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Biomedical subjects

Z Tóth

Publications and source records attributed to Z Tóth.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Physical measurement of the dorsal kyphosis in 14-17-year old patients with Scheuermann's disease and in matched healthy controls].

The modified use of the Debrunner-kyphometer (a special protractor to measure the dorsal kyphosis by an objective physical method) is presented. After proving the validity and reproducibility of the measuring method, the dorsal kyphosis of patients with Scheuermann's disease and of matched healthy controls was measured. The aim of the measurements was to assess the physiologic values of kyphosis and to investigate into the distribution of Scheuermann-patients regarding the grade of their dorsal sagittal curvature. In contrast with the everyday routine (subjective judgement of the sagittal curvatures or measuring on X-ray films), this method offers the advantage of an objective assessment without using X-rays. The presented simple method is recommended for screening school-children and for monitoring patients with Scheuermann's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Oxytocin nerve fibers innervate beta-endorphin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the rat hypothalamus.

Fine, varicose oxytocin-containing nerve fibers have been demonstrated in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in rats. Using Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin as an anterograde tracer, fine neuronal fibers of paraventricular nucleus origin could be seen throughout the arcuate nucleus. Using double immunostaining, oxytocin-immunoreactive varicose fibers were observed around or in the close vicinity of beta-endorphin-immunoreactive neurons. Silver-gold-labeled oxytocin-immunoreactive presynaptic boutons were shown to make synaptic contacts with diaminobenzidine-labeled beta-endorphin-immunoreactive neurons by electron microscopy. These findings provide morphological evidence for a possible influence of oxytocin on the activity of the brain beta-endorphin system at the hypothalamic level.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Selective termination of the development of the defective fetus in discordant twin pregnancies].

Selective termination of the affected fetus in twin pregnancies was performed in the second trimester of seven pregnancies. The malformations included anencephaly/exencephaly (2 cases), hydrocephalus (1 case), thoracoabdominopagus of "B" and "C" cotwins (1 case), urethral obstruction sequence (1 case) and hygroma colli (2 cases). Intrauterine intervention on the affected fetus was done by transabdominal intracardial injection of 20% NaCl solution in the 15--24 weeks of gestation. All cases had dichorionic placentation. Unaffected co-twin infants were delivered at term with normal weight in 4 cases. In 2 cases the affected fetus was found in the lower gestational sac and both pregnancies, as well as the triplet pregnancy were lost 1--6 weeks and 3 weeks after the intervention, respectively. In the other cases, neither the mother, nor the survived fetus showed any complications. We believe that using hypertonic saline is lethal for the affected fetus but carries little or no risk either the other fetus or the mother, even if small amounts of the solution might inadvertently enter their circulation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1991

[Experience with chorionic villi sampling].

The authors discuss their experiences from 412 chorion villus samplings, (CVS), which they have done under four and a half years since 1985. They used eight types of instruments in performing their examinations and each instrument proved to be satisfactory in the gaining of chorion villus samples, suitable for further tests. They also discuss the bacteria found most frequently in the vagina on the basis of the examination and culturing of both vaginal and cervical fluid done prior to 151 CVS examinations and the effective method with which ascending infection can be prevented. They discuss a distributional pattern of their results based on the different indications for the CVS examinations, and the outcome of each of the pregnancies after CVS. In 377 cases they did direct karyotyping, in 30 cases DNA examination and in five cases enzyme determination also occurred.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

[Oligohydramnios in mid-term pregnancy: analysis of 182 cases].

The outcome and pathological background of 182 pregnancies with mid-trimester oligohydramnios are discussed. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentration in the 16th week of gestation was also determined in 119 cases. MSAFP in pregnancies with oligohydramnios associated urinary tract malformations was found to be mostly in the normal range, but it is often elevated in the cases without malformation. In addition, normal AFP was found in most cases, where the newborns survived the perinatal period. It can be concluded, that the elevated maternal serum AFP without ultrasonically detectable malformation refers to the extrafetal origin of the oligohydramnios, and it is recommended to take it into consideration in the genetic counselling practice.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Unusually late onset of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after head trauma.

Two cases of acute meningitis and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, in which the head trauma responsible occurred 10 and 30 years before, are presented. Intraoperatively, the brain parenchyma was found to be plugged into the fractured anterior fossa. By debridement and duraplasty from an intradural approach, both patients were cured. Several precipitating factors could be responsible for this unusually late reopening of the fistula. The possible accidental causes could be coughing or undetected microtraumas, but in the long run, atrophy of tissues and consequent changes in brain compliance with aging may play a role.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Familial occurrence of bilateral renal agenesis.

The 58 cases of bilateral renal agenesis (Potter syndrome) registered in the Genetic Counselling unit of our institute in the last 12 years are reviewed. The only familial recurrent case which has been prenatally diagnosed is described in detail. A urinary bladder anomaly like that of the subsequent third child has not been previously reported. The authors analyze the possible inheritance patterns. They suggest the malformation is a genetically heterogeneous entity. They emphasize that nowadays the birth of a newborn with bilateral renal agenesis can be prevented in all cases.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1990

[In utero creation of a reno-amniotic shunt for the preservation of a hydronephrotic fetal kidney].

The authors wish to discuss the successful decompression treatment of a serious, fast progressing one-sided hydronephrotic fetal kidney (that also caused deformation of abdominal and thoracic organs) in a 29th week pregnancy. Under the guidance of ultrasonography they created a permanent link between the amniotic cavity in the uterus and the pelvis of the kidney. As a final solution a pyelo-ureteral anastomosis operation was performed on the newborn that was delivered on the 37th gestational week. The baby is 11 months old at the moment and both of her two kidneys are functioning perfectly.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Familial occurrence of bilateral renal agenesis].

The 58 cases of bilateral renal agenesis (Potter syndrome) registered in the Genetic Counselling of our institute in the last 12 years are reviewed. The only recurrent case which has been prenatally diagnosed is described in details. An urinary bladder anomaly like that of the subsequent child has not been reported in such a family previously. The authors analyze the possible inheritance patterns taking into account the previous references, too. They suggest the malformation is a genetically heterogeneous entity. They emphasize that nowadays the birth of a newborn with bilateral renal agenesis can be prevented in all cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

Computed tomography controlled aspiration surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Experience of more than 400 cases.

To overcome the disadvantages of conventional surgery, we developed our own method of computed tomography controlled stereotactic aspiration surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. A new ultrasonic surgical aspirator was also developed to facilitate aspiration of a dense clot in the acute stage. Between 1980 and 1988, 437 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage underwent aspiration surgery. Computed tomography controlled stereotactic aspiration surgery can be performed in hematomas of any site or any stage with minimal tissue damage, even in aged patients. Aspiration surgery led to a favorable clinical experience and outcome, especially in the acute stage.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasound diagnosis and screening of fetal cystic fibrosis.

By ultrasound examination of high risk pregnancies for cystic fibrosis in some cases echogenic areas and dilated bowels could be demonstrated. These signs could be detected in 75% of those cases where biochemical assay of the amniotic fluid proved the fetus to be affected with cystic fibrosis. Having got these results authors started to look for these signs during the screening of normal pregnancies. Out of 22 thousand screened pregnancies 28 amniocenteses have been performed because of the ultrasound finding and in 18 cases the low microvillar enzyme activity also predicted cystic fibrosis.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

Invasive intrauterine procedures in twin pregnancies discordant for fetal malformation.

Invasive intrauterine procedures in two twin pregnancies for exencephaly and multiple malformations are reported. In the first case, to ensure the development of the normal fetus, selective feticide of the affected fetus was undertaken by transabdominal intracardial injection of 20% NaCl solution. A healthy newborn infant with normal weight and a fetus papyraceus were delivered at term. In the second case, because of monoamnial placentation, the procedure was regarded too dangerous, therefore, only therapeutic amniocentesis was carried out to decrease the volume of amniotic fluid. The fetuses were delivered in the preterm period. The advantages of the procedure of selective feticide developed by the authors are also discussed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

A simple method for measuring lateral flexion of the dorsolumbar spine.

A simple method for measurement of spinal dorsolumbar lateral flexion is described. Measurements performed on 200 healthy 19-year-old men showed that normal lateral flexion was about 10% of body height. The method which requires only a measuring tape correlates well with that recorded by the more sophisticated inclinometer.

Body Height↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical management of uterus bilocularis (the first 40 transabdominal metroplasty procedures)].

Forty patients were diagnosed by hysterosalpingography and/or ultrasound as having septate uterus which were assumed to be responsible for their recurrent abortions (35 cases) or infertility (5 cases). All patients, who have not had children yet, had abdominal metroplasty: 27 became pregnant; of their 37 pregnancies 28 continued to term (all but two with delivery by cesarean section) and 9 aborted including 1 hydatidiform mole and 4 blighted ovum, which were due probably not to uterinal but genetic and/or andrologic causes.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Routine prenatal screening policy of fetal malformations by both maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and ultrasound in eastern Hungary.

Since January 1979, at our Genetic Counselling Unit in Debrecen all pregnancies at high risk for any reason have been screened sequentially by serum alpha-fetoprotein estimation (at the 16th week) and by ultrasound examination (18th week). This screening policy covered 1200-1500 consultations per year. From July 1983, the same prenatal screening policy has been extended to cover the whole pregnant population of two large counties in Eastern Hungary. In a six-year period over 300 fetal malformations were diagnosed. Details of the screening policy and the main groups of malformations diagnosed prenatally are demonstrated.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1989

Changes of acid solubility and fluoride content of the enamel surface in children consuming fluoridated milk.

Changes of the acid solubility and fluoride content of the surface layer of the enamel of the first incisor of seventy-nine 9 to 10-year-old children living in a closed community were measured by the method of enamel biopsy at the 6th and 12th months of the consumption of fluoridated milk. Half-year after the beginning of consumption of fluoridated milk the acid solubility decreased significantly, while one-year-long consumption led to significant increase of the fluoride content of the enamel surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal diagnosis and management of chondrodysplasias.

Thorough ultrasound examination of fetal limbs and fetal movements allows us to recognize several types of osteochondrodysplasia, both in high risk pregnancies (with a family history of chondrodysplasia) and up on routine screening. Correct diagnosis of growth retardation requires nomograms for bone length, and we have developed our own standards for the humerus, ulna, femur and tibia. Since some types of osteochondrodysplasia are compatible with life and others not, it is important to make the correct diagnosis using several differential diagnostic criteria. Only in this way can we decide the further management of a pregnancy. At our Prenatal Diagnosis Centre 8 cases of osteochondrodysplasia have been diagnosed. We discuss the differential diagnosis and the pregnancy management for some of these cases.

Adult↗