drug decrease serum prolactin in a group of female rats. Repeated i.p. treatment (once daily for three months) with 7, 14 and 28 mg/kg of Ukrain significantly increased the serum prolactin concentration in rats of both sexes. The most marked effect was observed in the group of female rats.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1992

Interaction between Ukrain and aminophenazone in analgesic tests in rodents.

The effect of Ukrain on the analgesic activity of aminophenazone was studied in mice and rats. Antinociceptive action induced by aminophenazone in doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) was determined by using the writhing syndrome, hot-plate tests and tail-flick latency. The action of aminophenazone was significantly enhanced by Ukrain in the writhing syndrome test and in the tail-flick test. Antinociceptive action of aminophenazone was decreased by Ukrain in the hot-plate test in mice. These results suggest that Ukrain, given simultaneously with aminophenazone, changes susceptibility of animals to nociceptive reaction in the tests performed.

Acetates↗

PubMed1992