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Zh D Kobalava

Publications and source records attributed to Zh D Kobalava.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Fosinorm in the treatment of essential hypertension with a metabolic syndrome].

The authors made an open-comparative trial of fosinopril (Fosinorm) efficacy and tolerability in 20 patients (9 males and 11 females) with stage II mild and moderate essential hypertension accompanied with disturbed glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Fosinorm was given in a dose 10 - 20 mg/day under 24-h monitoring of blood pressure. Diastolic pressure returned to normal in 19 (95%) patients, one patient showed a good hypotensive response. The mean 24-h fall in the systolic and diastolic pressure was significant and made up for systolic pressure 7.5% (9.2% and 9.2%), respectively. Fosinorm had a minimal effect on carbohydrate metabolism, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides. The conclusion is made that Fosinorm is a highly effective antihypertensive drug positively influencing 24-h profile of blood pressure in the absence of negative action on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

[The polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in patients with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and the development of a myocardial infarct at a young age. Preliminary report].

Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene was studied by use of the polymerase chain reaction in 168 normal subjects living in Moscow region and in 70 patients: 38 with essential hypertension (EH), 9 of which survived myocardial infarction at young age, 13 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) and 19 with myocardial infarction (MI). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was detected in 24 of 38 EH patients. There was a highly significant increase in the frequency of the ID genotype in EH patients compared to the controls (62.4% versus 32.7%, P < 0.01). There was a relevant decrease in the frequency of the DD genotype in EH patients in comparison with the control (20.8% versus 47.6%, P < 0.05). These results strongly suggest that the ACE gene is associated with EH. No significant differences in both allele and genotype frequencies of the ACE gene were revealed in two groups of patients with MI and with HCMP compared to the controls. Thus, no relations between the ACE gene and these disorders were observed. In hypertensives with MI the II genotype was not detected and the frequency of both D allele and DD genotype was sufficiently increased compared to normotensive patients with MI. Thus, the DD genotype in hypertensives may be a risk factor for MI. The frequency of the DD genotype was significantly increased in hypertensive patients with LVH compared to the uncomplicated hypertension (37.5% versus 7.1%, P < 0.05). Therefore, this genotype is associated with LVH in hypertensive subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis: clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome X. Prospects of pharmacological treatment].

Currently available data and clinical observations which suggest that there is a pathogenetic relationship between hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis have provided a concept of the X syndrome, by which hypertensive patients, mainly males, have impaired insulin tolerance along with hyperinsulinemia and concurrent atherogenic disorders of lipid metabolism. The paper discussed the specific pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and prospects for drug correction of the metabolic syndrome. The treatment of arterial hypertension with the calcium antagonist Lomir has indicated there are no negative changes as a control of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the presence of effective correction of arterial hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidemias. With the monotherapy of essential hypertension concurrent with hypercholesterolemia with the alpha 1-adrenoblocker Doxazosin, in addition to the agent's high antihypertensive effects, the authors noted its favourable action on lipid spectral parameters and platelet functional activity. There is abundant evidence for the use of specific hypolipidemic agents in patients with essential hypertensive refractory to current antihypertensive drugs. The data obtained with the use of Lescol (fluvastatin) in patients with hypertensive disease and hypercholesterolemia suggest that by substantially reducing the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and its transport protein apo B does not deteriorate the quality of correction of arterial hypertension in this group of patients.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1995

[The hypolipidemic effect of and tolerance for Lescol in treating hypercholesterolemia in hypertension patients (an analysis of the data from a multicenter study)].

Hypertensive patients with hyperlipidemia are at high risk to develop coronary heart disease (CHD). Chemotherapeutic correction of hyperlipidemia seems most reliable modality to prevent CHD. Hypolipidemic effect and tolerance of leskol (fluvastatin) in dietotherapy-resistant hypercholesterolemia were studied in 74 patients with essential hypertension treated with hypotensive drugs. The patients were included in a multicenter trial. A 12-week course reduced total cholesterol level under 6.2 mmol/l in 59% of the patients, under 5.2 mmol/l in 29% of them. LDLP cholesterol lowered to 3.5% in 34% of the patients. Mean apo B diminished by 23%. There was a 27% decrease in the proportion of atherogenic fraction apo B to antiatherogenic fraction of transport proteins apo A-I. Leskol is well tolerated and effective against hypercholesterolemia, it is safe in relation to side effects and blood biochemistry.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1991

[The specificity of the hypotensive effect of calcium antagonists in hypertension].

The purpose of the study was to define prognostic criteria that determine individual sensitivity to the hypotensive effect of slow calcium channel blockers. After two weeks of placebo therapy 45 patients suffering from essential hypertension underwent an acute pharmacological test (APT) with nifedipine in a dose of 30 mg. Then the patients received monotherapy with nitrendipine in the increasing doses for 12 weeks. The drug effect on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the level of ionized calcium in the blood serum was estimated. In 17 patients who responded to the APT by a decrease of the mean arterial pressure (MAP) by not less than 20%, arterial pressure was corrected with nitrendipine administered in a dose not exceeding 20 mg. 28 patients whose MAP dropped by 10 to 20% in response to the APT required higher drug doses (40 mg). 7 patients in whom the MAP dropped less than 10% were practically refractory to the monotherapy with nitrendipine. A close negative correlation was found between the degree of the MAP lowering in response to the APT during nitrendipine monotherapy and plasma renin activity as well as the concentration of ionized calcium in the blood serum. The low content (less than 1.0 mmol/l) of ionized calcium in the blood serum of patients suffering from essential hypertension appeared the most valuable predictor for the hypotensive effect of the slow calcium channel blockers.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of clopheline on thrombocyte aggregation].

Data on clopheline effect on platelet aggregation, both spontaneous and ADP- or adrenaline-induced, in normal donors are reported. Clopheline is shown to slightly increase aggregation in normal subjects, exhibiting properties of a weak aggregation inductor. Where adrenaline is present in the aggregating system, clopheline undermines its platelet aggregation-inducing effect and, consequently, shows properties of a more competitive antagonist, as compared to adrenaline.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of calcium-channel blockers on human thrombocyte aggregation induced by alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists].

A comparative study of the effects of calcium channel blockers nifedipine and verapamil on platelet aggregation in healthy donors induced by adrenaline. A partial agonist of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors clofelin and also clofelin in combination with the threshold concentrations of ADP inducing aggregation was performed. It was found that verapamil is a more potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline as compared with nifedipine inhibiting this process only at high concentrations. The aggregation-inducing effect of a partial agonist of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors clofelin is eliminated at low concentrations in the aggregating mixture of nifedipine than verapamil.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗