PubMed · 10252800
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K Zielski. 1981. Payment patterns: attitude.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10252800/
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In Italy, vaccination of children is regulated by a dual system, that is a certain number of compulsory immunisations, and a number of other facultative vaccinations. This has resulted in a different coverage against infections under the two regimens. While the percentage of immunised children against polio, diphtheria, tetanus and hepatitis B is around 95%, until recently the average coverage with facultative vaccinations was no >50%. Coverage against pertussis has dramatically increased in recent times thanks to the advent of acellular and combined vaccines. Regional programmes that aim to increase coverage against measles, mumps and rubella are presently underway. In order to verify the attitude of mothers towards vaccination, a questionnaire-based study was proposed to women taking their children to vaccination services for mandatory immunisation. The preliminary results on 300 questionnaires show a generally favourable attitude towards vaccines of 80% of mothers. Only 7% of them would not immunise at all their children if vaccinations were not mandatory. Measles and mumps vaccines are considered important by 92% of mothers. However, a high number of both parents and paediatricians still give disproportionate importance to mild intercurrent diseases as a reason to differ immunisation. In the middle-long term, it is likely that Italy will shift to a system of recommended immunisations without compulsion. Before this happens, wide and in-depth campaigns on the benefits of vaccination need to be planned and implemented by central and local health authorities, in order to avoid the risk of a dramatic drop of coverage.
OBJECTIVE: As a part of a larger study, "Menopause described from the woman's perspective", it has been the aim to explore whether women have any positive experiences in relation to menopause, and if so, the nature of these experiences. METHODS: In a questionnaire, sent to a random sample of 51 year-old Danish women, there was included an open-ended question concerning the course of menopause. A qualitative approach has been used in the analyses. RESULTS: 393 women have answered the open-ended question. One hundred and ninety four women did describe positive aspects of menopause. The total number of different quotations with a positive content was 268. The answers varied from unspecific statements describing a period of well-being or simply a statement of not having problems at all, and concrete descriptions which primarily dealt with the relief of ending menstruating and attached problems, such as PMS and fear of pregnancy. Finally they dealt with the possibility of personal growth and freedom to concentrate on own requirements. CONCLUSIONS: The positive aspect of menopause is a relevant field to investigate further, quantitatively as well as qualitatively. It is recommended that doctors include positive aspects and women's own resources in counselling, to avoid medicalization and dis-empowerment in this period of life.
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