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Biomedical subjects

Z Novotný

Publications and source records attributed to Z Novotný.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[The management of uterine fibroids: Czech and Slovak Gynecologic Endoscopy Working Group (CSGE) clinical practice guidelines].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to give a guideline to the management of uterine fibroids. DESIGN: Review. SETTING: Czech Society Gynecological Endoscopic Working Group. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The bibliographic data from Medline were reviewed from 2003-2004 using the key words: fibroid--leiomyoma--uterine artery occlusion--hysterectomy--myomectomy. CONCLUSION: The clinical guideline was prepared after the analysed data were supplied using the material and criteria of Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) for the management of uterine fibroids.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Markers of oxidative stress in diabetic mothers and their infants during delivery.

Oxidative stress is probably a pathophysiological process leading to disadvantageous outcomes in diabetic pregnancies. We aimed to map a complex of potential markers of oxidative stress in this condition. Diabetic mothers had significantly higher concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the plasma [TBARS] both before (p<0.0001) and after (p<0.001) delivery and also their newborns showed higher values of TBARS (p<0.0001) in comparison with the control group. Diabetic mothers also showed lower concentrations of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes [GSH] both before (p<0.05) and after (p<0.01) delivery and their infants also had lower levels of GSH (p<0.0001). We found a lower total antioxidative capacity of plasma [AOC] before delivery (p<0.05) in the diabetic group in comparison with the control group. Newborns of diabetic mothers had higher plasmatic concentrations of apolipoproteine B [apo B] (p<0.05), higher erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase [GPx] activity (p<0.05) and lower pH (p<0.001) in the umbilical cord blood, when compared with infants of control non-diabetic mothers. We conclude that pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus represent increased oxidative stress for both mother and her infant. TBARS in plasma are a valuable marker of oxidative stress in this condition. Disruption of glutathione peroxidase/glutathione pattern can be involved in pathophysiology of enhanced oxidative stress in diabetic pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Molecular diagnosis in pancreatic carcinoma].

Present diagnostic possibilities virtually do not make it possible to diagnose early stages of pancreatic cancer. Likewise, it is very difficult to differentiate between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. The methods of visualization are insufficiently sensitive and the determination of certain genes could enrich our diagnostic opportunities. Considerable attention in this direction has been devoted to the determination and evaluation of the presence of oncogene K-ras. Our initial experience with the determination of K-ras in preparations from patients with pancreatic cancer or with chronic pancreatitis confirmed that K-ras in an oncomarker associated with adenocarcinoma of pancreas, whereas in patients with chronic pancreatitis it occurs in about 10% of the examined samples.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Endometrial ablation and resection techniques].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize all currently used and experimental, hysteroscopic and non-hysteroscopic methods of endometrial ablation and resection, their indications, operation techniques, and treatment results. DESIGN: Literary review. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty and Faculty Hospital, Charles university, Capkovo námĕstí 1, Plzen, Czech Republic. METHODS: Analysis of the literature (textbooks, medical journals, database Medline, Current Contents, Embase, PubMed). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endometrial ablation and resection play an important role in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Hysteroscopic methods visualize the uterine cavity and enable to treat lesions in it at the same time. Non-hysteroscopic methods are less invasive for the patient and comfortable for the surgeon. Both groups of methods have similar treatment results.

Electrocoagulation↗
PubMed1996

[Immunologic factors in the serum and peritoneal fluid in women after laparoscopy. I. Nonspecific factors].

The authors examined by diagnostic laparoscopy and immunologically 180 patients in 1993-1995. They assessed in serum and peritoneal fluid IgG, IgA, IgM, haptoglobulin, A2-macroglobulin, A1-antitrypsin, transferrin, C4- and C3-complement, orosomucoid, A2AP-glycoprotein, albumin, prealbumin and hemopexin. The authors found that some individual pathological results as regards non-specific immunity supplement the clinical diagnosis, in particular in endomeriosis, multiple adhesions, polycystic ovaries and chronic anovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Monitoring immunity factors in serum and peritoneal fluid after laparoscopy in women. II. Sperm and zona pellucida antibodies].

A team of authors investigated antibody levels against spermatozoa and against the zona pellucida in sera and peritoneal fluids in infertile women where diagnostic laparoscopy was indicated. The immunological cause of infertility was diagnosed in some women with a normal laparoscopic finding on the inner genital, as well as in patients with endometriosis and in women with adhesions. A minimal antibody response to antigens of gametes was recorded in women with the diagnosis of uterus myomatosus, uterus hypoplasticus and polycystic ovary. The authors present detailed findings on antibodies in different groups of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Zona pellucida antibody detection using the passive hemagglutination reaction. II. Clinical part].

The authors examined sera of patients suffering from idiopathic infertility, unsuccessful IVF, the diagnosis of habitual abortion and endometriosis, using the test of the passive haemagglutination reaction with sheep erythrocytes sensitized by 11 antigenic fractions of pig zona pellucida, molecular weights from 13.3-114 kilodaltons. The authors analyze the assembled results with regard to individual antigenic fractions and with regard to the diagnoses. The frequency of positive reactions in patients is investigated in particular in the area of higher molecular weights, as compared with the control group of healthy fertile women.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Vestibular findings in divers].

The author investigated 21 professional divers who had worked in overpressure conditions for many years. Main abnormalities were found in the vestibular system, especially in the caloric and optokinetic tests; the changes appeared in 61.9% of the sample. Asymmetry and dysrhythmia of evoked nystagmic responses were ascertained in these cases. The results of the auditory and tympanometry tests were normal in most examined persons. The acoustic reflex threshold increased in 38.1%. The lower ventilatory function of the eustachian tube was found only in one case but the audiometrical test was normal. From the ethiopathogenetic point of view the frequent and intense changes of pressure, temperature and posture may cause vegetative dysregulation with the following vascular deviations in the peripheral and central vestibular apparatus and in the brain stem. The adaptive mechanisms also modify the nystagmic reactions: thus they participate in the vestibular abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Calculation of percentage of hearing loss in speech audiometry].

In a previous paper the authors explained, based on statistical analysis, the use of mixed Czech verbal audiometry for the percentage evaluation of auditory losses. In the present work the above problems are discussed and an actual example of calculation of auditory losses is given. Based on statistical processing of more than 200 sound and verbal audiograms a table was prepared where the number is inserted corresponding to the sum of 50% and 100% comprehensibility of a mixed verbal set in dB. A reading of the percentage hearing loss is then taken. In case of discrimination loss in verbal audiometry its value is added to the sum of 50% and maximum attained comprehensibility. If the thus calculated percentage hearing loss in verbal audiometry differs from the hearing loss assessed according to Fowler and Sabine in sound audiometry, in the final evaluation the mean of the two percentage values is used.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment with autovaccines and the immunologic profile of patients].

In a group of 33 patients with chronic inflammations of the upper airways and deglutition pathways the effect of treatment with autovaccines in the form of nasal drops was investigated. In 77.7% a therapeutic success was recorded still after an interval of 1-3 years following termination of treatment. In the entire group parameters of humoral and cellular immunity were tested. In none of the patients severe forms of immunodeficiency were found. In 16 patients an immunological check-up was made after termination of autovaccine treatment. Although differences were revealed in the immunological picture, none of them attained the level of statistical significance. The action of autovaccines could be explained by the non-specific action of bacterins. Common immunological examinations methods are so far unable to define all cooperative relations between different immunocompetent cells and systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Correlation of speech audiometry with the Fowler and Sabin method of hearing loss evaluation].

Evaluation of hearing losses for the purpose of granting pensions, for forensic purposes or for claims of damages is very important and it should not be based on a single examination method i.e., sound audiometry, which does not evaluate the entire auditory analyzer and does not fully appreciate the social usability of hearing. Statistical analysis and mutual correlations between monosyllabic audiometry, mixed and 3-4 syllabic audiometry and sound audiometry revealed that evaluation of hearing losses according to Fowler and Sabine correlates least with mixed verbal audiometry, although mixed verbal set-ups are typical for the Czech language as regards the structure and frequency of words. The authors recommended therefore the use of mixed verbal audiometry for the percentage evaluation of hearing losses. The actual proposal with a table of calculated hearing losses will be in a subsequent communication.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of relaxation, the quality and strength of signals on the latency of brain stem evoked response audiometry].

The paper deals with one of the pitfalls in examinations of acoustic evoked potentials - the problem of complete relaxation of the patient. The possibility of adequate gain of signals and the optimal record of latency is closely associated with this question. Sixty-two results of BERA examinations revealed that in 22 instances the findings of the latency of the V wave were beyond the wider range. There was, however, no marked interaural asymmetry suggesting a retrocochlear lesion. It may be concluded that protraction of the latency was associated with a low grade of relaxation. This is apparent from repeated examinations where a greater motor inhibition was achieved. To attain complete rest it is advisable to administer as premedication a psychopharmaceutical preparation and the neuroleptic preparation Haloperidol in adequate doses.

Adult↗