PubMed · 10214157
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S K Mailey, D Topley. 1999. Flight nursing.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10214157/
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The risk of venous thrombosis may be increased during aeroplane flights, which may, partly, relate to activation of coagulation by hypoxia that is caused by the reduction of pressure in the aircraft cabin. To find out whether hypoxia activates coagulation, we exposed eight healthy human participants to 8 h of isocapnic hypoxia and 8 h of air as a control. Venous blood was sampled before and after the exposure and analysed for markers of activated coagulation. There were no significant changes. We conclude that hypoxia has no major effect on coagulation in the general population.
Prolonged air travel is associated with an increased incidence of thromboembolic events. The occurrence of stroke was studied in patients with pulmonary embolism after air travel in a review of all flights arriving at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris during an 8-year period. Thromboembolic stroke and patent foramen ovale were diagnosed in four patients with pulmonary embolus.
In 1862, James Glaisher and Henry Coxwell ascended to 29,000 feet in an open hot-air balloon. During the ascent, Glaisher described marked neurologic compromises: appendicular and later truncal paralysis, blindness, initially preserved cognition, and subsequent loss of consciousness. The author examines Glaisher's account of balloon sickness by comparing it with other balloonists' observations and discussing it in the context of altitude sickness, decompression injury, and hypoxemia.