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Biomedical subjects

Z M Sun

Publications and source records attributed to Z M Sun.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Auditory evoked potentials and multiple personality measures in migraine and post-traumatic headaches.

Migraine sufferers have abnormal cerebral information processing and personality disorders, post-traumatic headache sufferers also have some personality changes. We therefore, studied intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials, Plutchik-van Praag's depression inventory, Zuckerman's sensation seeking scales and Zuckerman-Kuhlman's personality questionnaire in patients suffering from migraine without aura (n = 26) and chronic post-traumatic headaches (n = 26) as well as in healthy volunteers (n = 30). The migraine group showed significantly increased neuroticism-anxiety than controls, increased intensity dependence of N1-P2, and decreased thrill and adventure score compared with the controls and post-traumatic headaches. The post-traumatic headache had significantly increased depression compared with the controls, and increased disinhibition compared with the controls and migraines. This study demonstrates that the two headache types have different neurophysiological and personality traits. The pronounced intensity dependence of N1-P2 suggests a cortical potentiation response, together with a decreased thrill and adventure seeking, favor a lower serotonergic innervation in migraine. While the elevated disinhibition and depression, as consequences, may be linked with the wide cortical neuronal/axonal degeneration in post-traumatic headache.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Refusion of anterior cerebral artery after aneurysm clipping--a case report.

Herein, we are describing an unusual case suffering from a left anterior cerebral artery aneurysm (A1). Both the anterior cerebral arteries were supplied by the left internal carotid artery as was found in digital substraction angiography (DSA) preoperatively. The postoperative angiograms revealed that left anterior cerebral artery was supplied from the left internal carotid artery and the right anterior cerebral artery by the right internal carotid artery respectively. This finding of cerebral angiograms is interesting and rarely mentioned in the literature. Its hemodynamic change and pathogenesis were unclear and different to that of the coronary circulation, ischemic change of gut and skeletal muscle. The causes may include: 1) vasospasm at the anterior communicating artery after manipulation at surgery; 2) desiccation or shrivelling the adjacent artery by intraoperative electrocoagulation; 3) occlusion the anterior communicating artery by the wing of clip. 4) the deprivation of the blood flow from the left internal carotid artery after totally or partially narrowing left A1 by an aneurysm clip. The redistribution of blood volume in the previously hypoplastic right anterior cerebral artery and decreased caliber of the left anterior cerebral artery (A1) are likely playing a role in this case.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1996

Bilateral epidural hematoma in a neonate.

A skull bone fracture was detected in a neonate immediately after filling down. Bilateral epidural hematoma was diagnosed by plain CT scans. Craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma was done when the neurological signs were worsening. Epidural hematoma was documented communicating, via the fracture site with the overlying cephalohematoma. Good recovery was achieved following the operation. The longterm follow-up of this patient is mandatory.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Brain metastasis from pericardial angiosarcoma.

A case of metastatic intracranial angiosarcoma in a 17-year-old female is presented. The patient underwent a sternotomy for treatment of a primary angiosarcoma arising from the pericardium. The postoperative course was uneventful but the patient died as a result of multiple metastases. The metastatic intracranial tumor had features characteristic of angiosarcoma as revealed by light microscopy with positive immunohistochemical staining of factor VIII-related antigen. Only a few cases of intracranial metastasis from cardiac angiosarcoma have been reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Total hip arthroplasties in 190 cases: follow-up study].

One hundred and ninety-six cemented total hip arthroplasties performed in 190 patients (mean age, 62 years) followed-up with an average of 8.7 years were reviewed. The results were compared with the same group previously reported at an average follow-up of 4 years. Clinically satisfactory results were observed at the short- and medium-terms. Evaluation of the study with Harris score system showed that the score records fell from 85 to 78.4 points in the same group and the revision rate rose from 6.84% to 14.73%. The main causes of the prosthesis failure were loosening of the prosthesis and of breakage of the prosthesis stem. This follow-up study showed that the short-term prosthesis failure was mainly related to the cement-fixing technique, while the medium-term failure was due to side effects of the cement. This series showed that cemented prosthesis is a good selection especially for elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

An unusual intracranial metastasis of osteosarcoma.

Intracranial metastasis is unusual in osteosarcoma. A case of osteosarcoma was presented with a large intracranial "stone" which was a subdural convexity metastasis. Smaller epidural metastases over other areas were noted also in brain CT scan. Using the radiographs and bone scans, many other lesions at bones, the mediastinum, pleura, perirenal space, and adrenal gland were detected simultaneously. This condition might result from either early metastases or multifocal osteosarcomas. Because many of the above lesion sites were not frequent locations of primary osteosarcoma and had been reported as metastatic targets of osteosarcoma. So the explanation of a very malignant osteosarcoma with early metastases may be more appropriate for this case. The baseball-like tumor in the subdural space with marked compression of the brain surface was grossly totally excised. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Postoperatively, the man's condition improved dramatically, though only for two months. He died 5 months later. Reports of such metastatic osteosarcomas are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in patients with renal function of various degrees].

The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin was investigated in 12 patients with renal function of various degrees. A single dose of 500 mg of ciprofloxacin was administered after overnight fasting. Serum and urine samples were collected serially at different intervals and subjected to bioassay and HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by assuming an open two-compartment model. Apparent difference was observed in pharmacokinetic parameters between patients with severe impairment of renal function and those with normal renal function. For the former group, the area under the curve of serum concentration versus time was tripled (42.22 +/- 12.48 vs. 14.55 +/- 6.66 mg.h-1.ml-1, the renal clearance of ciprofloxacin was reduced to one-tenth (22.43 +/- 12.08 vs. 193.13 +/- 65.14 ml/min), and the elimination half-life was prolonged twofold (9.28 +/- 2.42 vs. 4.72 +/- 1.35 h). The correlation between renal drug clearance and Ccr was highly significant (r = 0.935, P < 0.001). On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that a reduction of one half of the dose of ciprofloxacin or an increase of a double of the administration time interval may be indicated in chronic renal failure with GFR less than 25 ml/min.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Contralateral epidural hematoma following the craniotomy for intracerebral tumor--one case report and review of literature].

A 40-year old female patient suffered from headaches for 2 months. Two days before admission, the headache got worse and vomiting and seizures followed. Brain CT scans revealed a right frontal intracerebral tumor. So she received a craniotomy to remove the tumor, which was verified as glioblastoma multiforme. The postoperative course was uneventful. However, headaches attacked again two weeks later. An epidural hematoma on the left parietooccipital region was found on brain CT scans. The craniotomy was done to remove the hematoma and no abnormal vessels or inflammation was seen in the operative field. This was the first such case we had encountered. We review the literature and discuss possible factors related to this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Failure of two macrolide antibiotics to prevent post-extraction bacteraemia.

Two macrolide antibiotics, erythromycin and josamycin, were compared in a double-blind trial to examine their efficacy in the prevention of post-dental extraction bacteraemia in a group of healthy patients. An in vitro blood culture system was used. Isolates of streptococci were identified to species level. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin and of josamycin for each isolate were estimated by an agar dilution technique, with controls. Levels of drug in the serum of volunteers and of patients were assayed after oral doses of the macrolide antibiotics. Levels found achieved early peaks and satisfactory concentrations for activity against streptococci. Within the specified parameters, the results demonstrated that the antibiotics failed to prevent survival in blood culture of various strains of streptococci for up to 24 hours following collection of the blood. It is recommended that an alternative antibiotic to either erythromycin or to josamycin be used to achieve prophylaxis against streptococci in infective endocarditis risk patients who are allergic to penicillin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparative efficacy and tolerance of erythromycin and josamycin in the prevention of bacteraemia following dental extraction.

The tolerance and pharmacokinetics of erythromycin stearate and josamycin base were compared in healthy dental students. The efficacy and tolerance of the two antibiotics were compared in the prevention of bacteraemia following dental extraction. Erythromycin achieved higher serum levels at the time of extraction in dental patients than did josamycin. Erythromycin was rapidly and better absorbed than josamycin in the student volunteers, but josamycin caused less gastrointestinal side effects than erythromycin. Both antibiotics were only marginally more effective than placebo in preventing bacteraemia following dental extraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Predominance of resistant oral streptococci in saliva and the effect of a single course of josamycin or erythromycin.

We have investigated the influence of the macrolides erythromycin and josamycin on the selection of resistant oral streptococci by sampling saliva of volunteers before and after oral administration of 1.5 g of either agent followed by a further 0.5 g of the same drug after 6 h, as in routine prophylaxis for oral or dental procedures. The small proportion of resistant organisms present before antibiotic administration increased substantially 48 h after the macrolides were given. After antibiotic administration mean counts of oral streptococci resistant to 1, 4 and 64 mg/l erythromycin were 23%, 17% and 6%, respectively, of the total numbers of streptococci isolated; after josamycin, the values were 13%, 6% and 4% respectively. The proportion of resistant streptococci then declined gradually but remained above pre-antibiotic levels three months later. Streptococci isolated on media containing 64 mg/l of macrolides were mainly Streptococcus sanguis and S. mitis with one isolate of S. salivarius; the majority were resistant to 256 mg/l erythromycin, josamycin, all other macrolides tested and clindamycin. Amoxycillin and pristinamycin were the only compounds tested that were inhibitory to these organisms at therapeutically attainable concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Delayed onset of traumatic epidural hematoma.

Over 36 months, 16 cases of delayed onset of traumatic epidural hematoma have been collected in our hospital. A negative CT finding was recorded on arrival and repeated CT scans obtained following neurological deterioration of the patients revealed sizable epidural hematomas. The occurrence of delayed epidural hematoma was more frequent in our series than previously reported. The most significant predisposing factors were skull fracture and relief of intracranial pressure. All patients received surgical management. Prognosis of these patients was directly related to the promptness with which the hematoma was removed once neurological compression began.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Factors possibly influencing the prognosis of oligodendroglioma.

Fifty-seven cases of oligodendroglioma (including eight cases of malignant oligodendroglioma) treated at the University of Tokyo Hospital between 1961 and 1985 were analyzed for factors influencing the survival rate. Factors related to a poor outcome were findings of malignancy and symptoms of dementia. Survival rate and postoperative survival period were not influenced significantly by radiation therapy, extent of resection, tumor characteristics, or ABO blood groups.

Adolescent↗