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Biomedical subjects

Zhi-yong Sheng

Publications and source records attributed to Zhi-yong Sheng.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Application of carbon fiber dressing on burn wounds].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of carbon fiber dressing on burn wounds. METHODS: Two hundreds and seventy seven burn patients were randomly divided into treatment group (group T) and control group (group C). The burn wounds were covered with carbon fiber dressing in T group, and with povidone iodine gauze in C group, respectively. The absorption capability of the dressing, inflammatory reaction and bacteria quantitation of wound tissues and wound healing time were observed, and biopsy of wounds were performed. RESULTS: The absorption capability of the dressing was higher, the wound inflammatory reaction was milder, and bacteria quantitation of wound tissues was lower in the group T than that in group C. The wound healing time in the group T was shorter than that in group C. CONCLUSIONS: Carbon fiber dressing is a new model dressing, it can absorb wound exudation, lessen inflammatory reaction and improve wound healing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[The potential mechanism on signal transduction pathway in regulation of mRNA expression of high mobility group box-1 protein in septic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential role of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in regulation of gene expression of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) in various tissues in rats with sepsis. METHODS: A sepsis model reproduced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and 128 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10), sham operation group (n = 10), CLP group (n = 60), AG490 treatment group (n = 24), and rapamycin (RPM) treatment group (n = 24). At serial time points animals in each group were sacrificed after CLP, then tissue samples were harvested to determine HMGB1 mRNA expression and STAT1/3 DNA binding activity. RESULTS: STAT1 activities increased rapidly in the liver, lungs and small intestine after CLP, peaking at 6 - 12 h, while it increased slowly, and still kept at mild level from 2 to 48 h in the kidneys. Compared with STAT1, lower STAT3 activities were detected only in the liver and lungs, with negative detection in the small intestine and kidneys. HMGB1 mRNA levels significantly increased in liver, lungs and small intestine at various time points after CLP respectively (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while they didn't change in the kidneys. Treatment with AG490 could markedly inhibit HMGB1 mRNA expression in the liver and small intestine at 24 and 48 h (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and in lungs at 2 h following CLP (P < 0.01). Similarly, treatment with RPM significantly decreased HMGB1 mRNA expression in the lungs at 2, 6, 24 and 48 h, in the liver at 6 and 24 h, and in the small intestine at 24 and 48 h (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In addition, STAT1 and STAT3 activities in the liver and lungs were significantly correlated with corresponding tissue HMGB1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal infection could extensively activate STAT1 and limitedly activate STAT3 in vital organs. Activation of JAK/STAT pathway might be involved in up-regulating the gene expression of HMGB1 and systemic inflammation secondary to severe septic challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of zinc supplementation on zinc and calcium levels in serum and tissue in burned rats].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of zinc supplementation on zinc and calcium levels in serum and tissue in burned rats. METHODS: Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into C group (control group without scald, n = 8), and N, W, H groups (each consisting of 24 rats), in which the rats were exposed to scalding resulting in partial thickness burns covering 15% of the total body surface area on the back, and then they were fed with diets containing zinc 40 microg/g in N and W groups, and 80 microg/g in H group. A cream containing zinc 761.1 microg/g was applied on the wound in W group at the same time. Eight rats of each group were sacrificed on day 1, 3 and 7 after scald respectively. Venous blood and samples of liver, femur and scald skin were harvested. Zinc and calcium contents in serum and tissues were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. RESULTS: The serum Zn(2+) levels in N, W groups were lower than C group, however, it was obviously higher in H group (up to 16.2 micromol/L) on day 1 after scald. The liver Zn(2+) showed an increasing tendency in all groups, while Ca(2+) level declined in H group, but increased in N, W group. The bone Zn(2+) and Ca(2+) levels showed a progressive declination in all groups from day 1 to 7 after scald. The changes were more obviously in N group than H group (P < 0.05). The Zn(2+) content of the scalded skin increased obviously in H group on first day after scald and in W group on 7th day after scald. The Ca(2+) contents of scalded skin showed marked increases in all groups, especially in N group, but least in W group. CONCLUSION: There are obvious changes in Zn(2+) and Ca(2+) contents of serum and tissues after scald injury and zinc supplementation. The effects of zinc supplementation on calcium level in the tissue need to be further studied.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of inhibitors of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1/3 on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced by high mobility group box-1 protein inflammatory response in rat peritoneal macrophages].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inflammatory signal transduction of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) induced inflammatory response in rat peritoneal macrophages. METHODS: Peritoneal macrophages obtained from male Wistar rats were seeded in 24-well (1 x 10(6) cells/well) tissue culture plates. The cells were incubated for 3 days before they were stimulated with HMGB1, and treated with Fludarabine [the specific inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)] or Rapamycin (the specific inhibitor of STAT3). The time-dependent and dose-dependent responses between HMGB1 stimulation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression as well as release were analyzed respectively. Moreover, the effect of Fludarabine and Rapamycin on TNF-alpha mRNA expression and protein release were also observed. RESULTS: (1) After HMGB1 challenge, TNF-alpha mRNA expressions were up-regulated markedly, peaked at 24 hours, and decreased at 36 hours. When HMGB1 was used at a concentration of 10 microg/ml, TNF-alpha mRNA expression increased most markedly. (2) HMGB1 could induce TNF-alpha release in rat peritoneal macrophages, with peaking at 4 hours and decreasing at 8 hours later. When the concentration of HMGB1 stimulation increased from 5 microg/ml to 25 microg/ml, TNF-alpha release was persistently enhanced. (3) It was also showed that TNF-alpha mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by treatment of either Fludarabine (100 micromol/L) or Rapamycin (25 ng/ml), while TNF-alpha release was not markedly suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: STAT1 and STAT3 might be involved in the regulation of TNF-alpha gene expression, but not in TNF-alpha early release (< 24 hours) induced by HMGB1 stimulation in rat peritoneal macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA expression in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte and tissues during posttraumatic sepsis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNs) and tissues after cecal ligation puncture (CLP) in rats. METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect TNF-alpha mRNA expression in peripheral PMNs and tissues. RESULTS: The TNF-alpha mRNA expression in peripheral PMNs rose gradually after CLP, and it began to decrease after reaching the peak at 48 hours, but it was still higher than normal. The elevation of TNF-alpha mRNA expression was first limited in the regional tissues (P<0.01 at 12 hours after CLP and peaked at 24 hours in the intestine), then it entered the blood circulation later to affect the sensitive organs--lungs and livers (P<0.01 at 24 hours after CLP and peaked at 48 hours in the lung; P<0.05 at 24 hours after CLP and peaked at 48 hours in the liver). CONCLUSION: The rise of TNF-alpha mRNA expression plays an important role in pathogenesis of sepsis.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of dexamethasone on degradation of cultured myotube protein and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of dexamethasone on degradation of long-lived protein in myotubes and to elucidate its possible mechanism. METHODS: After isolating skeletal muscles of rat's hind limb under sterile condition, the myoblasts were proliferated in tissue-block culture. After being passaged and purified, the myoblasts fused into myotubes. The protein in myotubes was radiolabelled with L-[3,5-(3)H]-tyrosine, and then the myotubes were divided into two groups. In group A, the myotubes were cultured in Dubbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 2 mmol/L tyrosine without dexamethasone (control group), with dexamethasone 10 nmol/L (group A1), dexamethasone 100 nmol/L (group A2), and dexamethasone 1,000 nmol/L (group A3), respectively. The amounts of L-[3,5-(3)H]-tyrosine in culture medium and cells were determined and the degradation rates of long-lived protein were calculated at 12, 24, 36, 48 hours of culture. In group B, the myotubes were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 2 mmol/L tyrosine with 50 micromol/L proteasome inhibitor MG132 (group B1), or 50 micromol/L MG132 and 100 nmol/L dexamethasone (group B2). Proteolytic rates of protein were calculated with the same way as group A at 24 hours. RESULTS: The proteolytic rate of long-lived protein in group A1, group A2 and group A3 was all increased significantly compared with that in control group (all P<0.01), and that in group A2 and A3 rose markedly compared with that in group A1 (both P<0.01), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between group A2 and group A3 (P>0.05). Proteolytic rate of long-lived protein in group B1 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). The degradation rate of long-lived protein in group B2 was markedly lower than that in group A2 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is one of the important pathways of degradation of long-lived protein in cultured myotubes, and dexamethasone could enhance the degradation of long-lived protein in cultured myotubes by activating ubiquitin proteasome pathway in dose-dependent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of insulin intensive treatment on hyper-proteolysis of skeletal muscle in scalded rabbit with sepsis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of insulin intensive treatment on hyper-proteolysis of skeletal muscle in scalded rabbit with sepsis. METHODS: Male white rabbits were randomly divided into scald group (S group), scald sepsis group (SS group), scald with insulin treatment group (SI group), scald sepsis with insulin treatment group (SSI group), and control group (C group), with 6 animals in each group. The extent of scald injury was 30% total body surface area (TBSA) III degree in depth, and the model of scald sepsis was replicated by administration of endotoxin (2 mg/kg) into the peritoneal cavity immediately after scald injury. Insulin intensive treatment was given with injection of insulin to keep the plasma glucose level in physiologic range (4.4-6.1 mmol/L) for SI group and SSI group. The contents of 3-methylhistidine (3-MH) in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and urine were determined with high performance liquid chromatography. The expressions of ubiquitin mRNA in the EDL muscle were assessed with Northern blot analysis. RESULTS: The contents of 3-MH in EDL muscles and urine of S group and SS group were increased significantly as compared with C group (all P<0.01), and that of SI group and SSI group were decreased markedly compared with S group and SS group (all P<0.01), respectively. The mRNA expression of ubiquitin of S group and SS group was enhanced significantly compared with C group (all P<0.01), and that of SI group and SSI group was down-regulated notably compared with S group and SS group (all P<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: The activity of ubiquitin system, one of important protein degradation pathways, and the proteolysis in skeletal muscle are enhanced after scald injury, especially so sepsis sets in, and insulin intensive treatment can effectively alleviate hyper-proteolysis of skeletal muscle through inhibiting the activity of ubiquitin system at gene level.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Relationship between the proliferation and immunoinduction of epithelial cells and the destruction of hair follicles and sebaceous glands in keloids].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of biological behavior of epithelial cells on the hair follicles and sebaceous glands (HFSG) structure in keloids (K). METHODS: The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, D-related human leucocyte antigen (HLA-DR), and cytokeratin (CK) 14 on epithelial cells and the amount of activity T-lymphocytes were detected in specimens of keloid edge and normal skin with immunohistochemical and histological methods. RESULTS: In comparison with normal skin specimens, epithelial cells were proliferated in K-HFSG presented structural aberration and disintegrate or abnormally to form solid-epithelial island-like structure, and the density of HSFG with hyperplasia and the ageing scar in keloids was apparently decreased. They strongly expressed ICAM-1, HLA-DR, and CK14 in the epithelial cells, there were many immunologic cells which expressed CD4, CD45RO, and interferon (IFN)-gamma around the K-HFSG. The expressed level of epithelial cells was positively correlated with the density of immunologic cells nearby K-HFSG. CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that the reactivity with hyperplasia and immunoinduction of epithelial cells might be associated with the destruction of the some HFSG structure in the keloids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of different modes of artificial ventilation on lung injury in dog model of acute respiratory distress syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different modes of artificial ventilation on lung injury in a dog model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and to evaluate the protective effect of various parameters in mechanical ventilation on lung injury. METHODS: Thirty-six healthy dogs were randomly divided into normal control group (N group), ARDS group (M group) and ventilation group (A-D groups) based on a series of random number. The ARDS dog model was replicated by intratracheal instillation of hydrochloric acid, and mechanical ventilation was carried out according to the following ventilatory protocols. A group: low V(T) (6 ml/kg) with respiratory rate 30/minutes, low inspiratory flow 6 ml.kg(-1).s(-1). B group: large V(T) (20 ml/kg) with respiratory rate 30/minutes, high inspiratory flow 20 ml.kg(-1).s(-1). C group: large V(T) (20 ml/kg) with respiratory rate 15/minutes, high inspiratory flow 17 ml.kg(-1).s(-1). D group: large V(T) (20 ml/kg) with respiratory rate 15/minutes, low inspiratory flow 10 ml.kg(-1).s(-1). Lung mechanical parameters were recorded at 0, 1, 2 and 4 hours after the change in ventilatory protocol. After 4 hours of mechanical ventilation, animals were sacrificed, and the lung was harvested. Lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) was measured. Histopathological changes were observed under light microscope, diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) scores was estimated, and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) count was done. Nuclear factor-KappaB (NF-KappaB) p65 activity was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: W/D in B group (9.95+/-0.99) was higher than that of A (6.78+/-0.56) and D (7.11+/-0.47) groups (both P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between B and C groups (9.22+/-1.19, P>0.05). DAD scores in B group (12.80+/-1.47) was obvious higher than that of A (7.67+/-1.20) and D (8.83+/-1.17) groups (both P<0.01), but there was no difference compared with C group (11.50+/-1.87, P>0.05). NF-KappaB p65 activity in B group [(33.56+/-2.85)%] was significantly higher than that of A [(10.35+/-0.60)%] and D [(10.79+/-1.02)%] groups, but there was no difference between B and C [(30.87+/-1.16)%] groups. CONCLUSION: Large tidal volumes with high inspiratory flow and high respiratory rate may cause severe ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). Reduction of inspiratory flow and respiratory rate with large tidal volume ventilation may provide pulmonary protection.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2006

[Influence of carbachol on intestinal dysfunction after traumatic or burn injury].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of enteral administration of carbachol on the intestinal dysfunction of both severely burn patients and rabbits with partial intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: Seventy-five white rabbits were inflicted with I/R injury and randomized into intestinal I/R (I, n=25), carbachol [C, n=25, with 3g/L carbachol (3 mg/kg) injection into duodenum 1 h after SMA occlusion] and sham operation (SO, n=25, with SMA isolation but no occlusion) groups, and 5 other as normal controls. The blood flow of intestinal mucosa was detected before and after SMA occlusion or admission of carbachol. Changes in diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, xylopyranose absorption, blue dextran discharging time were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, 72 h after SMA occlusion. In addition, eight severe burn patients with TBSA of 84 +/- 12% were enrolled in the study, and carbachol (15 microg/kg) was administered to patients when abdominal distension or bowel sound was lower than 2 times/min, then the number of abdominal distension and bowel sounds per minute were observed. RESULTS: The blood flow in intestinal mucosa of rabbits without SMA occlusion was (102 +/- 5) PU, reduced to (48 +/- 6) PU after SMA occlusion, and increased to (77 +/- 3) PU after injection of carbachol. The plasma DAO activity and D-lactic acid content in I group began to increase 4 hours after SMA occlusion, and they reached the peak 24 hours after SMA occlusion (4.63 +/- 0.27 U/ml, 7.9 +/- 2.4 mg/L) , after that they decreased gradually, but still higher than the normal value (0.89 +/- 0.14 U/ml, 2.0 +/- 1.1 mg/L, P < 0.05). In carbachol group, data showed the same trends as that in intestine I/R group with lower values, while no obvious changes were in sham operation group (P > 0.05). The content of D-lactic decreased dramatically 2 hours after D-lactic administration in both I and C groups, increased 6 hours after SMA occlusion, then decreased gradually, but it in C group was always higher than normal values, and little fluctuation was in sham operation group. There was no blue dextran discharge 2 hours after SMA occlusion. The discharging distance increased 6 hours later, but it was obviously shorter than the normal value 24 hrs after operation (P < 0.05) , then it returned to normal 48 to 72 hrs after operation. In the C group, blue dextran discharge was found immediately after its injection, with obvious increase in the discharging distance to peak value (43 +/- 6 cm) 6 hours after injury, and returning to normal (28 +/- 3 cm) gradually. In severe burned patients, the bowel sounds was (1.6 +/- 1.1) per minutes before carbachol administration, then increased dramatically to (6.9 +/- 1.7) per minutes 10 mins after administration, reached to a higher level 30 minutes after administration (8.3 +/- 2.4 ) times/min, and it maintained to (6.1 +/- 1.3) times/min 1 hour after administration. Abdominal distension was ameliorated 2 hours after carbachol administration, six patients were able to defecate. CONCLUSION: Enteral administration of Carbachol can increase the blood flow of intestine mucosa, help to improve the movement, absorption and barrier functions of intestine, and ameliorate intestinal dysfunction in patients with severe burns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway on inflammatory reaction in intestine and its barrier function in rats with postburn sepsis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway inhibition on intestinal nuclear factor-KappaB (NF-KappaB) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release as well as plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in rats with postburn sepsis. METHODS: Rats were subjected to 30% total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness scald injury, followed by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic postburn sepsis. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, sepsis group, sepsis with proteasome inhibitor N-Acetyl leucinyl leucinyl norleucinal (ALLN) treatment group and sepsis with NF-KappaB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) treatment group. NF-KappaB activity, TNF-alpha protein content, and plasma DAO activity were determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and spectrophotometric method, respectively. RESULTS: The results showed that NF-KappaB activity was markedly activated and reached its peak 1 hour after scalding and injection of LPS in each group (all P<0.01), then reduced gradually. Both ALLN and PDTC could decrease intestinal NF-KappaB activity at 1 hour and 2 hours after injury. TNF-alpha release was reduced by ALLN at 1 hour after injury (P<0.01). Plasma DAO activity was significantly elevated after scalding and injection of LPS (P<0.01). Pretreatment with PDTC or ALLN could not lower the activity of DAO. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that early treatment with inhibitor of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway might decrease the intestinal inflammatory reaction, but exert no effect on intestinal barrier function in rats with postburn sepsis.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of insulin on proteolysis of cultured rabbit skeletal muscular myotubes in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of insulin on the proteolysis of cultured rabbit skeletal muscular myotubes in vitro, and their possible mechanisms. METHODS: Muscles of lower limbs of juvenile rabbits were isolated for tissue-block culture. After passage, myoblasts were formed and fused into myotubes. Then the protein in myotubes was radiolabelled with L-[ 3,5-3H] tyrosine. The myotubes were cultured in DMEM medium containing 100 nmol/L insulin (n = 24, group B) , 100 nmol/L dexamethasone (n = 24, group C) , 100 nmol/L insulin and 100 nmol/L dexamethasone (n = 24, group D) , no insulin or dexamethasone (n =24, group A), respectively. Twenty-four hours after culture, the L-[3,5-3H] tyrosine content in culture medium and cells were determined, and the degradation rates of protein were calculated. The mRNA expressions of ubiquitin and protease C2 subunit were determined by Northern blot. RESULTS: The degradation rates of myotube protein in group A(0. 38+/-0.04) was obviously lower than that in group C (0.50+/-0.03, P <0.01), but it was obviously higher than that in group B(0. 35+/-0.03, P <0.05). Though the degradation rates of myotube protein in group D (0.41+/-0. 03) was evidently lower than that in group C ( P < 0.01) , it was still higher than that in group A( P < 0.05 ). The mRNA expressions of ubiquitin and protease C2 subunit in group A ( the scale: 2. 4 kb ubiquitin was 0. 82+/-0. 15, 1. 2 kb ubiquitin was 0. 60+/-0. 10, C2 subunit was 0. 75+/-0. 16) was obviously lower than that in group C ( the scale: 2.4 kb ubiquitin was 2. 15+/-0. 23, 1.2 kb ubiquitin was 1.50+/-0. 14,C2 subunit was 1.50+/-0. 13 , P <0. 01) , but it in group D was lower than that in group C (the scale: 2. 4 kb ubiquitin was 1. 25+/-0. 17, 1. 2 kb ubiquitin was 0. 85+/-0. 09, C2 subunit was 0. 90+/-0. 15, P <0. 01) , and it was similar to that in group B (the scale: 2.4 kb ubiquitin was 0. 85+/-0.07, 1.2 kb ubiquitin was 0. 65+/- 0. 12, C2 subunit was 0. 76 +/-0. 09, P > 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The effects of insulin on the activity of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the proteolytic rate in normal myotubes were relatively weak. However, insulin can significantly inhibit the effects of dexamethasone on the gene expressions of ubiquitin system and the proteolytic rate in myotubes, but the mechanism needs further research.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical study of skeletal muscle proteolysis in severely burned patients with sepsis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of skeletal muscle proteolysis in severely burned patients with sepsis and analyze its possible mechanism. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 20 burned patients with sepsis, aged 42 +/- 10 (burn sepsis group), and 12 patients undergoing plastic operation after burn, aged 43 +/- 8 (control group) to determine the plasma concentrations of cortisol and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) by radioimmunoassay. 24 h urine was retained to determine the level of 3-methylhistidine (3-MH) by high performance liquid chromatography. An appropriate amount of quadriceps femoris muscle sample was collected during operation to determine the concentration of 3-methylhistidine with high performance liquid chromatography, the expression of ubiquitin mRNA, E(2)-14k mRNA and C(2) subunit mRNA by Northern blot analysis, and the protein expression of C(2) subunit by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: The plasma concentrations of cortisol and TNF-alpha in the burn sepsis group were 478 +/- 56 microg/L and 22.4 +/- 3.8 microg/L respectively, both significantly higher than the those in the normal control group, 72 +/- 12 microg/L and 0.5 +/- 0.1 microg/L respectively (both P < 0.01). The amount of 3-MH in the quadriceps femoris muscle of the burn sepsis group was 4.3 +/- 0.6 micromol/g, significantly higher than that of the control group (2.5 +/- 0.4 micromol/g, P < 0.01). The 24 h urinary output of 3-MH of the burn sepsis group was 456 +/- 25 micromol, significantly higher than that of the control group (202 +/- 29 micromol, P < 0.091). The expressions of ubiquitin mRNA 2.4 Kilobase pair (kb) and 1.2 kb, E(2)-14k mRNA 1.2 kb and C(2) subunit mRNA in quadriceps femoris muscles of the burn sepsis group were increased with 51%, 32%, 75%, and 39% respectively, as compared with those of the control group (all P < 0.01). The protein expression of C(2) subunit in quadriceps femoris muscles of the burn sepsis group was increased with 130% than that of the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The proteolytic rate in skeletal muscle is increased during sepsis after severe burn and the mechanism is related to the enhanced function of the ubiquitin system at both gene and protein levels with the hypersecretion of glucocorticoid and TNF-alpha.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The mechanisms of extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase pathway in biopterin induction in rats with endotoxic shock].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of treatment with the inhibitor of extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) signal transduction pathway on the expression of biopterin/nitric oxide (NO) as well as the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and to clarify the potential cross-talk regulation mechanisms between ERK and NF-kappaB pathway in biopterin-mediated NO induction in rats with endotoxic shock. METHODS: Using an endotoxic shock model, 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal controls (n = 8), endotoxic shock group (n = 32) and PD98059 treatment group (n = 20). At serial time points animals in each group were sacrificed, and tissue samples from liver, lungs as well as kidneys were harvested to detect NF-kappaB activity, guanosine triphosphate-cyclohydrolase (GTP-CHI) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression. Biopterin and NO levels in plasma and tissues were also assayed. RESULTS: It was found that after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, GTP-CHI mRNA expression and biopterin levels significantly elevated in liver, lungs and kidneys, keeping at high values up to 24 h, so did the values of iNOS mRNA expression and NO levels. NF-kappaB DNA binding activity was enhanced rapidly in various tissues, peaking at 2 h after LPS challenge. Treatment with PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK signal transduction pathway, could significantly inhibit GTP-CHI mRNA expression in kidneys, and GTP-CHI mRNA expression in liver and lungs showed certain down-regulation tendency. At the same time, biopterin level was significantly decreased in plasma, liver and kidneys at 12 h. Similarly, iNOS/NO induction at early stage markedly decreased in various tissues. In addition, treatment with PD98059 reduced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity in liver, lungs, as well as kidneys at 2-6 h, 2 h, 24 h and 24 h after LPS challenge, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of ERK pathway could partially inhibit the production of biopterin/NO as well as the activation of NF-kappaB pathway, which indicated that cross-talk regulation seems to be existed between ERK and NF-kappaB pathway, and they might be involved in the regulatory process of biopterin-mediated nitric oxide induction in rats with endotoxic shock.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[CD14 genomic polymorphism influences CD14 expression in whole blood culture].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether -159C/T promoter polymorphism of the CD14 gene influences the CD14 expression as well as release in whole blood culture. METHODS: One hundred and eighteen healthy human blood donors were included in the present study. CD14 mRNA expression and soluble CD14 levels were measured using a whole blood cell culture model with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The CD14 gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent HaeIII restriction enzyme digestion of the polymerase chain reaction products. TNF-alpha production in the whole blood culture was also measured. RESULTS: Among the 118 individuals, there were 40 subjects homozygous for the T allele (TT), 62 were heterozygous (CT), and 16 had the genotype CC. The CD14 mRNA expression in leukocytes and soluble CD14 levels in supernatant were higher in TT homozygotes and carriers of the genotype TC compared with individuals homozygous for the C allele (P < 0.05 or 0.01). In addition, the highest values of TNF-alpha production were found in TT homozygote [(352 +/- 215) pg/ml] compared with both genotype TC and CC [(261 +/- 163) pg/ml, (198 +/- 122) pg/ml, both P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: The -159C/T promoter polymorphism of the LPS receptor CD14 may influence the CD14 expression as well as release in whole blood culture, and it might be associated with TNF-alpha response to LPS stimulation.

Adolescent↗