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Biomedical subjects

Zahoor Ahmed

Publications and source records attributed to Zahoor Ahmed.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Catamenial pneumothorax: optimal hormonal and surgical management.

OBJECTIVE: To provide further information addressing the etiology, optimal hormonal management and surgical management in catamenial pneumothorax (CP). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed records of all female patients operated on for spontaneous pneumothorax at a university hospital between January 1993 and March 2002. RESULTS: In eight of 24 patients, pneumothoraces were timed with menses. In all, the right side was involved. Seven patients were on hormonal medications pre-operatively and six post-operatively. All six patients taking estrogen/progesterone replacement had recurrences pre-operatively and two of three had recurrences post-operatively while on these medications. No patient suffered a pneumothorax either pre- or post-operatively while taking a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (two and three patients, respectively). Intraoperative findings included diaphragmatic implants [5] diaphragmatic fenestrations [4], apical blebs [2] and visceral pleural implants [2]. All pathology was specifically addressed at the time of surgery. Pleural space management included mechanical pleurodesis in seven and pleurectomy with talc insufflation in 1. Follow-up ranged from 27 to 63 months with a mean of 48 months. Three patients developed post-operative recurrences. One was managed without intervention and two required additional procedures. CONCLUSION: Catamenial pneumothorax is under appreciated, representing up to one-third of women with spontaneous pneumothorax. Hormonal agents that allow for menses are ineffective. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists should be considered as part of the pre-operative or post-operative management in high risk patients. Our findings suggest that an additional intervention to augment pleural symphysis at the level of the diaphragm should be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A new locus for autosomal recessive nuclear cataract mapped to chromosome 19q13 in a Pakistani family.

PURPOSE: To identify the disease locus of autosomal recessive congenital nuclear cataracts in a consanguineous Pakistani family. METHODS: A large Pakistani family with multiple individuals affected by autosomal recessive congenital cataracts was ascertained. Patients were examined, blood samples were collected, and DNA was isolated. A genome-wide scan was performed using 382 polymorphic microsatellite markers on genomic DNA from affected and unaffected family members. Two-point lod scores were calculated, and haplotypes were formed by inspection. RESULTS: In the genome-wide scan, a maximum lod score of 2.89 was obtained for marker D19S414 on 19q13. Fine mapping using D19S931, D19S433, D19S928, D19S225, D19S416, D19S213, D19S425, and D19S220 markers from the Généthon database showed that markers in a 14.3-cM (12.66-Mb) interval flanked by D19S928 and D19S420 cosegregated with the cataract locus. Lack of homozygosity further suggests that the cataract locus may lie in a 7-cM (4.3-Mb) interval flanked by D19S928 proximally and D19S425 distally. On fine mapping, a maximum lod score of 3.09 was obtained with D19S416 at theta = 0. CONCLUSIONS: Linkage analysis identified a new locus for autosomal recessive congenital nuclear cataracts on chromosome 19q13 in a consanguineous Pakistani family.

Cataract↗
PubMed2004

Lung cancer in transplant recipients: a single-institution experience.

HYPOTHESIS: That aggressive surgical treatment of lung cancer (LC) is justified by stage-based outcome in immunosuppressed solid organ transplant recipients. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: Lung cancer developed in 15 patients (0.28%) among a solid organ transplant recipient population of 5400 accrued at our institution over a 25-year period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Smoking prevalence, subtypes and stages of LC represented, operative morbidity, and survival. RESULTS: The mean time from transplantation to the diagnosis of LC was 76 months (range, 9-192 months). Eight patients received kidneys; 3, lungs; and 4, hearts. Only 11 patients (73%) had a smoking history (mean, 66 pack-years). The following carcinomas developed in our patient population: adenocarcinoma, 6 patients; squamous cell, 5; large cell undifferentiated, 2; bronchoalveolar, 1; and small cell, 1. Eight patients (53%) presented with inoperable stage IIIB or IV disease. The remaining patients presented in stages IA (n = 2), IB (n = 1), IIB (n = 2), and IIIA (n = 2); all underwent resection. No major postoperative complications occurred. All patients with stage IIIB or greater disease with or without treatment died quickly (mean survival, 1.4 months; range, 0.33-3.0 months). All patients with stage IIB or less remain alive a mean of 37 months after resection. Patients with stage IIIA survived only a mean of 6.0 months despite resection. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding LCs in transplant recipients compared with LCs in the nontransplant population, we find that (1) there is an increased incidence among nonsmokers; (2) death occurs rapidly in unresected patients; (3) resection carries a low morbidity rate; and (4) resection seems to offer a high chance of cure in those with cancers staged IIB or less.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Mediastinal talcoma masquerading as thymoma.

We report a young woman with a large, calcified anterior mediastinal mass discovered 18 months following a left talc pleurodesis. The lesion was evaluated and treated as the thymoma or teratoma that it appeared to be, with excision by a transcervical approach. Pathologic examination revealed a giant talc granuloma. Awareness of such a possibility following talc pleurodesis may allow surgeons to avoid unnecessary mediastinal exploration, and its occurrence suggests that talc administration simultaneous with mechanical pleurodesis should be avoided.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Types of brain tumors in Hazara division and northern areas of Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and management of brain tumors is important to reduce morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to calculate frequency of different types of brain tumors in patients operated and managed at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. METHODS: This study was carried out at Neurosurgical Department of Ayub Teaching hospital, Abbottabad from September 1999 to October 2003. Records of patients who consented for surgery after CT scan evidence of brain tumors, which were proved on biopsy later on, were included in the study. The tissue biopsy was taken by open craniotomy or by computerized stereotactic method. Pattern of different brain tumors was studied during this period. RESULTS: Our study revealed predominantly tumors arising from neuroepithelium (49.2%) while tumors arising from meninges were relatively low (23.3%). Nerve sheath tumors (4.2%), germ cell tumors, mal-developmental origin (2.5%), blood vessel tumors (5.8%) and miscellaneous tumors (6.6%) were found relatively in a very low frequency. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of brain tumor frequency will help in future management plan that may be in the form of open craniotomy, stereo tactic radiosurgery, whole brain radiotherapy or gamma knife surgery.

Adenoma↗