Biomedical subjects

Zdzisław Jarzabek

Publications and source records attributed to Zdzisław Jarzabek.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[End phase challenges of poliomyelitis eradication programme realization].

The progress of poliomyelitis eradication programme realization, the implementation schedule and strategies for the future, are summarised based on publications of the World Health Organisation. During the following two years wild poliovirus strains should be globally eradicated. This means that potentially in 2010 the global eradication of wild polioviruses will be certified. To eradicate poliomyelitis, cessation of the oral polio vaccine (OPV) is necessary, since the vaccine strains produce cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and cases of poliomyelitis caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV). However, the WHO plan to stop immunization with OPV and the immunization with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) shortly after, is alarming in the present situation. The article describes the measures undertaken to prevent or minimise the risk of reintroduction of wild poliovirus strains, which is potentially associated with WHO plan of action.

Disease Outbreaks↗

PubMed2004

[Poliomyelitis eradication in Poland--assessment of the program implementation].

The study aimed to investigate the quality of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance in Poland prior to certification of polio-free status of the European Region in 2002. All cases reported to the National Institute of Hygiene in 1998-2002 were included in the study. To assess the surveillance quality we used the WHO indicators and timelines analysis of the undertaken actions. In total 320 AFP cases in children under 15 years were reported (annual incidence per 100,000 from 0.57 in 2000 to 1.05 in 2001 and 1.06 in 2002). Incidence was significantly higher in boys (RR = 1.42, p = 0.002) and in the age group 0-4 years (RR = 1.77, p < 0.0001). Mean incidence in voyvodeships ranged from 0.42 in Zachodnio-pomorskie to 1.45 in Swietokrzyskie. Percentage of cases with timely stool collection increased from 39% in 1998 to 82% in 2002 and the percentage of cases reported within 2 days from hospitalization--from 14% in 1998 to 48% in 2002. The median number of days from hospitalization to reporting decreased from 4 in 1998-2000 to 3 in 2001-2002 (p < 0.0001) and the median number of days from onset to first stool sample collection--from 7 in 1999-2000 to 5 in 2000-2002 (p < 0.0001). In the investigated 1350 stool samples from AFP cases and their contacts 76 strains of poliovirus were isolated--all Sabin-like. In conclusion the surveillance indicators improved during the study period. The quality of surveillance however is uneven on the sub-national level. Consequently, imported polio cases might be detected with delay. Continuation of enhanced AFP surveillance in Poland is warranted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Detection of nonpoliomyelitic enteroviruses in central nervous system infections in Poland in 1995-2000; viral isolation data].

The aim of this study was evaluation of enterovirus diagnosis based on isolation of the virus in cell culture from subjects with aseptic neuroinfection conducted in six Provincial Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations in 1995-2000 years. Available data from six Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations indicated that 1429 isolation of enteroviruses from fecal samples of those patients were performed. The most frequently isolated enterovirus serotype was echovirus type 30: 138/203 isolated enteroviruses, but also others enterovirus serotypes were isolated in a study period. In the years 1995 and 1996 the percentage of positive results of isolation was highest with the numbers of 31% and 28.27% respectively. The decrease in positive isolation results has been observed from 1997 year. Negative results of isolation come up to 90% of investigated cases. Only 1.5% of enterovirus isolation attempts finished successfully in 2002 year. The situation when percentage of positive results of isolation is on so low level, the natural alterations in a profile of enterovirus serotype infected population cannot be observed, and serological investigations can be conducted for enterovirus serotypes others than really circulating and causing infections in population.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed2002

Evaluation of the usefulness of the ELISA method for detection of enterovirus antibodies in serum samples of patients with myocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Enteroviruses are among the etiological factors in myocarditis. In the majority of cases it is impossible to obtain a direct confirmation of the presence of the virus, and typologically specific methods are of limited applicability, due both to the number of enteroviruses that can cause myocarditis, and to the serological cross reactions among them. The goal of our research was to determine the usability of the ELISA test and the complement fixation reaction (CFR) in diagnostic testing of the serum of patients with myocarditis. MATERIAL/METHODS: The research material consisted of 117 serum samples collected from patients with myocarditis. In all these samples we measured the concentration of IgG and IgM enterovirus antibodies using the ELISA method, and the height of the titer using the CFR method. RESULTS: The presence of IgM antibodies is a confirmation of current infection. A positive result was obtained for 61% of the patients. On the other hand, if one accepts as confirmation of infection a titer significantly different from the level observed in the healthy population, namely > or =16 for CFR and > or =11 for ELISA-IgG (cf. positive results of 33% for CFR and 18.8% for ELISA IgG in our patients), the results may be disproportional. If one assumes as a test criterion a significant increase in titer, the presence of infection was confirmed in 28.5% of cases for CFR and 62% for ELISA-IgG. CONCLUSIONS: An analysis of the results obtained here justify the conclusion that neither the height of the CFR titer nor the concentration of IgG antibodies constitutes a clear confirmation of infection, if the criterion of evaluation is based on a measure in a single serum sample. In this case it is necessary to test for a significant increase in the titer. The use of the average titer for the population at large to evaluate results leads to both false positives and false negatives. Testing for IgM antibodies in a single serum sample is a faster method which confirms the current presence of infection. Our results indicate that the ELISA test can be used to diagnose myocarditis, since it is more sensitive and faster than CFR, and allows for the differentiation of antibody classes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[National Poliovirus Laboratory--the role of and performed investigations in the eradication of poliomyelitis in Poland 1998-2002].

In 2002 all the countries of the European Region were certified free of wild poliomyelitis virus transmission. In Poland the viral diagnosing, ensuing from coordinated by WHO eradication program, has been conducted exclusively by the National Poliovirus Laboratory (NPL) located in the Virology Department of National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw. In this report we describe diagnostic criteria as well as the scope of laboratory tests and procedures carried out by NPL from 1998 in order to obtain and maintain WHO accreditation. In addition we present a summary of laboratory findings in fecal samples from patients with acute flaccid paralysis and from their contacts. We conclude with a discussion of crucial in terms of virology points of the eradication program especially in view of its further implementation during the "after certification" era.

Academies and Institutes↗