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Biomedical subjects

Z Shah

Publications and source records attributed to Z Shah.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Hyperlucent thorax from rotation. Anatomic basis.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors studied a large group of patients with a computed tomography (CT)-based model to evaluate the presence, significance, and anatomic basis of unilateral hyperlucency from patient rotation. METHODS: Chest CT sections at three levels in 65 consecutive patients undergoing routine diagnostic studies were read into a microcomputer. Radiographic transmittance data were calculated across each CT section at different degrees of rotation as well as for lateral decentering. Data were analyzed for the pattern of density variation both individually as well as in stratified subgroups. RESULTS: The data showed a trend of increasing radiographic transmission on the side opposite that of the anterior obliquity. The resulting optical density difference was small and was not clinically significant. Lateral decentering produced smaller changes than rotation. The anterior breast/pectoral structures are the etiology for the phenomenon. Optical density differences of 0.1 result from a difference in tissue thickness of 4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The changes in radiographic transmission with rotation are small and are overshadowed by soft tissue compression. Rotation alone will result in decreased radiographic transmission on the side of anterior obliquity; thus, the left side will be more lucent in an right anterior oblique projection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Value of increasing film processing time to reduce radiation dose during mammography.

We systematically tested the effects on radiation dose and image quality of increasing the mammographic film processing time from the standard 90 sec to 3 min. Hurter and Driffield curves were obtained for a Kodak Min-R-OM1-SO177 screen-film combination processed with Kodak chemistry. Image contrast and radiation dose were measured for two tissue-equivalent breast phantoms. We also compared sequential pairs of mammograms, one processed at 90 sec and one at 3 min, from 44 patients on the basis of nine categories of image quality. Increased processing time reduced breast radiation dose by 30%, increased contrast by 11%, and produced slight overall gains in image quality. Simple modifications can convert a 90-sec processor to a 3-min unit. We recommend that implementation of extended processing be considered, especially by those centers that obtain a large number of screening mammograms. Three-minute film processing can reduce breast radiation dose by 30% and increase contrast by 11% without compromising image quality.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Bilateral multiple ureteral diverticula diagnosed after ileal loop procedure: report of a case and review of the literature.

We report a case of multiple diverticula of the ureter. The clinical and radiological findings of the previously reported 41 cases, including our own, are analyzed, and the microscopic findings of the condition are reviewed. Multiple diverticula of the ureter or ureteral diverticulosis is most likely an acquired condition with a distinct radiological appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Does infection play a role in breast capsular contracture?

The formation of capsular contracture around silicone implants continues to be the most common complication of augmentation mammaplasty. To date, the etiologic factors in the formation of capsular contractures have remained inconclusive. In the present study, the role of subclinical infection with S. epidermidis as a cause of capsular contracture was evaluated in 16 rabbits using miniature silicone implants. All the implants on the side contaminated with varying concentrations of S. epidermidis developed breast capsular contractures. Using Baker's classification, they were graded III or IV, while the controls were all considered to be either grade I or II. Grossly, the capsules on the contaminated side were firm, fibrous, and 2 to 3 times thicker than the controls, and this was confirmed histologically using micrometry. Implants contaminated with 10(7) bacteria uniformly extruded. The present study seems to indicate that subclinical infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis may be one of the causes of capsular contracture around breast implants.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Youth homicide.

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Adolescent↗