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PubMed · 10311345

DRGs are not the answer.

Abstract

With almost a $400 billion price tag for medical services rendered in 1984 and annual spending levels increasing at double-digit rates, changes in the financing mechanism for medical care services were unavoidable. The passage of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act ushered in an era of prospective payment for hospitals, and in 1984 total healthcare spending in the United States increased by 9.1%. The medical price component of the consumer price index rose 6.2%. Although these annual increases are improvements over previous years' data, the author's contention is that significant and greater savings can be realized by restructuring several elements of the healthcare environment rather than concentrating efforts solely on reshaping the payment mechanism for the hospital industry.

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T F Zenty. DRGs are not the answer.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10311345/

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Reliability of diagnoses coding with ICD-10.

OBJECTIVE: Reliability of diagnoses coding is essential for the use of routine data in a national health care system. The present investigation compares reliability of diagnoses coding with ICD-10 between three groups of coding subjects. METHOD: One hundred and eighteen students coded 15 diagnoses lists, 27 medical managers from hospitals 34 discharge letters, and 13 coding specialists 12 discharge letters. Agreement in principal diagnosis was assessed using Cohen's Kappa and the fraction of coincidences over the number of pairs, agreement for the full set of diagnoses with a previously developed measure p(om). RESULTS: Kappa values were fair (managers) or moderate (coders) for terminal codes with 0.27 and 0.42 (agreement 29.2% versus 46.8%), substantial for the chapter level with 0.71 and 0.72 (agreement 78.3% versus 80.8%). p(om) was lower for the full set of diagnoses than for principal diagnoses, for example in case of managers with 0.21 versus 0.29 for terminal codes. Best results were achieved by students coding diagnoses lists. In summary, the results are remarkably lower than in earlier publications. CONCLUSION: The refinement of the ICD-10 accompanied by innumerous coding rules has established a complex environment that leads to significant uncertainties even for experts. Use of coded data for quality management, health care financing, and health care policy requires a remarkable simplification of ICD-10 to receive a valid image of health care reality.

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