PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 10074679

High-level scene perception.

Abstract

Three areas of high-level scene perception research are reviewed. The first concerns the role of eye movements in scene perception, focusing on the influence of ongoing cognitive processing on the position and duration of fixations in a scene. The second concerns the nature of the scene representation that is retained across a saccade and other brief time intervals during ongoing scene perception. Finally, we review research on the relationship between scene and object identification, focusing particularly on whether the meaning of a scene influences the identification of constituent objects.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

J M Henderson, A Hollingworth. 1999. High-level scene perception.. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.243

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Correction of restricted extraocular muscle motility in surgical management of strabismus in graves' ophthalmopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the success rates for strabismus surgery designed to correct limitation of duction with surgery designed to correct deviation in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. DESIGN: Retrospective nonrandomized comparative trial. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred thirty-seven patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy who had undergone at least one extraocular muscle surgery were divided into two groups: those whose first surgery occurred before June 1997 (control group) and those whose first surgery occurred in June 1997 or thereafter (case group). INTERVENTIONS: Extraocular muscle surgery primarily directed at either correcting deviation (control group) or correcting limitation of ductions (case group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative deviations in the primary position were measured in prism diopters 30 to 180 days after surgery. A postoperative deviation of less than 5 diopters was considered a successful surgical outcome. RESULTS: Patients undergoing strabismus surgery specifically designed to correct limitation of duction achieved a 74% success rate compared with a 44% success rate in the control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the rate of reoperation in this group was only 27% compared with 44% in the control group (P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with surgery aimed primarily at the correction of deviation, extraocular muscle surgery tailored to address restriction of ductions in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy is associated with improved surgical success of initial realignment and with a lower rate of reoperation

Eye Movements↗

Time course of frequency effects in spoken-word recognition: evidence from eye movements.

In two experiments, eye movements were monitored as participants followed spoken instructions to click on and move pictures with a computer mouse. In Experiment 1, a referent picture (e.g., the picture of a bench) was presented along with three pictures, two of which had names that shared the same initial phonemes as the name of the referent (e.g., bed and bell). Participants were more likely to fixate the picture with the higher frequency name (bed) than the picture with the lower frequency name (bell). In Experiment 2, referent pictures were presented with three unrelated distractors. Fixation latencies to referents with high-frequency names were shorter than those to referents with low-frequency names. The proportion of fixations to the referents and distractors were analyzed in 33-ms time slices to provide fine-grained information about the time course of frequency effects. These analyses established that frequency affects the earliest moments of lexical access and rule out a late-acting, decision-bias locus for frequency. Simulations using models in which frequency operates on resting-activation levels, on connection strengths, and as a postactivation decision bias provided further constraints on the locus of frequency effects.

Eye Movements↗

Feasibility of the use of eye movement data in the analysis of neurobehavioral test performance.

Better understanding of the functions and abilities underlying some neurobehavioral tests would assist the assessment of the consequences to the health or well-being of exposed populations for which decrements in such tests have been found. Eye movements, which can be useful in evaluating specific theories of visual and cognitive processes, were measured while a single participant completed the NES Symbol-Digit Substitution test. Relationships between the durations and the frequencies of eye fixations within different parts of the test material and overall test performance were examined. The overall pattern of eye-movement behavior observed was as predicted: fixations within three regions of visual interest were made, usually in the order lower matrix, upper matrix, keyboard. Both the upper matrix fixation latency and the number of regional fixations made per item were found to be strongly associated with overall item response latency. This suggests that speed and efficiency of searching and the ability to maintain concentration appeared to be key attributes related to test performance for this participant. For suitable tests, eye-movement data may be useful for assessing and measuring the latencies of subtask components in a real test situation. Monitoring eye movement represents an alternative methodology to using sub test composites, or factor analysis, as a means of tapping into the functions underlying neurobehavioral test performance.

Eye Movements↗