PubMed · 10216564
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Y K Amdekar. 1998. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10216564/
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A 60-year-old man was treated with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and pyrazinamide for pulmonary tuberculosis. Acute renal failure developed 1 month after re-administration of rifampicin following 1 month's interruption of treatment. A renal biopsy showed crescentic lesions characteristic of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. This is, to our knowledge, the fourth case of rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with rifampicin treatment, which responded to methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral steroid therapy.
A new method for determining cycloserine in plasma samples is described. This method is based on the derivatization of cycloserine with p-benzoquinone, a reaction that takes place at the same time as the process of plasma deproteinization due to the presence of ethanol as solvent in the solution of the derivatization reagent. Four derivatives are obtained from this reaction. The main derivative is well correlated with the cycloserine concentration. The ratio between the volumes of the plasma sample and the reagent solution is 1:2 for a p-benzoquinone concentration of 1000 microg/mL. Elution from a C18 column was isocratic, using a mobile phase containing (v/v) 85% aqueous 0.1% formic acid solution, and 15% (v/v) of a mixture of methanol and acetonitrile (1:1), with a flow-rate of 1 mL/min, at 25 degrees C. Determinations by fluorescence detection were achieved with excitation at 381 nm and emission at 450 nm, with a detection limit of 10 ng/mL for an injection volume of 5 microL. This method was validated and applied to the determination of cycloserine in blood plasma samples of several healthy volunteers.
We have developed a method for parallel independent on-chip amplification and the following sequence variation analysis of multiple DNA regions directly using microchip with an array of nanoliter gel pads containing specific sets of tethered primers. The method has three key features. First, DNA to be amplified is enriched at gel pads by its hybridization with immobilized primers. Second, different sets of specific primers are immobilized within various gel pads, and primers are detached within gel pads just before polymerase chain reaction to enhance the amplification. A gel pad may contain an additional permanently immobilized dormant primer that is activated to carry out the allele-specific primer extension reaction to detect mutations. Third, multiple polymerase chain reactions are confined within nanoliter gel pads covered and separated from each other with mineral oil. The method was applied to simultaneously identify several abundant drug-resistant mutations in three genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.