PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Z Y Huang

Publications and source records attributed to Z Y Huang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Honeybee colony integration: worker-worker interactions mediate hormonally regulated plasticity in division of labor.

Adult workers in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies exhibit plasticity in hormonally regulated, age-based division of labor by altering their pattern of behavioral development in response to changes in colony conditions. One form of this plasticity is precocious development: levels of juvenile hormone increase prematurely and bees begin foraging as much as 2 weeks earlier than average. We used two experimental paradigms inspired by developmental biology to study how bees obtain information on changing colony needs that results in precocious foraging. An analog of "cell culture," with bees reared outside of colonies in different sized groups, revealed that worker-worker interactions exert quantitative effects on endocrine and behavioral development. "Transplants" of older bees to colonies otherwise lacking foragers demonstrated that worker-worker interactions also affect behavioral development in whole colonies. These results provide insights to a long-standing problem in the biology of social insects and further highlight similarities in the integration of activity that exist between individuals in insect colonies and cells in metazoans.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Reproduction in worker honey bees is associated with low juvenile hormone titers and rates of biosynthesis.

Three experiments were performed to determine the role of juvenile hormone (JH) in worker reproduction in queenless colonies of honey bees. In Experiment 1, egg-laying workers had low hemolymph titers of JH, as did bees engaged in brood care, while foragers had significantly higher titers. Experiment 2 confirmed these findings by demonstrating that laying workers have significantly lower rates of JH biosynthesis than foragers do. In Experiment 3, ovary development was inhibited slightly by application of the JH analog methoprene to 1-day-old bees, but was not affected by application to older bees, at least some already displaying egg-laying behavior. These results, which are consistent with earlier findings for queen honey bees, are contrary to a common model of insect reproduction, in which elevated JH titers trigger ovary development, which then leads to oviposition. Previous experiments have demonstrated that JH regulates nonreproductive behavior in workers that is associated with colony division of labor; perhaps this function is incompatible with a traditional role for JH in reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Splenic embolization therapy of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura].

21 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and 3 patients with Evan's syndrome underwent partial splenic embolization (PSE). 22 patients underwent PSE once, while 2 patients were treated twice, thus a total of 26 procedures were carried out. Follow-up 3 months after embolization was available in all the 24 patients for their response to embolization therapy. 16 patients (67%) achieved complete remission (platelets greater than 100 x 10(9)/L) and 4 (17%) partial remission (platelets greater than 84 x 10(9)/L) after splenic embolization. A total efficacy rate of 83% was observed. This response to embolization after transcatheter vessel occlusion 3 months after is similar to the reported results of splenectomy. Not only may the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical splenectomy be avoided, but also the noninfarcted spleen may continue to provide immunologic functions. The most important experience in this series, however, was the emphasis on partial (60-70%) rather than total splenic arterial embolization. The sequestration site of platelets was associated with the outcome of splenic embolization. More splenic sequestration sites were found in responders, to the therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The synthesis and biological activity of substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds].

Tetrandrine possesses calcium antagonistic and hypotensive effects. It was cleaved into two compounds O-methylcoclaurine (I) and N-methylarmepavine (II) by Na/NH3. Pharmacological test indicated that I and II showed weaker calcium antagonistic activity but having alpha-adrenoceptor antagonistic effect. With I and II as lead compounds as well as integration of some structural feature of calcium antagonists and SAR of antiarrhythmic drugs, two kinds of substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives III, IV were designed and synthesized in order to search for novel cardiovascular drugs. Tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds were first synthesized by the Bischler-Napiraski cyclization with substituted phenethylamine and aromatic acetic acid or substituted cinnamic acid as starting materials. N-alkylsubstituted tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds were prepared by the reaction of 4 with alkyl halide to produce 5, then reduction of 5 by KBH4 to give III13-25. The synthesis of N-alkylaminoethyl substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds involved the reaction of 6 with chloroacetyl chloride to obtain IV1-3, the reaction of IV1-3 with secondary amine to produce 9, and then reduction of 9 with LiA1H4 to give IV16-19. Preliminary tests showed that most of these compounds exhibited varied degree of alpha-adrenoceptor antagonistic effect, and some of them possess calcium antagonistic activity. In anesthetic normal rats III15, 19 showed certain degree of hypotensive effect. IV10, 11 exhibited significant protective effect on experimental arrhythmic animals. The results of quantum chemical calculation of some compounds demonstrate that the compounds might act with alpha 1-adrenoceptor by forming charge-transfer complex.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Studies on structures of some platinum complexes with 1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate.

The crystal structures of [Pt(NH3)2CPrDCA].H2O (I), [Pt(CH3NH2)2CPrDCA] (II), and [Pt(dmbn) CPrDCA].2.5H2O (III) (where CPrDCA is 1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate; dmbn is 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butyldiamine) are determined. Compound I crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with the cell dimensions: a = 6.517(2), b = 9.709(3), c = 14.205(5) A, Z = 4, R = 0.058. Compound II is monoclinic with space group P2(1)/n, a = 9.648(3), b = 8.720(2), c = 12.770(4) A, beta = 107.12(2), Z = 4, R = 0.059. Compound III belongs to the monoclinic system space group P2(1)/m with the cell dimensions: a = 6.494(1), b = 19.638(3), c = 6.606(1)A, beta = 94.44(1), Z = 2, R = 0.038. Electronic structures of the complexes are studied and the correlation between structure of the amine ligands and biological activity of the complexes is explored.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Antimalarial action of alloxan and 5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxy-pyrimidine in Plasmodium berghei].

Three hours after iv administration of alloxan and 5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydroxy-pyrimidine to mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive (CS) and chloroquine-resistant (CR) strains of Plasmodium berghei, the 2 compounds showed remarkable antimalarial actions. Parasitemia in CS and CR infected mice were reduced by about 50%. Slight hemolysis was seen in mice treated with alloxan but not in mice treated with 5,6-diamino-2,4-dihydro-pyrimidine. Alloxan did not inhibit glutathione reductase activity and no alloxan-glutathione complex was produced. No relationship between the antimalarial effects of alloxan and hemolysis or GSH content were found. It is suggested that the antimalarial effects of the two agents may be due to the inhibition of dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1988

[Pathological findings and prognosis in 202 patients with small cell lung cancer].

This paper presents the pathological findings of small cell carcinoma of lung of 202 patients treated by surgery in our department from 1957 to 1984. Small cell lung cancer comprises 15.7% of all lung cancers. Gross type: central type was 67.3% and peripheral type was 32.7%. According to the histological classification system for lung tumor, WHO, 1981, small cell carcinoma is divided into three subtypes: (1) oat cell carcinoma (118 cases), (2) intermediate cell type (55 cases), and (3) mixed oat cell carcinoma (29 cases). Electronic microscope examination was done in 3 cases. Neurogenic secretory bodies in the cytoplasm were found in 2 oat cell carcinoma, but not in the other intermediate cell type. The 5-year survival rate of small cell carcinoma was 22.4% among whom four survived over ten years. The 5-year survival rate of oat cell carcinoma, intermediate cell type and mixed oat cell carcinoma were 19%, 34.8% and 9.1%, respectively. The intermediate cell type was the best in the 3 types. The 5-year survival rate of the peripheral type was 30.4% which was higher than that of the central type (18.9%). The 5-year survival rate was 30.8% in patients without metastasis to the lymph nodes in the hilus or mediastinum, and 18% in those with metastasis. There were no differences in the prognosis of those whether the pleura were involved or the resection stump was positive.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pathologic analysis of 302 primary bronchogenic adenocarcinomas].

Pathomorphology of 302 primary bronchogenic adenocarcinomas resected in our hospital from 1957 to 1984 was studied. It consisted of 23.5% of the total lung cancers. Gross findings are: central type 15.9%, peripheral type 82.4%, and disseminated type. 1.7%. Cancerous cavity was observed in 13.2%. According to the histologic classification of lung tumor, WHO, 1981, adenocarcinoma was divided into four subtypes: 1. acinar adenocarcinoma (132 cases); 2. papillary adenocarcinoma (73 cases); 3. bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma (74 cases) and 4. solid carcinoma with mucus formation (23 cases). Among them, there were 16.6% of scar carcinoma and 1 case associated with asbestosis. 15 cases were studied by electron microscope. The 5-year survival rate was 19.6% (peripheral type 21.7%, central type 12.5% and disseminated type 0%). There was no significant difference in the prognoses of the histologic subtypes. The patients without metastasis to the hilum, mediastinum or positive stump had better prognosis. The relationship between adenocarcinoma and bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Hyperfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma].

Two cases of parathyroid carcinoma with hyperparathyroidism, a relatively rare endocrine tumor are reported. It accounts for approximately 1-4% of all cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid crisis occurred for three times in one case. It is difficult to make an early diagnosis, frequently leading to misdiagnosis and wrong treatment. During operation iatrogenic implant or incomplete resection may occur, resulting in recurrence and repeated operations. It is important to differentiate from hypercalcemia caused by parathyroid adenoma. Neck mass, hypercalcemia usually above 14 mg%, severe decalcification and pathological fractures are characteristic. Fibrosis and inflammatory reaction of the tumor and metastases in the neck lymph nodes are commonly seen at operation. Histologically active tumor cell mitosis, capsular and vascular invasions usually exist. Local recurrences often occur after surgical treatment. If the surgeon can recognized the malignant change and give a curative resection in the initial operation, more gratifying results can be obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma (clear cell adenocarcinoma)--report of 6 cases].

6 cases of bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma proven surgically and histologically were studied. Under the microscope, it was shown that the columnar tumor cells lined the inner alveolar walls and the bronchiolar epithelium revealed malignant changes. Diagnosis of bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma was established. Under the electron microscope, in addition to its adenocarcinomatous features, tongue-like protrusions were present on the cell surface and abundant round electron-dense granules were accumulated above the nuclei. These were in accordance with the characteristics of clear cell adenocarcinoma. In 4 cases, lamella bodies were present in a few tumor cells. It suggests that the clear cell adenocarcinoma be able to synthesize round electron-dense granules and lamella bodies.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗