PubMed · 10287388
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
R L Longley. 1988. The fluoroscopic imaging computer.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10287388/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Discography is a diagnostic tool that has been used for many years. Although controversial, it provides a physiologic test for evaluation of a disc with a volumetric, manometric, radiographic, and pain-provocative challenge. Although it has a controversial past, when the anatomy and pathophysiology are considered particularly in relation to intradiscal pressure and applied loads (that correlate with daily activities of the patient), the interpretation of the results of discography become more objective and reproducible. As with any procedure, indications for patient selection are an important step in successful outcomes. The equipment and technique used for performing discography using a manometry system are described in this article, as are a review of complications and outcomes. Discography is a safe, accurate, reproducible, objective diagnostic tool when tested for volume, pressure, fluoroscopic changes, and pain provocation.
Radiation is used during orthopaedic surgery in more than 15 million studies performed yearly. The biologic effects of radiation have been shown to inhibit mitosis by producing irrepairable deoxyribonucleic acid double strand breaks or create structural changes by damaging the nucleus, thereby producing potential genetic transmissions. Although human cells are thought to be resistant to malignant change and no studies have shown toxic effects resulting from long-term exposure to low-dose radiation, risks still are assumed. To decrease all risks, radiographic units should undergo periodic calibration, surgeons should wear protective devices, increase their working distance from the x-ray beam, and limit their duration of radiation exposure by making certain that they follow the guidelines set forth by the National Council for Radiation Protection and Measurement.
In this paper we present a complete description of the breathing synchronized radiotherapy (BSRT) system, which has been jointly developed between the University of California Davis Cancer Center and Varian Associates. BSRT is a description of an emerging radiation oncology procedure, where simulation, CT scan, treatment planning, and radiation treatment are synchronized with voluntary breath-hold, forced breath-hold, or breathing gating. The BSRT system consists of a breathing monitoring system (BMOS) and a linear accelerator gating hardware and software package. Two methods, a video camera-based method and the use of wraparound inductive plethysmography (RespiTrace), generate the BMOS signals. The BMOS signals and the synchronized fluoroscopic images are simultaneously recorded in the simulation room and are later analyzed to define the ideal treatment point (ITP) where organ motion is stationary. The BMOS signals at ITP can be used to gate a CT scanner or a linear accelerator to maintain the same organ configuration as in the simulation. The BSRT system allows breath-hold or gating. This dual role allows the system to be applicable for a variety of patients, i.e., the breath-hold method for those patients who can maintain and reproduce the ITP, and the forced breath-hold or gating method for those who are not ideal for voluntary breath-hold.