Biomedical subjects

Z Ostrowska

Publications and source records attributed to Z Ostrowska.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

Circadian variations of androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and free testosterone in obese women with menstrual disturbances.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the 24 h profile of androgenemia related to the androgens of both the ovarian and adrenal origin in obese women with menstrual disturbances. METHODS: The association of body mass and body fat distribution with circadian variations of selected androgens of ovarian and adrenal origin was examined in 16 obese women with menstrual disturbances (BMI between 38 and 51 kg/m2; WHR between 0.80 and 0.99) and in 16 healthy volunteers with normal body weight (BMI between 21 and 24.6 kg/m2; WHR between 0.73 and 0.76). The age range of all subjects was 29 to 40 (mean: 36.9+/-3.2 years). RESULTS: lts. Both the patients and control subjects showed a significant 24 h rhythm of androstenedione (A) and free testosterone (FT), while the circadian oscillations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) did not differ significantly. In all obese women mean 24 h A, DHEAS and FT levels were significantly higher than those in controls. Moreover, the disturbances of DHEAS and FT secretion in the form of acrophase shift (for DHEAS from 7.37 to 3.45 h and for FT from 6.04 to 3.31 h) and the elevation of their 24 h amplitude values were observed. All obese women showed higher values of FT/A and FT/DHEAS indexes in selected clock time of day/night cycle (except those at 8.00 h for FT/A and at 5.00 h for FT/DHEAS) when compared to control group. A positive correlation was noted in all women studied between the values of BMI index, WHR ratio and mean 24 h level of androgens studied as well as FT/A and FT/ DHEAS indexes. A weaker correlation was found between body mass and body fat distribution on the one hand and fasting level of hormones studied on the other. Higher correlation between the values of WHR ratio and mean 24 h FT levels as well as FT/DHEAS indexes were obtained in obese women when compared to those of healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, when assessing the androgen disturbances in obese patients, it is more useful to determine their circadian pattern than the basal level. The most reliable indicators of hyperandrogenism in obese women are: the 24 h concentration profile of FT and the value of FT/DHEAS index, not only during fasting but also after a meal at various time intervals. Circadian FT concentration and FT/DHEAS index values are essential indicators for visceral distribution of adipose tissue.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1998

Assessment of bone metabolism in obese women.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bone metabolism in obese women by the estimation of selected markers of bone formation. METHODS: The concentration of plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) and selected markers of bone formation [osteocalcin (BGP) in plasma, carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in blood serum] and bone resorption [cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in blood serum and urinary excretion of calcium (Ca)] in 18 extremely obese women (BMI>40 kg/m2) with android phenotype (WHR>0.8) and in 20 healthy women with normal body weight. The age range of all subjects was 25 to 42 years (mean: 36.82 + 3.95). RESULTS: All obese women showed significantly increased concentration of plasma PTH, BGP and serum PICP, ICTP and elevated urinary excretion of Ca. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results show that in extremely obese women with android phenotype bone metabolism disturbances may occur pointing at increased bone formation and resorption.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1998

[Concentration of copper and ceruloplasmin in serum of patients treated for epilepsy].

In 54 epileptic patients (28 females and 26 males) aged 21-48, serum copper (Cu) and ceruloplasmin (Crl) concentrations were assessed. Comparing with control group mean serum Cu and Crl concentrations were significantly increased. We suspect that antiepileptic drugs may influence the serum Cu and Crl concentrations by hepatic enzymes induction. Clinical picture of epilepsy and treatment duration does not influence serum Cu and Crl concentrations.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Liver and endocrine system. Part I: pituitary-thyroid axis activity disorders].

Recent studies have demonstrated that more and more young people suffer from liver diseases. There is a close relationship between endocrine system and the liver, where the hormone inactivation and synthesis of protein binding hormones takes place. Impairment of hepatocyte function may lead to disturbed homeostasis of the endocrine system. In part I current opinions on thyreometabolic state as well as plasma levels of pituitary-thyroidal axis hormones and their binding proteins in chronic hepatic disorders are presented.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1998

[Liver and endocrine system. Part II: pituitary-gonadal axis and adrenal gland activity disturbances].

Up to date studies have demonstrated that more and more young people are affected by liver diseases. There is a close relationship between the liver and endocrine system as far as hormone inactivation and synthesis of protein binding hormones in the liver are related. Impairment of the hepatocyte function may lead to disturbed homeostasis of the endocrine system. In part II current opinions on plasma levels of pituitary--gonadal and--adrenal axis hormones and their binding proteins in chronic hepatic disorders are presented.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

ASSESSMENT OF BETA-ENDORPHIN AND MELATONIN CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS IN NORMOTENSIVE OBESE WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE.

We have evaluated the relationship between beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and melatonin (MEL) secretion as determined at 3 h intervals over a 24 h period in 27 normotensive obese women of different phenotypes (12 showing gynoid-type and 15 showing android-type of adipose tissue distribution) as well as in 12 healthy volunteers with normal body weight, aged 30 to 40 years. A considerable increase of mean 24 h beta-EP secretion (mainly due to elevated afternoon and evening levels) and total absence of beta-EP circadian rhythm were observed in all obese patients. Mean 24 h MEL concentrations were markedly higher (mainly due to increased daytime levels) in all obese patients while the disturbances of MEL secretion in the form of acrophase shift and (or) suppression of its rhythmicity were observed especially in obese women with android phenotype. Circadian beta-EP levels correlated positively with BMI and WHR values and negatively with circadian MEL concentrations. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between the values of BMI, WHR and MEL levels. Our data indicate that alterations of beta-EP secretion occurring in obese women could play a role in inducing disturbances of MEL secretory pattern.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

Diurnal rhythm of serum melatonin, ACTH and cortisol in asthma patients with long term glucocorticoid treatment.

Forty one patients (21 women and 20 men aged 35 to 45 years), with bronchial asthma were divided into two groups: those treated with glucocorticoids (with an equivalent daily dose of 8 mg prednisone) and those receiving no glucocorticoid preparations. The control group consisted of 27 healthy volunteers. The diurnal rhythm of serum melatonin, ACTH and cortisol was evaluated in all subjects. It was found that the dysfunction and reduced reactivity of the pituitary-adrenal axis in asthmatics receiving chronic glucocorticotherapy was accompanied by suppressed melatonin rhythm.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

Assessment of the relationship between collagen metabolism and selected hormonal factors in extremely obese women before and after jejunoileostomy.

The majority of obese persons have hyperinsulinemia and disturbances in the secretion of melatonin, catecholamines and pituitary, thyroid, adrenal and gonadal hormones. These hormones play an important role in the regulation of collagen metabolism either by acting directly or by influencing IGF-I production. This study aimed at ascertaining whether, and to what degree, the changes in the concentration of hormones listed above as well as in the concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) affect the metabolism of collagen as evaluated indirectly from the measurement of propeptides of type I (PICP) and type III procollagen (PIIINP) in blood serum and hydroxyproline in urine. The study compared 30 women with extreme obesity before and three to five years after jejunoileostomy with 20 healthy women of reproductive age. All non-operated obese women showed significantly increased concentration of serum insulin, IGF-I, melatonin, norepinephrine, free triiodothyronine, estradiol, total and free testosterone, PICP, PIIINP and urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, while the levels of epinephrine, progesterone and SHBG were significantly decreased. Changes in the level of the examined markers of collagen metabolism correlated positively with the concentration of insulin, IGF-I and sex hormones, while the correlation with epinephrine, cortisol and thyroid hormones was negative. All women who were treated previously by jejunoileostomy showed a decreased of body mass to regular values, normalization of hormonal disturbances and normal collagen metabolism. The obtained results show that the increased collagen metabolism observed in extremely obese women is caused indirectly by altered endocrine activity.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

[Glucocorticosteroids in bronchial asthma. I. Mechanism of action and use in therapy].

Inflammation plays the main role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Glucocorticosteroids (GS), as the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used in asthma treatment. So far the mechanism of action, both molecular and on the level of tissues and organs has not been entirely explained. In this work molecular mechanism of glucocorticosteroids action is discussed especially in aspect of therapy. The influence of GS on adrenocortical function is also presented.

Asthma↗

PubMed1997

[Glucocorticosteroids in bronchial asthma. II. Use of cortisol markers in various biological materials for evaluation of adrenocortical function].

Glucocorticosteroids (GS) being widely used in asthma treatment are sometimes applied in high doses and for long period. This treatment is often connected with adrenocortical suppression. Adrenocortical function assessment in GS treated patients with different doses and forms of drug is of great diagnostic and prognostic importance. In the presented work the methods of adrenocortical function assessment are discussed, especially serum cortisol level and non-invasive: saliva and urine cortisol assays.

Adrenal Cortex Diseases↗

PubMed1996

Circadian variations of norepinephrine and melatonin in extremely obese men and women.

The relationship between 24-h variations of norepinephrine (NE), melatonin (MEL) and the values of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR) was evaluated. The circadian rhythm of NE and MEL was examined in 26 extremely obese patients (14 men and 12 women) and 24 healthy volunteers (13 men and 11 women) with normal body weight. In extremely obese men and women it showed following similar characteristics. In 9/14 obese men (64.3 %) and 8/12 obese women (66.7 %) mean 24 h NE levels were significantly higher than those in controls, while only moderate elevation of mean 24 h NE values was found in the remaining patients. Mean 24 h MEL concentrations were markedly higher in all obese patients studied. Moreover, the disturbances of MEL secretion in the form of acrophase shift and the suppression of its 24-h rhythmicity were observed in-patients with markedly higher NE levels. Mean 24-h NE concentrations correlated positively with mesor values of MEL and also with body mass and fat distribution as measured by BMI and WHR, respectively. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between the values of BMI index, WHR ratio and MEL.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Association of body mass and body fat distribution with serum melatonin levels in obese women either non-operated or after jejunoileostomy.

The association of body mass index (BMI) and body fat distribution (as measured by waist-to-hip circumference ratio; WHR) with serum melatonin (MEL) levels determined at 02 and 14 h were examined in 22 non-operated obese women and 21 obese women who underwent jejunoileostomy for morbid obesity 2 to 6 years earlier as well as in 20 gender and age-matched healthy controls with normal body weight. All non-operated obese women either with moderate or morbid obesity had significantly higher MEL concentration at 14 h compared with controls, whereas the amount of MEL secreted at 02 h was elevated only in morbidly obese women. The mean differences between serum MEL levels at 14 h and 02 h (delta MEL) was reduced in morbidly obese women - it may be due to desynchronisation of its circadian rhythmicity. Among women who underwent jejunoileostomy for morbid obesity the values of MEL were normalized only in those with a noted body mass reduction and with BMI and WHR indexes less than 28 kg/m² and 0.83, respectively. MEL correlated positively with BMI and WHR indexes at 14 h in all subjects studied. Negative correlation was noted between the relative values of delta MEL and BMI in both non-operated and operated obese women with BMI indexes >31 kg/m².

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Assessment of relationship between secretion of melatonin, activity of thyroid, adrenal cortex as well as testes and chosen markers of collagen metabolism in starved rats.

In starved rats the mutual interrelations were studied between the secretion of melatonin (MEL), thyroid hormones (TT[_4], FT[_4], TT[_3], FT[_3], rT[_3]), corticosterone (B), testosterone (T) and some markers of collagen metabolism: serum concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) (determined by RIA method) as well as urine concentration of hydroxyproline (OH-Pr) (determined by colorimetric method). Starved rats were found to have significantly increased serum MEL, B, and rT[_3] concentrations while serum values of TT[_4], FT[_4], TT[_3], FT[_3], T and PICP as well as urinary OH-Pr were significantly decreased. The concentrations of PICP, PIIINP and OH-Pr correlated negatively with MEL and B values, but positively with TT[_4] and FT[_4]. It was concluded that starving may change the collagen metabolism in rats indirectly via a modulating effect of changes in MEL, thyroxine and corticosterone.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Circadian oscillation of melatonin, gonadotropins, sex hormones and SHBG in post-menopausal women showing android and gynoid type obesity.

Many clinical manifestations shown by obese women point to the disturbances of secretory activity of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis (h-p-o). Because of antigonadotropic activity of melatonin (MEL) it is essential to define this hormone participation in inducing the disturbances of the h-p-o axis. We evaluated the relationship between MEL secretion and circadian concentrations of LH, FSH, E[_2], P, TT, FT, SHBG as measured at 3 h intervals, in 9 obese women showing android type of adipose tissue distribution (BMI > 30 kg/m[^2]; WHR > 0.8) and in 6 women showing gynoid type of adipose tissue distribution (BMI > 30 kg/m[^2]; WHR < 0.8). All patients were between 55 and 62 years of age. A considerable increase of circadian MEL secretion was observed in all obese patients. Suppression of MEL rhythmicity was observed in all patients, while nocturnal phase shift of MEL occurred only in women showing android type of adipose tissue distribution. Significant decrease of circadian LH, P and SHBG values which was accompanied by the elevation of E[_2], TT and FT levels was observed in women with a disturbed rhythmicity of MEL secretion (particularly in case of androidal-type obesity). Based on these results it is suggested that MEL participates in inducing h-p-o axis disturbances in obese women of post-menopausal age.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Circadian variations of salivary melatonin levels in women of reproductive and postmenopausal age with gynoid and android obesity.

Circadian variations of salivary melatonin (MEL) were examined in 81 women (48 of reproductive and 33 of postmenopausal age), 16 of them with moderate overweight, 32 showing gynoid obesity (BMI>30 kg/m[^2]; WHR<0.8) and 33 showing android obesity (BMI>30 kg/m[^2]; WHR>0.8). The circadian profiles of salivary MEL in women with moderate overweight were parallel to those of controls. However, mean 24-h salivary MEL levels tended to be higher in all obese patients as compared with controls (mainly due to increase of its daytime levels). In addition, the suppression of MEL rhythmicity was observed in all subjects studied irrespectively of gynoid or android obesity, while nocturnal MEL peak shift was observed predominantly in the case of extreme obesity with android distribution of adipose tissue. Despite of increasing tendencies mean 24 h MEL concentrations and stronger suppression of circadian variations and/or nocturnal MEL peak shift in extremely obese women with android distribution of adipose tissue, no significant correlation was found between the values of BMI index, WHR ratio and circadian MEL concentrations.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Effect of long-term androgen treatment on the function of hypothalamo-hypophysial and -adrenal axes in transsexual agonadal women.

The study was aimed at assessing the influence of prolonged (18-24 months) androgen treatment of 11 agonadal transsexual women on basal concentrations of LH, FSH, testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and SHBG, on the hypothalamic-hypophysial (GH, PRL, ACTH) and hypothalamic-adrenal (cortisol) response in insulin test and TSH and PRL response after TRH administration. Fifteen healthy women in follicular phase of menstrual cycle and 15 men served as controls. In TS women basal concentrations of E2 were comparable with those in healthy women in follicular phase and the lowered T value showed negative correlation with SHBG. In most TS women the stimulated secretion of GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol in insulin test was diminished. Basal values of these hormones oscillated within normal range except ACTH levels which were higher as compared with control values. In most cases the PRL response to TRH was diminished, but in three patients excessive secretion of PRL was found. Long-term priming with androgen was found to produce a dramatic change in the patterns of hormonal response to post-insulin hypoglycaemia and TRH in female-to-male transsexuals. It was concluded that in prolonged treatment of agonadal transsexual women the doses of testosterone preparations should be adjusted to individual patients in order to monitor steroid and gonadotropin hormone values, as well as the response of pituitary hormones, particularly that of PRL, to stimuli.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Assessment of relationship between hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction and peripheral endocrine function in normotensive and hypertensive obese men.

The relationship between hypothalamo-pituitary function and various hormonal factors (insulin, cortisol, thyroid hormones, sex steroid hormones, SHBG, IGF-I) was investigated in 34 obese men (16 normotensive and 18 hypertensive) and 15 healthy male volunteers aged 35 to 50 years. Hyperinsulinaemia in obese men was associated with altered hypothalamo-pituitary function as indicated by impaired GH, PRL and cortisol secretion in response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia. On the other hand, hyperinsulinaemia and disorders in GH, PRL and cortisol release were associated with lower levels of reverse triiodothyronine, gonadotropins, testosterone, 17-corticoids and SHBG and higher levels of triiodothyronine, estradiol, 17-hydroxycorticoids and IGF-I. Various disorders of hypothalamo-pituitary axis and adrenal, thyroid and testicular function occur more frequently in hypertensive obese men with android distribution of adipose tissue.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1996

Serum, salivary and urinary cortisol level in the evaluation of adrenocortical function in-patients with bronchial asthma.

56 patients with bronchial asthma (32 women and 24 men) and 31 healthy volunteers (19 women and 12 men) were investigated. The evaluation of the usefulness of salivary and urinary cortisol levels and urinary cortisol metabolites in 24-hr urine was conducted using the correlation coefficient between the cortisol level in the salivary or urine and that in blood serum. Very high correlation was found between the serum and salivary cortisol level (r=0.817). The correlation coefficient between the serum and urinary cortisol level in basal conditions was 0.759, while that between the saliva and urinary level was 0.723. A moderate degree of correlation (r=0.381) was demonstrated between serum cortisol level and 17-OHCS in urine. From these results it was concluded that salivary and urinary free cortisol level estimations may be a useful and non-invasive screening method of evaluating the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in asthma patients.

Journal Article↗