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Z Pospísil

Publications and source records attributed to Z Pospísil.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) of trout using immunofluorescence].

Until recently, demonstration of infectious pancreatic necrosis was conditioned by the isolation of virus. By means of the immunofluorescence method it is possible to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis, as well as to determine the development of infection. In acute cases, the virus in fry was demonstrated mainly in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of guts; in Pd1-2 trout, the virus was proved in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of primary kidney tubules and in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of pancreatic acini. In all cases the virus occurrence demonstrated by immunofluorescence was in correlation with the results achieved by cultivation methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Isolation and identification of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in trout].

The first isolation and identification of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in trout in Czechoslovakia is described. The RTG-2, PG and CHSE cell lines were used for isolation and the identification was made by the methods of electron microscopy, cross virus-neutralizing test, and immunofluorescence. As demonstrated, all the isolates in the Czechoslovak territory are serologically identical and are closely related (or perhaps congruent) with the Sp reference strain which has the highest frequency in Europe. The described methodical procedure is also applicable to the diagnostics of other virus diseases of fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Immunoenzyme (ELISA) diagnosis of spring viremia in carp].

The enzymoimmunologic (ELISA) method was used to diagnose spring viremia in carp. The specific antibodies to Rhabdovirus carpio in the fish sera were detected by this method. Reaction specificity was tested by the use of viral and control antigens, by examination of positive and negative sera and by serum-free control incubation. Applying the ELISA method, the antiviral antibodies can be detected after infection or vaccination: this method is therefore suitable for thorough studies and when choosing the appropriate treatments and preventive measures.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[The complex etiology of epidemic diseases in calves on large-capacity farms and their clinical and epizootic characteristics].

It is not easy to exactly diagnose the etiology of the mass infections of new-born calves on large farms where considerable losses are suffered. On the basis of the complex epizootological, clinical and laboratory examination in four large calf-rearing facilities, rotaviruses, coronaviruses, the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus and the bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus, and in some cases also the enteropathogenic E. coli, were found to be etiologically involved in the mass rise of diarrhoea, complicated by respiratory symptoms already during the first days after birth. The clinical picture of the disease, therapeutically difficult and reminding of "pneumoenteritis", has often been observed in stocks where, in addition to rotaviruses and coronaviruses in the faeces, the IBR or BVD viruses (sometimes both at the same time) were detected and identified in the respiratory and enteral tract. The serological examination of a higher number of animals in the stocks of calves under study confirmed the considerable rate of spreading of all the four viruses in the cattle population and, at the same time, demonstrated the very unfavourable immunological profile of the herds. The high percentage of animals low in antibody titres and the serologically negative animals constitute the infection-sensitive part of population in the affected herds. With the high culling rate and with the open herd turnover it is impossible to reach the required immunity through natural disinfection. Loss-free rearing of healthy calves will be achieved on the basis of a well-oriented vaccination programme with a good combination of inoculants.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Postvaccination viremia in breeding flocks of layers and broilers after vaccination against Marek's disease of fowl].

The immunity state after vaccination against Marek's disease (MD) was studied in three multiplier flocks of laying fowl (MFL), five multiplier flocks of broiler fowl (MFB), and one commercial layer flock (CLF). The occurrence and average titres of post-vaccination viraemia in the selected sets of chickens from these flocks, examined at the age of three or twenty weeks, were used as the immunity criterion. The development of post-vaccination viraemia, following the administration of the MARVAK vaccine at the doses of 100 and 1000 PFU per bird in the HX-SL and Shaver layer hybrids, was examined under laboratory conditions at the same time. In the group of birds examined in the third week of age and coming from the MFL vaccinated with the recommended MARVAK vaccine (dose (100 PFU per bird), 64.3% of the chicks were viraemic, the average viraemia titre being 12 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. After the administration of a four-fold vaccine dose, 57.1% of the chicks were viraemic, the average titre being 3.2 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. After the administration of a ten-fold dose of MARVAK vaccine, 80% of the chicks were viraemic and the average titre of viraemia was 8 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. In the MFB vaccinated with the recommended dose of the MARVAK vaccine, the percentage of viraemic chickens was 48.3% and the average titre of viraemia was 6.5 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. In the pullets examined at the age of 20 weeks the number of viraemic birds ranged from 20 to 50% and the average viraemia titres were from 3.8 to 13.1 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. In the flock affected by acute MD, no post-vaccination viraemia was found in the clinically diseases pullets. In the chickens of the HX-SL line vaccinated with the recommended MARVAK vaccine dose, viraemia culminated in the third week after vaccination (31.5 PFU/10(7) leucocytes), and after the use of the dose ten times as high as the recommended one the culmination came a week later (47 PFU/10(7) leucocytes). In the Shaver chicks vaccinated with the recommended dose or with the ten-fold dose of the MARVAK vaccine, the post-vaccination viraemia culminated in the fourth week after vaccination (94.9 and 116.8 PFU/10(7) leucocytes). The post-vaccination precipitation antibodies were first detected in the eighth week after vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Protecting chickens against Marek's disease under laboratory conditions by the administration of Marvak, a Czechoslovak produced vaccine and vaccine imported from East Germany].

Laboratory trials were conducted to compare the efficiency of two vaccines against Marek's disease (MD) on the basis of the dynamics of post-vaccination viraemia and by means of a challenge test. Two groups of the HX-SL hybrid layers, each containing 40 birds, were vaccinated with the MARVAK cellular vaccine manufactured in Czechoslovakia (100 PFU per chick) or with the Insel Riems vaccine manufactured in the GDR (1000 PFU per chick). In weekly intervals, half the birds of each group were tested for post-vaccination viraemia and the other half, including 20 non-vaccinated birds, were infected by contact with the pathogenic virus of MD from the second day of age. The viraemia in the birds vaccinated with MARVAK culminated in the third week of age when it reached the average value of 25 PFU/10(7) leucocytes; later on, by the eighth week of age, it decreased to 0.62 PFU/10(7) leucocytes. The maximum number of viraemic chicks was found in the third and fourth week of age (80%); on an average it ranged from 60%. The average viraemia in the chickens treated with the vaccine from the GDR ranged from 1.6 to 3.6 PFU/10(7) leucocytes in the second to eighth week of age. A 100% positivity of the tested birds was found in the sixth week of age; it ranged around 70% on an average. In all the challenged groups of birds the precipitation antigen of Marek's disease was detected in feather follicles already 14 weeks from contact infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The present epizootological situation in intensively bred cattle in relation to the morbidity and mortality of calves during their rearing].

The rise and mass incidence of intestinal and respiratory infections in calves kept in large herds depend on a joint influence of infective agents and numerous endogenous and exogenous factors, mostly with non-specific action. Therefore, purely medical approach fails to provide efficient prevention. Detailed epizootological analysis is needed for taking actual measures; the analysis should concern potential respiratory and intestinal pathogens and should also cover the persistent infections such as IBR, BVD-MD and others. The immunological profile of herd, very unfavorable with the high culling rate, will improve as a result of the introduction of a purpose-oriented vaccination programme, higher level of colostral nutrition, and separate rearing of calves, isolated from the dams, in calf houses managed by the all-in-all-out system.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1981

[Detection of PI-3 viruses, BVD-MD viruses and parvoviruses in bovine fetuses after experimental intrauterine infections].

Growing organ cultures prepared from foetuses experimentally infected in utero by the viruses PI-3 and BVD-MD or bovine parvovirus proved to be suitable in tests with the re-isolation of these viruses 7, 14, 21, 35, 42 and 70 days after infection. The attempts at demonstrating them by the traditional method of the inoculation of the primary cell culture of foetal kidneys were successful only at the re-isolation of the PI-3 virus seven days after infection. The PI-3 virus without cytopathic effect was demonstrated in the primary cell culture prepared from the spleen, lungs, kidneys and testes of foetuses delivered seven days from infection. The cytopathic effect manifested itself after cell transplantation in the first passage when further multiplication of the virus occurred.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Multiplication of the IBR, PI-3 and BVD-MD viruses in cell and organ cultures of bovine fetuses after experimental intrauterine infections].

The intrauterine infection of four- to nine-month-old bovine foetuses with the PI-3, BVD-MD viruses, performed 7 to 72 days prior to their delivery, did not exert any significant influence upon the susceptibility of primary cell cultures from foetal organs and tissues to further viral infection in vitro. The BVD-MD and IBR viruses multiplied in the primary cell cultures from the organs of a foetus infected with the PI-3 virus seven days before delivery even in the presence of endogenous PI-3 virus. Persisting infection with the PI-3 virus also failed to influence the susceptibility of foetal organ cultures to infection with the IBR and PI-3 viruses in vitro. The IBR virus and endogenous PI-3 virus multiplied simultaneously to high titres in the organ cultures of thymus and lungs whereas in the organ cultures of kidneys, spleen and testes the multiplication of endogenous PI-3 virus was suppressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Mucosal disease virus as a cause of enzootic abortion in cattle in Czechoslovakia].

Bovine viral diarrhoea -- mucosal disease (BVD-MD) virus was demonstrated on some farms as the causal agent of enzootic abortions in cattle. On the whole, five non-cytopathogenic strains of the BVD-MD virus were isolated from the organs of aborted foetuses of different age and prematurely born calves. The strains were identified by the direct immunofluorescence method. The same method was also used in detecting the virus antigen in the organs and tissues of colostrum deprived prematurely born calves and also calves born at term. The involvement of the BVD-MD virus in the abortions was demonstrated indirectly by detecting virus-neutralizing antibodies in the serum of heifers and cows, in the pre-colostral sera of newly born calves, and in the body fluids of aborted foetuses. The discussion deals with the importance of the BVD-MD virus as a cause of enzootic abortions, foetal malformations and early postnatal mortality of calves.

Abortion, Septic↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of various breeding conditions on the development of respiratory syndrome in calves].

In two experimental rearing houses with new-born non-colostral calves, separated from their mothers at birth and artificially fed colostrum or colostral whey, the epizootological situation was very favourable throughout the time of observation. The respiratory syndrome occurred in both cases as a result of the long-term worsening of microclimatic conditions and failure to adhere to the principle of the all-in all-out system. The etiology of the disease was of a complex character, involving virus PI-3, IBR, and bacteria, and its arising reminded of the exacerbation of latent virus infection. The primary role of the PI-3 virus in the arising of the disease was documented by complex laboratory examination. As distinct from the large-capacity calf-house with continual operation where the PI-3 virus and the same bacteria participated in the arising of the respiratory syndrome, which was not controlled, in the experimental calf-houses it was sufficient to adjust the microclimatic conditions, to disinfect the stables, and to adhere strictly to the priniciple of the all-in all-out system. The proposed method of the rearing of "minimum-morbidity calves" appears to be promising for use in the prevention of respiratory infections in calves and its further testing in large-capacity calf-houses is considered as desirable.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1975

Biological characteristics of cell lines derived from the respiratory tract of a bovine foetus.

Bovine foetal cell lines were derived from foetal bovine lung, foetal bovine nose and foetal bovine trachea and kept in serial cultivation for 2 years. During their development they showed marked changes in morphological and growth characteristics of the cells accompanied by changes in the karyotype. The FBL line consisting of fibroblasts as well as the epithelial to epitheloid cultures of FBN and FBT have shown a good capacity to grow in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Evaluation of adverse effects of the wood-impregnation substance Pentor 70].

A hundred and ten days direct contact of pigs with wooden grates impregnated with Pentor 70 did not result in the arising of any obvious changes or reactions in the skin or in the lowering of efficiency. A per os intake of feed mixture with a content of 3 p. c. of sawdust impregnated with Pentor 70 resulted in the lowering of efficiency and in the arising of pathological changes in the digestive tract and in the livers. In experiments performed with rats, the contact with the impregnated sawdust and also the combination of the contact and per os acceptance resulted in changes in the respiratory organs of rats and in young rats in mortality. A limiting factor regarding the use of Pentor 70 in premises intended for pigs is the danger of gnawing impregnated wooden objects.

Animals↗