Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Z Lojda.
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106 consecutive patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were entered into prospective study with the aims of finding out whether a detailed clinical, biochemical, immunological and cytochemical examination might help to subclassify CLL with respect to prognosis. None of the biochemical and immunological parameters studied correlated either with the clinical stage of the disease according to Rai, or with further evolution of the disease. On the other hand, the results of cytochemical tests indicated that the reaction for DPP II (dipeptidylaminopeptidase) might be of prognostic value, because in patients with stable disease, significantly lower number of DPP II positive lymphocytes were found when compared with patients suffering from progressive disease. The authors also point out some short-comings of Rai's staging system in respect to its prognostic significance.
Hydrocortisone acetate or hemisuccinate (75 mg/kg body mass) applied to rats i.m. and/or s.c. on the 9th and 10th postnatal days causes a precocious decrease of sialic acid content of the small intestinal brush-border membrane. On the 15th postnatal day the bound sialic acid of the whole membrane fraction drops to almost half of the values of control animals and to one third of the control values for the papain-solubilized membrane proteins. The hydrocortisone effect is manifested on isoelectric focusing zymograms by a faster increase of pI of the solubilized brush-border enzymes on the 12th and 15th postnatal days.
2-Naphthylamine, 4-methoxy-2-naphthylamine, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin and 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin and X peptides have become a useful tool to study proteases by a battery of complementary methods; they now include biochemistry, section biochemistry, location cytochemistry, ultracytochemistry and isoelectric focusing. By the use of these procedures we hope that more insight will be possible in the functional role of proteases in health and disease in the near future.
The fluorescence detection of proteases is not only possible with MNA but also with AFC and AMC peptides which were used up till now only for biochemical protease investigations. The MNA method is more sensitive due to the coupling capability of MNA with NSA than the AMC and AFC procedure. In comparison with the simultaneous azo-dye method the fluorescence technique may be inferior as far as the sharpness of the bands is concerned. The fluorescence staining is superior, however, if proteinases have to be investigated that are inhibited by diazonium salts, or where interference of diazonium salts and activators or inhibitors occurs; finally, it is a simple procedure to elucidate the value of MNA, AFC and AMC peptides for one and the same protease. In the field of applied isoelectric focusing the azo-dye and fluorescence procedure are now used together by us to detect possible differences in protease isoenzyme patterns in normal and diseased human biopsies, e.g. from liver, kidney and small intestine.
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Principles of right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy technique and the authors' experiences with application of this method in 127 patients with different cardiopathies are presented, and the main spheres of the application of this method in clinical cardiology are specified. Its contribution to clinical diagnosis of cardiopathies can according to its importance be arranged in the following order: diagnosis of rejection reaction of a transplanted heart and evaluation of the efficiency of anti-rejection treatment; diagnosis of diffuse specific diseases of cardiac tissue, and as yet not fully clarified diagnostic contribution in cardiomyopathies and other heart diseases.
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