PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Z Y Tang

Publications and source records attributed to Z Y Tang.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Current management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

After a long, hopeless period in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the diagnosis and treatment of HCC have progressed remarkably in the past decade. In particular the discovery of asymptomatic HCC in the early 1970s opened up a new era in clinical research of HCC. With the progress in the diagnostic imaging of liver tumors, a 1 cm hepatic mass can now be detected. It is especially worth noting that a 5-year survival rate of 72.9% has been achieved after the resection of the tumor in asymptomatic HCC patients. The role of surgery in the treatment of HCC has become more important. Various modalities of medical treatment and combination therapy have been recommended and used. Despite the progress in the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC, a complete cure is very rare. Problems to be studied include new tumor markers for the early detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC, the development of more specific treatments for unresectable HCC with uncompensated cirrhosis, and an effective approach to preventing recurrence and metastasis after radical resection.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1990

Radioimmunotherapy in the multimodality treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with reference to second-look resection.

Experimental study using nude mice human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft indicated that the combination treatment with iodine 131 (131I)-anti-human HCC isoferritin (131I-isoFtAb), cisplatin, and mixed bacterial vaccine (MBV) yielded better inhibition rate as compared with double combination or 131I-isoFtAb alone. Based on these findings, 25 patients with surgically proven nonresectable and pathologically proven HCC have been treated by radioimmunotherapy using 131I-isoFtAb intrahepatic arterial infusion as a part of multimodality treatment. Of the 25 patients, seven (28.0%) received second-look resection after marked shrinkage of tumor. The 1-year survival was 52.5% (12/23) and 2-year survival 27.7% (five of 18) in the entire series. Of the five patients with 2-year survival, four were in the second-look resection group. Patients with tumor less than or equal to 8 cm showed higher second-look resection rate (62.5% versus 11.8%) and 1-year survival (85.7% versus 37.5%) as compared with tumor greater than 8 cm. Mixed bacterial vaccine as adjuvant immunotherapy seemed effective to prolong survival. The 2-year survival was higher in patients with second-look resection as compared with those without (75.0% versus 14.3%). Thus, radioimmunotherapy using 131I-isoFtAb might be one of the modalities of choice, particularly in the conversion of nonresectable to resectable HCC in a well-designed multimodality treatment regimen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Replication of hepatitis B virus in a hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus transcripts and DNA from paired samples of neoplastic and nonneoplastic liver tissue of HBsAg seropositive patients were analyzed. The data obtained support the view that transcription of integrated DNA is frequent, both in neoplastic as well as in nonneoplastic liver tissue. In the case of one patient, integrated and free forms of hepatitis B virus DNA were detected in the tumor. Complete cycles of viral replication in this tumor were suggested by the following markers: (i) DNA and RNA intermediates expected to occur during replication of the viral genome, (ii) HBcAg and HBsAg, (iii) core and Dane particles. Viral DNA cloned from tumor tissue was proven to be replication competent in a transient replication assay. Five independent clones of viral DNA were established and found to be closely related at the nucleotide level. A preX open reading frame and a stop codon within preC were common features. In tissue surrounding the tumor, a nonreplicative state of virus infection prevailed, characterized by free viral DNA exclusively of the covalently closed, circular form. The replication of the viral DNA appeared to be blocked at the level of transcription.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Multimodality treatment and two-stage resection for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma--experimental and clinical studies].

During the period 1978-1987, 255 patients with pathologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were assessed to be unresectable by laparotomy. Of them 155 had their tumors chiefly confined in the right or left lobe. Second stage resection was performed in 26 (16.8%) after marked reduction of the tumor by combination treatment with hepatic artery ligation (HAL) + hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAI) + multifractionated radiotherapy (MFD) with linear accelerator, or radioimmunotherapy using 131I-anti human HCC ferritin antibody (131I-FtAb), which yielded the highest second stage resection rate (29.8%, 14/47) as compared to HAL + HAI or HAL + cryosurgery (16.9%, 12/71), HAL or HAI (0%, 0/37) alone. The 3 year survival rate of the 26 patients with second stage resection was 74.3%, comparable with those of small HCC resection (82.7%, n = 111) and radical resection of large HCC (56.1%, n = 122) in the same period. Experimental study using nude mice bearing human HCC also showed the superiority of triple (MFD or 131I-FtAb + Cisplatin PDD + mixed bacterial vaccine MBV) versus double (MFD or 131I-FtAb + PDD, or MFD or 131I-FtAb + MBV) and double versus single treatment modality. Both experimental and clinical data indicated that immunosuppression after radiotherapy was prevented by adjuvant immunotherapy (MBV). Thus, this treatment model provides an opportunity for resection or even cure in a part of patients with unresectable HCC confined in one lobe.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgery of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Analysis of 144 cases.

A long-term follow-up study of 144 cases with surgically and pathologically proved small hepatocellular carcinoma (less than or equal to 5 cm) from 1967 to 1987 is reported. One hundred eight cases (75.0%) were detected by alpha-fetoprotein serosurvey and/or ultrasonography mainly in a high-risk population; 129 cases (89.6%) coexisted with cirrhosis. Resection was done in 132 cases (91.7%) with three (2.3%) operative deaths; cryosurgery, laser vaporization, and hepatic arterial chemotherapy were used in the rest. Limited resection was done in 67.4% of resections. Reresection of subclinical recurrence or solitary pulmonary metastasis was done in 21 cases. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 67.9% and 53.4% in the resection group but zero in the nonresection group. Survival was correlated negatively with tumor size, 5-year survival after resection was 84.6% in tumors less than or equal to 2 cm but 59.5% in tumors of 4.1 to 5 cm. The increase of resectability and reresection resulted in marked improved of 5-year survival from 43.5% in 1973 to 1977 to 63.3% in 1978 to 1982 in the entire series. No significant difference was found between survival of limited resection and lobectomy. Resection may be the modality of choice for treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas with compensated liver function. Limited resection instead of lobectomy was the key to increased resectability and decreased operative mortality in cirrhotic livers. Reresection of subclinical recurrence was important to prolong survival further.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Long-term survivors after resection for primary liver cancer. Clinical analysis of 19 patients surviving more than ten years.

From July 1958 to June 1978, a total of 333 cases with pathologically proven primary liver cancer (PLC) were admitted to the Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai, the people's Republic of China. Of these, 39.6% (132 of 333) were resected and 14.4% (19 of 132) survived over 10 years after resection for PLC. These 19 patients surviving over 10 years were investigated in this paper. All 19 patients underwent radical resection, including right hemihepatectomy in two cases, left hemihepatectomy in ten cases, left lateral segmentectomy in three cases, and local resection in four cases. By the end of June 1988, follow-up varied from 10 years and 1 month to 26 years and 7 months, with a mean follow-up of 15 years and 4 months. All 19 patients are still alive with free of disease. The longest survival patient had a tumor measuring 10 X 8 X 6 cm in size and underwent local resection. Upon follow-up after 26 years and 7 months, the patient was found to be still living and well. Two patients with intraperitoneal ruptured PLC have survived for 19 years and 4 months, and 16 years and 11 months, respectively, after resection of the tumors free of disease and have returned to work. Subclinical recurrence of PLC was discovered in one patient in whom reoperation with cryosurgery was carried out. The patient has been in good condition with negative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for 8 years and 10 months after cryosurgery. Subclinical solitary pulmonary metastasis was detected in two patients because of a secondary rise in AFP level. Reoperations were carried out and the metastatic tumors were removed. These two patients are still in good health with negative AFP 9 years and 6 months, and 10 years and 1 months, respectively, after reoperation. These results indicate that early and radical resection are the principal factors influencing long-term survival; reoperation for subclinical recurrence and solitary metastasis remains an important approach to prolong survival further; intraperitoneal rupture of PLC does not exclude the possibility of cure; new surgical techniques, such as cryosurgery and bloodless hepatectomy, have been shown to be effective in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hepatocellular carcinoma: some aspects to improve long-term survival.

Sixty-six patients surviving over 5 years after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are investigated. Of them, subclinical stage amounted to 56.1% (37/66) and moderate stage to 43.9% (29/66). There were 35 cases with small HCC (less than or equal to 5 cm). Cirrhosis was present in 81.1% (54/66). Radical resection was performed in 98.5% (65/66) and palliative resection in 1.5% (1/66). Reoperation for subclinical recurrence and solitary pulmonary metastasis was done in 14 patients, and sequential resection of huge tumors, in three patients. By the end of June 1988, follow-up varied from 60 to 319 months (mean, 115 months); 80.3% of the patients (53/66) are still alive and free of disease; 19.7% (13/66) died with disease. The majority of long-term survivors have returned to their original work; some young patients got married after resection of small HCC 10 years ago, and some can even play football again. Some aspects to improve long-term survival are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Radioimmunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using 131I-anti HCC isoferritin IgG: preliminary results of experimental and clinical studies.

Based on radioimmunoimaging for HCC using 131I-anti HCC isoferritin IgG, the experimental and clinical studies on radioimmunotherapy for HCC were reported. Thirty-six nude mice bearing human HCC were used for the study of labeled IgG, pure 131NaI and pure IgG. In the labeled IgG group, the tumor inhibition rate was significantly higher than that in other groups (81%, 60%, and 18%, respectively, p less than 0.05). The tumor cell DNA analysis showed the tumor cell was inhibited in the S stage of the cell cycle. Twenty pathologically proven unresectable HCC patient were treated by 131I-antihuman HCC isoferritin IgG 20-55mCi monthly for 1-3 times (via hepatic arterial catheter or intravenously). The short-term response was promising, a decline in AFP level and shrinkage of tumor were observed in 80% (12/15) and 65% (13/20) of patients respectively. Sequence resection was successful in five patients (5/20) after radioimmunotherapy. No marked toxic effects were noted in our limited experience, but some problems remain to be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Acquired cytomegalovirus infection of breast milk in infancy.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the rate of cytomegalovirus (CMV) shedding through breast feeding and the rate of acquired infection by the infants. Among the 104 seropositive breast-feeding mothers, CMV was recovered in the milk in 19 cases, with a milk shedding rate of 18.3%. Isolation of CMV from the urine of the infants of the 188 seropositive mothers found 36 positive cases. Of the 36 cases, 15 of 19 fed on CMV-positive milk were infected through breast-feeding, with an infection rate of 78.9%; 11 of the 85 fed on CMV-negative milk were infected, the infection rate being 12.9%; and 10 (11.9%) of 84 fed on cow's milk were infected. These demonstrate that the rate of infection in infants fed on virus-positive milk was significantly higher than those fed on virus-negative milk or cow's milk (P less than 0.005).

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of congenital CMV infection by specific CMV IgM antibody in cord serum with ELISA].

Cytomegalovirus IgM (CMV IgM) antibodies of 582 cord sera from 6 hospitals in Chengdu were detected by direct ELISA and indirect ELISA. Twenty-seven cases with CMV IgM antibody positive were detected from 582 cord sera. Twenty-five and 15 cases were found to have CMV IgM antibody by direct ELISA and indirect ELISA, respectively (P greater than 0.05). Indirect ELISA for detection CMV IgM antibody was only interfered by high concentration of CMV IgG and rheumatoid factor. Children with CMV IgM antibody positive were followed-up to 5-6 months. Hearing loss was detected by impedance audiology in only 2 cases. But the other physical and mental examinations were normal. The result showed that the prevalence of congenital CMV infection is 4.6% in our study and direct ELISA method is more specific and sensitive than indirect ELISA method to detect CMV IgM antibody in cord serum.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

Clinical evaluation of cryosurgery in the treatment of primary liver cancer. Report of 60 cases.

Cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen was employed for the treatment of 60 patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) at the Liver Cancer Research Unit, Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, the People's Republic of China, from November 1973 to August 1987. Of 60 patients, subclinical stage amounted to 35% (21/60), moderate stage 55% (33/60) and late stage 10% (6/60). There were 21 cases with small PLC (less than or equal to 5 cm). The postoperative course was uneventful in all of the 60 patients. These was no operative mortality, and there was no complications such as rupture of tumor, secondary bleeding, bile leakage, or abdominal infection. The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 4-year, and 5-year survival rates were 51.7% (30/58), 33.9% (19/56), 20.8% (11/53), 15.6% (7/45), and 11.4% (5/44), respectively, for the whole series. Among the 21 patients with tumor nodules less than or equal to 5 cm in diameter, the 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 4-year, and 5-year survival rates were 76.2% (16/21), 61.9% (13/21), 50.0% (9/18), 41.2% (7/17), and 37.5% (6/16), respectively. These results indicate that hepatic cryosurgery is a promising, safe, and simple treatment for neoplastic disease of liver. Cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen can be considered the surgery of choice for nonresectable PLC in patients without jaundice, ascites, and noncompensated liver function, and the whole tumor mass can be involved in the frozen area.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1988

Low incidence and high titers of antibodies to hepatitis B virus X-protein in sera of Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Sera of patients from China with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were tested for the presence of HBc/HBe- and HBx antibodies by immunoblotting using recombinant MS2 or beta gal fusion proteins as substrate. Antibodies against HBx were detected in four out of 68 HBsAg positive and in one out of three HBsAg negative sera, antibodies against HBc/HBe in 52 and two serum samples, respectively. Competition experiments in which sera were preincubated with individual viral proteins synthesized in E. coli were carried out to demonstrate the specificity of signals obtained in immunoblot analyses. In the five anti-HBx positive sera, the antibody titer against X fusion protein was higher than against core fusion protein and in one of these sera anti-x activity could be demonstrated even at a serum dilution of 1:50,000. These data indicate that X antibodies occur rarely in Chinese patients and are not serodiagnostic for HCC. The high titer of X antibodies in some patients shows that the X protein can be highly immunogenic in vivo. Induction of antibody formation may be triggered by X protein expressed from integrated viral DNA.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

An expert system designed as a tutoring tool in cervical cytology: TTCC-1 system.

A knowledge-based intelligent system being developed as a computer-assisted tutoring tool that can be used by teachers and students of cervical cytology is described. This system uses a combination of frames and rules as knowledge representation. Combination data structures called "prototypes" characterize the typical cytoplasmic and nuclear features of classes of cervical cells by using a specific prototype for each hypothesized cell type. A hypothesis-directed approach is used for problem solving. Rules are associated with each prototype or hypothesis. There are two major kinds of rules: deducing rules, used for deducing certainty factors (expressed as degrees of certainty of the hypotheses), and strategy rules, used for guiding the user in reaching a conclusion about the test cell. With an easy-to-use interactive menu, the user inputs a series of sets of qualitative cell features, which the system utilizes at various inference stages and finally arrives at a decision about the cell type.

Cell Biology↗
PubMed1987

[Small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its remote outcome].

Comparative study of 92 cases of pathologically proven small HCC (less than or equal to 5 cm) and 787 clinical HCC treated and followed in Zhongshan Hospital from 1958 to 1984 demonstrated that: 1. Resection of small HCC is the best way for long survival, 26 of the 51 patients who survived for more than 5 years had had small HCC. 2. The increase of the 5 year survival rates from 1.7% (1958-1966) through 7.1% (1967-1975) to 22.6% (1976-1984) of the whole series is due to the increase of proportion of small HCC (0%, 7.2% and 15.1%) in the respective periods. 3. In comparison to clinical HCC, small HCC showed higher resection rate (28.7% vs 85.9%), lower operative mortality (9.7% vs 1.3%) and better 5 year survival (19.9% vs 70.3%). 4. Concepts of early detection, early diagnosis, surgical treatment, management of recurrence and metastasis, prognosis, natural history of HCC, early development of HCC, etc. may be changed basing on this study. Reoperation of subclinical recurrence after small HCC resection has improved the 5 year survival from 56.2% in 1981 to 70.3% in this study.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

[Alteration of plasma amino acid content in primary liver cancer patients].

Twenty-two plasma free amino acid contents from 22 primary liver cancer (PLC) patients were assayed by means of HPLC and compared with those from 16 normal subjects. The results showed that in PLC patients, plasma total amino acid (TAA), branched chain amino acid (BCAA), glycogenic amino acid, glutamine, histidine and arginine were lowered, while plasma aromatic amino acid (AAA) and methionine did not decrease significantly resulting in the BCAA/AAA ratio decline. Comparing 8/22 subclinical and 14/22 clinical liver cancers with healthy controls respectively, it was found that there was a decrease of plasma TAA, glutamine, arginine, histidine, BCAA and BCAA/AAA ratio, and an increase of tyrosine, in subclinical stage of PLC. It suggests that alteration of most amino acids occur in the early stage of PLC and become more obvious in the moderate and late stages. The changes of plasma amino acid contents in PLC were different from those in chronic liver diseases. The alteration of plasma amino acid contents in subclinical stage of PLC suggests that the disturbance of amino acid metabolism be resulted from malignancy. Correction of the amino acid metabolic disturbance in PLC patients may enhance the inhibition of tumor growth and improve the host metabolism and anti-cancer effect.

Adult↗